《CAD-CAE系统及应用Hypermesh软件介绍.ppt》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《CAD-CAE系统及应用Hypermesh软件介绍.ppt（61页珍藏版）》请在三一办公上搜索。
1、CAD/CAE系统及应用,大连交通大学 交通运输工程学院李娅娜 副教授,1,2,第一节 Hypermesh基本功能介绍,1.Hypermesh软件及基本功能介绍（帮助Help）P1-P24,3,第一节 Hypermesh基本功能介绍,2.练习:Manual P7 Opening and Saving Files Step 1:Open the HyperMesh model file,bumper_cen_mid1.hm.Step 2:Import the HyperMesh model file,bumper_mid.hm,into the current HyperMesh session
2、.Step 3:Import the IGES geometry file,bumper_end.igs,into the current HyperMesh session.Step 4:Import the RADIOSS Bulk Data input file,bumper_end_rgd.fem,into the current HyperMesh session.Step 5:Save the HyperMesh session as a HyperMesh model file called practice.hm.Step 6:Export the models geometr
3、y data to an IGES file called practice.igs.Step 7:Export the models mesh data to a RADIOSS Bulk Data input file called practice.fem.,3.菜单操作介绍,面板包含子面板通过左侧的面板按钮可以获的面板通常是从左到右执行例子:Project/to plane sub-panel 投影/平面 子面板,1)做什么?选择一个子面板,2)适用对象?选择操作对象,3)如何适用?给出参数、定义如何执行面板功能,4)执行操作,4,第一节 Hypermesh基本功能介绍,菜单：功能控制
4、,Switches 提供一个弹出菜单，可在有多个选项中选择Toggles 在两个选项之间切换文本输入 操作和其它程序文本输入一样可以用Ctrl+C 和 Ctrl+V 拷贝和粘贴文本双击文本输入区获得计算器Example:1+1=21 1+instead of 1+1=,5,第一节 Hypermesh基本功能介绍,对象选择器通过对象选择器指定被操作对象的类型,Reset取消已选择的对象,蓝绿色边框表明选择器激活单击对象类型按钮获得扩展选择菜单,对象类型转换改变选择对象类型,对象类型按钮显示当前选择的对象类型,菜单：选择,6,第一节 Hypermesh基本功能介绍,扩展选择菜单,扩展选择菜单提供：
5、选择对象方法修改现存选择保存一个选择，在其它任何面板恢复,7,第一节 Hypermesh基本功能介绍,窗口选择 适用 Shift+鼠标左键拖拽 选择操作对象右键拖拽 放弃操作对象单击左键 改变窗口形状矩形窗口内矩形窗口外多边形窗口内多边形窗口外,释放鼠标键时，操作对象被选中,8,第一节 Hypermesh基本功能介绍,用来确定方向或定义平面平面可通过定义一个矢量来定义（矢量为法线）方向通过定义的平面来确定(平面的法线),Reset重置,当前所选方向/平面,方向切换,Base基准点,Edit编辑器双击获得输入N1,N2,N3 和 Base.,菜单：方向选择器,9,第一节 Hypermesh基本功
6、能介绍,N1,N2,N3 方向选择可以选择节点定义一个方向或平面选择两点定义一个矢量方向(only N1 and N2)选择3点则定义了一个以N1为基准点的平面(N1,N2,and N3),菜单：方向选择（3点）,10,第一节 Hypermesh基本功能介绍,执行按钮Action buttons右边的绿色按钮是执行按钮执行面板或子面板的功能快速菜单Rapid Menus单击鼠标中键可以执行带有黑色边框的按钮拒绝Reject 相当于“Local undo”即恢复到模型执行动作前的状态注意推出该面板则不能恢复返回Return退出面板并返回上一级面板菜单,菜单：菜单按键,11,第一节 Hyperme
7、sh基本功能介绍,4.鼠标操作,12,中,右,第一节 Hypermesh基本功能介绍,4.鼠标操作,13,第一节 Hypermesh基本功能介绍,14,5.练习:Manual P18 Using the Translate Panel Step 1:Retrieve the HyperMesh model file,bumper.hm.Step 2:In the translate panel,select nodes from the graphics area.Step 3:Select and unselect elements from the graphics area.Step 4
8、:Select and unselect elements using the quick window selection method.Step 5:Select and unselect elements by using the extended entity selection menu.Step 6:Shade the elements,reset the selection,and select a few adjacent elements.Step 7:Specify a direction vector(N1 and N2 only)along which to trans
9、late the selected elements.Step 8:Specify a distance to translate the selected elements and then translate them.Step 9:Measure the distance between two nodes.Step 10:Specify a distance to translate the selected elements and then translate them.（N1-N2）Step 11:Calculate 5.5*10.5 and specify the result
10、ing value for magnitude=.Step 12:Specify a new vector and translate the elements again.,第一节 Hypermesh基本功能介绍,15,6.实体类型及集合介绍 P25-P32,第一节 Hypermesh基本功能介绍,16,7.练习:ManualP29 Reorganizing a Bumper ModelStep 1:Retrieve the HyperMesh model file,bumper.hm.Step 2:Create a component named geometry to hold the
