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1、PEP小学英语教材分析及教学设计,荆玉求：人民教育出版社小学英语教材培训专家 全国优秀中小学外语教师 全国科研型教师 吉林省中青年学科带头人 吉林省小学英语兼职教研员 长春市2010年政府特殊津贴获得者 吉林省第二实验学校 科研暨教学主任 东北师大英语专业教育硕士 教龄17年,第一部分：认识和使用教材,What is a course book andhow to use?,To give more experienced teachers material to work from,To give less experienced teachers support and guidance
2、and the control of a well-organized syllabus,1.1Course books are written:,1.2.1.Select,You dont need to do everything.Choose what is appropriate for you and your students.,1.2.1How do we use a course book,How do we use a course book?,1.2.2.Reject,If it is not appropriateleave it out.,How do we use a
3、 course book?,1.2.3.Teach,The book is a resource to help and inform your work;it doesnt do the teaching for you.,How do we use a course book?,1.2.4.Exploit,You dont need to plod step by step through page after page.Try doing things in a different order.,How do we use a course book?,1.2.5.Supplement,
4、Use magazine pictures and articles,your own ideas,board games,real objects,tape and video recordings,etc.,1.3.planning,The learners.The aims.The teaching point.The teaching procedures.Materials.Classroom arrangement.,1.3.1 Learners,What do they like doing?What topics interest them?,1.3.2 Aims,What a
5、re the aims of the lesson?What are the aims of each activity?,1.3.3 Teaching point,What items of language will be studied or used in the lesson?What topics,contexts will be used?Am I confident about these teaching points?What preparation/study do I need to do?,1.3.4 Teaching procedures,What activiti
6、es will help the learners achieve the lesson objectives?How will the activities link together to make a lesson?How long will each activity last?,1.3.5 Material,What material will be used for each activity?What do I need to make,photocopy,borrow?What page of the course book have we got to?What can be
7、 used for homework?,1.3.6 Classroom management,How will the chairs be arranged?What instructions will I give?What happens if they dont understand my instructions?How long is the whole sentence?,第二部分：解决对策,一、发展学习策略 二、改进课堂教学,一、发展学习策略,什么是学习策略,学习策略是为了有效学习而采取的措施。文秋芳所谓学习策略，指学生为了有效地学习和发展而采取的各种行动和步骤。英语课程标准,兴
8、趣习惯方法,1.元认知策略的培养,元认知：又称反审认知，是个体对自己认知过程的自我觉察、自我评价和自我调节。概括地说，就是对自己行为的反思和监控。(王元阳),2.一般认知策略的培养,(1)听的策略(2)说的策略(3)读的策略(4)写的策略,(1)听的策略,A.做好听的准备(物质的精神的知识的)B.养成听的习惯(敏感度倾听)C.拓展听的内容和途径（学校家庭社会）,()说的策略,A.自己和自己说英语B.熟练掌握句型结构,并根据结构举一反三C.英语课上积极发言D.课外活动尽量用英语和同学对话E.在家跟父母用英语对话 F.课外用英语和老师对话G.看见一个物品，尽量说出它的英语名称,()读的策略,A.跟
9、读：跟老师读，跟录音机读，跟同学读B.朗读：在家坚持读英语课文 反复朗读语言材料至熟练 注意朗读的语速、语音、语调C.诵读：背诵课文；对于优美的语句应摘抄并背诵阅读 主动阅读课本上的语言材料 课外主动阅读英语课本以外的英语材料 留意生活中出现的英语并默读,()写的策略,抄写：规范的写字母、单词抄写句子时要注意单词之间的间距 注意开头字母要大写 注意特殊的词或短语的写法 结尾要加标点符号。抄写段落或文章时要注意格式作文：养成用英语写日记的习惯 根据一个句子结构或几个英语单词能连续写出若干句子,(5)其他策略运用工具书 摘录、划线、做笔记 鼓励使用inter-language（I very lik
10、e you）记忆策略例：elephant,二.改进课堂 教学,（一）潜在的问题和建议,1.TTT(Teacher talking time),The more a teacher talks the less opportunity there is for the learners.Allow them time and the quiet they need.Explore the possibilities of silence.,2.Echo,S:I visited my grandparents last weekend.T:You visited your grandparents
11、 last weekend.,Become aware of your echoing,and then start to control it.,3.Helpful sentence completion,T:What are they doing?They are.S:They are doing the dishes.,4.Complicated and unclear instructions,Unplanned,unstructured instructions are extremely confusing to students.Work out what is essentia
12、l for them to know and tell them that without wrapping it up in babble.,5.Asking Do you understand?,T:Do you understand?Are you clear?Clear?S:Yes.,6.Lack of confidence in self,learners,material,activity/making it too easy,A common cause of boredom in classroom is when material used is too difficult
13、or too easy.A more difficult problems is when work is simply not challenging enough.,7.Flying with the fastest,If you only listen to the first people who speak,its very easy get a false impression of how difficult or easy something is.,8.over-helping/over-organizing,A lot of teacher help is actually
14、 teacher interference.Sometimes our students will do much better without us,if only we have the courage to trust them.,Carl Rogers suggestions:,maximizing student interaction,1.Encourage a friendly,relaxed learning environment.,2.Asking questions rather than giving explanations.,3.Ask open questions
15、 rather than close questions.,4.Allow time for students to listen,think,process their answer and speak.,5.Really listen to what they say.,6.Allow silence.,7.Increase opportunities for STT.,8.Use gestures to replace unnecessary teacher talk.,9.Make use of pairs and small groups to maximize opportunit
16、ies for students to speak.,10.If possible,arrange seating so that students can see and talk to each other.,11.The teacher doesnt need to be at the front of the classroom.,12.Encourage interaction between students rather than only between S-T and T-S.,13.Encourage co-operation rather than competition
17、.,14.Allow students to become more responsible for their own progress.,15.If a student is speaking too quietly for you to hear,walk further away,rather than closer to them.,（二）改进对策,1.科学认识语言教学,遵循：语言的规律音形意句段篇（例：河北课例）语言教学的规律（例：Whats colour is it?）儿童身心发展的规律（认知障碍）two-tow;girl-gril;bag dag;dog bog例：酸菜；大桥外
18、语（前备经验）,2.改进教学语言,课堂语言,组织语言 评价语言 交流语言 反馈语言,存在的问题,指令繁琐，不清。导入环节过长 热身或活动与教学内容无关。（大安）,3.改进课堂活动。,例1：I she you 例2：新东方（卡片）例3：at-bat-cat-fat-hat-mat-pat-rat-sat 例4：毕业试卷实际运用题,a.对语言材料的再加工,b.教学目标要集中,c.教者要有语篇概念,故事:三个和尚,A story:Three monks,It is Look,A monk isHe is but he is,carry water,monk,(和尚),(抬水),ing,Here co
19、mes