11、models geometry.Step 3:Create two geometry lines and organize them into different components.Step 4:Move all the models geometry surfaces into the component,geometry.Step 5:Move all the models shell elements(quads and trias)into the component,center.Step 6:Rename the component,center,to shells.Step
12、7:Identify and delete all of the empty components.Step 8:Delete all the geometry lines in the model.Step 9:Move the component,geometry,to the front in the components list.（reorder）Step 10:Renumber the components to be the same as their position in the list.Step 11:Create an assembly containing the c
13、omponents,shells and rigid.Step 12:Create a load collector named constraints.Step 13:Move the models one constraint into the load collector,constraints.,第一节 Hypermesh基本功能介绍,17,Step 14:Open the model browser.Step 15:Create a component from the model browser.Step 16:Review the existing assembly elemen
14、ts from the model browser.Step 17:Add the components,geometry and component1,to the assembly,assem_mid,using the model browser.Step 18:Rename the assembly,assem_mid to assem_geom,from the model browser.Step 19:Delete component1 from the model browser.Step 20:Set the current component from the model
15、browser.,第一节 Hypermesh基本功能介绍,返回到前一个视图全屏刷新X-Y 平面（上视）X-Y 平面（俯视）X-Z 平面（左视）X-Z 平面（右视）,Plot,Refresh(P),Previous View(B),X-Y Plane(Top View),X-Y Plane(Bottom View),X-Z Plane(Left View),X-Z Plane(Right View),8.显示控制：视角控制,第一节 Hypermesh基本功能介绍,18,Reverse Current View,Isometric View,Circle Zoom(Z)Dynamic Zoom(S
16、),Zoom In(+)Zoom Out(-),用户视图:自定义真实视图:基于矢量方向,等视图,左键划个区域放大右键拖鼠标放大或缩小,左键放大右键缩小,反视,第一节 Hypermesh基本功能介绍,19,Pan Center(C),Rotate Left Rotate Right,Rotate Up Rotate Down,Rotate ClockwiseRotate Counter Clockwise,Dynamic Rotate(A)Dynamic Spin(R),左键手动旋转右键相对于鼠标和屏幕中心旋转,左键平移在屏幕上选择和单击重新设置模型中心,以各自方向增量旋转,第一节 Hyperm
17、esh基本功能介绍,20,8.显示控制：单元显示,第一节 Hypermesh基本功能介绍,21,线框显示,单元显示模式,着色显示,线框显示,单元以实心的多边形显示,单元以透明的实心的多边形显示,单元以实心的多边形显示，并且显示网格线,单元以实心的多边形显示，并且以网格线颜色显示多边形的几何特征线,各种着色面选项,Shaded,Shaded with Surface edges,Wireframe,Wireframe with Surf lines,8.显示控制：面显示,第一节 Hypermesh基本功能介绍,22,线框显示,带有面边的着色显示,带有面线的线框显示,着色显示,8.显示控制：Mas
18、k隐藏,Mask工具可以使用户显示或隐藏选择对象以免干扰所期望的视图,第一节 Hypermesh基本功能介绍,23,8.显示控制：模型浏览器,模型浏览器是一种很强的控制模型显示的工具,第一节 Hypermesh基本功能介绍,24,25,9.练习:ManualP39 Viewing a ModelStep 1:Retrieve the HyperMesh model file,bumper.hm.Step 2:Manipulate the model view using the mouse controls.The CTRL+mouse keys are used to rotate the
19、model,change the center of rotation,zoom,fit,and pan.CTRL key+left mouse 旋转 CTRL key+quick-click the left mouse(on the model)改变旋转中心 CTRL key+quick-click the left mouse(in the graphics area)旋转中心为屏幕中心 CTRL key+middle mouse button(move the mouse around)沿路经放大缩小 CTRL key+middle mouse button(spin the mous
20、e wheel)放大缩小 CTRL key+quick-click middle mouse button 模型充满整个屏幕 CTRL key+right mouse button 平移Step 3:Manipulate the view of the model using the rotate functions on the toolbar.the left mouse button 旋转 middle mouse button 改变旋转中心 right mouse button 退出旋转Step 4:Manipulate the view of the model by using t
21、he zoom in and out functions on the toolbar.,第一节 Hypermesh基本功能介绍,25,26,Step 5:Manipulate the model view using the arrows and view panel on the toolbar.Step 6:Control the display of components using the toolbar.Step 7:Control the display of components using the Visual Attributes panel.Step 8:Control
22、the visibility of various entity categories using the model browser.Step 9:Control the display of entities using the mask panel.Step 10:Control the display of entities using the find panel.Step 11:Change the color of components using the model browser.,第一节 Hypermesh基本功能介绍,26,27,第二节 几何清理,1.CAD模型的导入与修
23、复 P34-P41,拓扑显示,通过下拉工具栏控制拓扑显示,Auto:面和边以组件颜色显示或以拓扑颜色显示By Comp:面和边以组件颜色显示By 2D Topo:仅在2D 拓扑中以拓扑颜色显示By 3D Topo:仅在3D 拓扑中以拓扑颜色显示Mixed：边以拓扑颜色显示，面以组件颜色显示,28,28,第二节 几何清理,拓扑显示面板,Topology页中的工具用于实现模型的拓扑显示，控制曲面和曲面边的显示模式，即控制曲面是线框显示还是着色显示，以及自由边、共享边、T型连接边、压缩边以及硬点可见还是不可见。,29,2.练习:ManualP59 Importing and Repairing CA
24、D Geometry DataStep 1:Open and view the model file,clip_repair.hm.Step 2:View the model in topology display toolbar and shaded mode to evaluate its integrity.Step 3:Delete the surface that overhangs the round corner.Step 4:Create surfaces to fill large gaps in the model.Step 5:Set the global geometr
25、y cleanup tolerance to.01.Step 6:Combine multiple free edge pairs at one time with the equivalence tool.Step 7:Combine free edge pairs,one pair at a time,using the toggle.Step 8:Combine the remaining free edge pair using replace.Step 9:Find and delete all duplicate surfaces.Step 10:Observe the model
26、 again to identify any remaining free edges,or missing or duplicate surfaces.,29,第二节 几何清理,30,第二节 几何清理,3.中面提取 P42-P464.练习:ManualP70 Generating a MidsurfaceStep 1:Retrieve and view the model file，clip_midsurface.hm.Step 2:Generate a midsurface from midsurface panel.Step 3:Review the parts midsurface.5
27、.几何特征简化 P47-P496.练习:ManualP75 Removing Details from a Midsurface ModelStep 1:Open and view the model file,clip_defeature.hm.Step 2(Optional):To easily work with the midsurface,turn off the display of the lvl10 component.Step 3(Optional):Mesh the clip to view mesh quality before defeaturing.Step 4(Op
28、tional):Review the quality of the mesh.,31,Step 5:Remove the four small pinholes.Step 6:Remove all surface fillets in the clip.Step 7:Automatically identify and remove rounded corners of surfaces.Step 8:Mesh the defeatured geometry and view the quality.7.拓扑改进 P50-P568.练习:ManualP84 Refining Topology
29、to Achieve a Quality MeshStep 1:Open the model file,clip_refine.hm.Step 2:Create a preliminary mesh.Step 3:Review the mesh quality.Step 4:Remove short edges by combining fixed points.(Replace)Step 5:Remove the fixed points interior to all surfaces.Step 6:Add edges to the surfaces to control the mesh
30、 pattern.(surface edit.trim with nodes)Step 7:Add edges to the surfaces to control the mesh pattern.(surface edit.trim with surfs/planes)Step 8:Suppress shared edges causing a small edge.Step 9:Remesh the part.,31,第二节 几何清理,32,1.自动划分网格 P57-P64,32,第三节 二维网格划分,各种类型的有限元法，第一步都是要对分析的对象进行离散，因此离散的过程是有限元分析前处理
31、的一个重要步骤网格划分。根据实际构件尺寸的特点，可以将其划分为一维（1D）单元、二维（2D）单元或三维（3D）单元。在产品设计的CAE分析中，二维网格（壳单元）被大量使用。Hypermesh提供强大的网格划分功能，其中Automesh功能实现集于几何表面的二维网格的自动划分，通过交互方式可以方便地控制网格划分的参数，得到质量较高的网格。,选择划分的网格面目标组:-网格创建在当前组里-网格创建在相关联的几何面组里确认与选择:-选择没有划分网格的面-选择以前网格划分失败的面,第三节 二维网格划分,网格模式:自动模式 交互模式执行按钮:创建新的网格 删除刚生成的网格,第三节 二维网格划分,网格参数:
32、单元长度 单元类型-保持单元大小尺寸-防止产生扭曲单元-打断网格连接-激活以前网格的所有设置-设置对面边用一致的网格密度,第三节 二维网格划分,交互式网格控制 生成/更新网格接受与取消 取消网格模式 创建网格并返回到自动网格个模式 全屏/控制局部网格视图,第三节 二维网格划分,密度 控制边上网格密度网格样式 设置划分网格的方法和类型划分网格方法:Autodecide 自动选择网格方法map as rectangle 针对矩形形状map as triangle 三角形形状map as pentagon 多边形free(unmapped)自由，任意形状面,第三节 二维网格划分,四边形为主的单元 等
33、边(60-60-60)三角形 四边形和三角形混合 等腰(45-45-90)三角形,网格样式Type 单元类型,第三节 二维网格划分,网格样式单元类型和划分方法决定了网格样式,Map as Rectangle,Free(Unmapped),Quad,Mixed,Trias,R-trias,Mesh Types,Mesh Methods,第三节 二维网格划分,偏置Biasing 控制边上节点分布检查Checks 评估生成的单元质量,Biasing,第三节 二维网格划分,第三节 二维网格划分,2.单元网格质量检查2D Element Check 二维单元检查CTRIA3 Element Check
34、三角形单元检查CQUAD4 Element Check 四边形单元检查,第三节 二维网格划分,CTRIA3 Element Check1 Element length 单元长度2 Interior Angle 内角3 Aspect Ratio 纵横比 Aspect ratio=maximum side length/minimum side length4Skew Angle 倾斜角 CTRIA3 Skew Angle SKEW=90 MIN(a1,a2,a3),第三节 二维网格划分,CQUAD4 Element1 Interior Angle 内角2 Aspect Ratio 纵横比 即最大
35、边长于最小边长之比 AR=L max/Lmin3 Skew Angle 倾斜角 即对应边中点连线的夹角中最小角的余角。SA=90-MIN(1,2)4 Warp Angle 扭曲角 依次沿对角线将四边形分为两个三角形，寻找这两个三角形所在面 构成夹角的最大夹角，该角即为Warp Angle。WARPAGE=Maxa1,a25 Chordal Deviation 弦长偏差 即单元各边中点与该点在对应面上的投影点的距离值。6 Jacobian 雅可比,第三节二维网格划分,CQUAD4 Element6 Jacobian单元内各个积分点Jacobian 矩阵值中的最小值与最大值之比。（0到1范围内，1
36、表示理想形状）,第三节 二维网格划分,2.单元网格质量检查3D Element CheckTETRA Element Check 四面体单元检查,第三节 二维网格划分,TETRA Element Check 四面体单元检查1 Element Length2 Tetra Aspect Ratio 即单元内最长边长与最短的高度值之比。Tetra AR=the length of the longest edge/the length of the shortest altitude3 Volumetric Skew（用于检查四面体单元的体积扭曲）对于任意单元，HyperMesh 假设定义了一个过4
37、个顶点的球体，再依 照球体的半径，算出一个理想的四面体的体积，该体积为V ideal=8r3/93。参照理想四面体的体积，按下列公式，计算得到Volumetric Skew值。volumetric skew=(V ideal V actual)/V ideal4 Tetra Collapse（用于检查四面体单元形状检查）对于每一个单元，计算各个顶点到对应面的距离 值与对应面面积的平方根之比，取其中的最小值 并除以为1.24，即为tet collapse值。tet collapse=MIN(hi/sqrt(Ai)/1.24 i=1,2,3,4,47,3.练习:ManualP101 Meshing
38、 a Channel BracketStep 1:Open and view the model file,channel.hm.Step 2:Mesh all the parts surfaces at once using an element size of 5 and the mixed element type(quads and trias).Step 3:Delete the mesh.Step 4:Mesh the surface having three fixed points interior to its surface.Step 5:Fit only the surf
39、ace being meshed to the graphics area.Step 6:From the graphics area,specify a new element density along surface edges.Step 7:From the menu panel,specify a new element density along surface edges.Step 8:From the menu panel,specify a new element size to adjust element densities along surface edges.Ste
40、p 9:Change all edge element densities to reflect the initial element size of 5.Step 10:Preview a mesh of the channels rib.Step 11:Check the quality of the ribs preview mesh.Step 12:Change the ribs mesh pattern by changing the mesh method used for its surface.Step 13:Check the quality of the ribs pre
41、view mesh again.,47,第三节 二维网格划分,48,Step 14:Change the ribs mesh method back to free(unmapped).Step 16:Change the element type for some surfaces to trias.Step 15:Preview a mesh of all displayed,unmeshed surfaces.Step 17:Adjust the node spacing on surface edge(biasing).Step 18:Remesh the channels botto
42、m two surfaces.,48,第三节 二维网格划分,49,4.检查与编辑网格Edit element 单元编辑 Combine 合并网格 Split 划线分割网格 Cleanup 清理网格 Split 以选择的模式分割网格 Replace 替代节点 Detach 分开节点 Smooth 提高单元质量 Quality index 质量指标,49,第三节 二维网格划分,50,4.检查与编辑网格Check Elems 检查单元质量 Jacobian,warpage,angle,min.length,aspect ratio,skew Edges 检查自由边 Normals 显示和纠正单元法线
43、 Penetration 显示和纠正单元侵入,50,第三节 二维网格划分,51,5.练习:ManualP113 Mesh Clean-up of a Plastic CoverStep 1:Retrieve and view the HyperMesh model file.Step 2:Review the models free edges to identify shell element connectivity problems.Step 3:Correct the shell element connectivity problems using the edges panel.S
44、tep 4:Review the models free edges again to confirm that all of the shell element connectivity problems have been corrected.Step 5:Display the element normals and adjust them to point in the same direction.Step 6:Review the quality of the elements using the check elems panel.Step 7:Remesh the elemen
45、ts on the rib using the automesh panel.Step 8 Remove the tria elements from the rectangular plane of remeshed elements by first deleting the row of elements containing the trias.Step 9:Stitch the gap that resulted from deleting the row of elements using the replace panel.Step 10:Use the smooth panel
46、 to adjust the node placement on the rectangular plane of remeshed elements.Step 11:Remove tria elements from another area of the model using the edit element panel,split and combine sub-panels.,51,第三节 二维网格划分,52,Step 12:Dynamically move nodes on the mesh area modified in the last step to improve ele
47、ment quality.Step 13:For the same area of elements you focused on in the last step,optimize element quality by clicking nodes and elements.Step 14:Add a ring of radial elements around the smaller of the two holes.,52,第三节 二维网格划分,53,53,第四节 实体几何模型的创建、编辑与网格划分,实体几何模型的创建与编辑P1-P7三维网格划分（一）四面体网格的划分方法 直接四面体网格
48、划分Volume Tetra Mesher 标准四面体网格划分 Standard Tetra Mesher（二）六面和五面体网格划分方法 Hypermesh创建三维网格的基本思想是对已有的二维网格或经过投影、比例放大或缩小处理后的二维网格，经过拉伸、扫掠等方法生成三维网格。Spin Drag Elem Offset Line Drag Linear Solid Solid map,54,54,第四节 实体几何模型的创建、编辑与网格划分,3Solid Map 实现实体网格划分P8-P184练习:ManualP143 Creating and editing solid geometryStep
49、1:Retrieve model file,solid_geom.hmStep 2:Create solid geometry from the bounding surfaces.Step 3:Create a solid geometry cylinder using primitives.（基元）Step 4:Subtract the cylinders volume from the rest of the part.Step 5:Split the solid geometry using bounding lines.Step 6:Split the solid geometry
50、using a cut line.Step 7:Merge solids together.Step 8:Split the solid geometry with a user-defined plane.Step 9:Split the solid geometry with a swept line.Step 10:Split the solid geometry with a principal plane.Step 11:Split the solid geometry by creating surfaces inside the solids.Step 12:Suppress e
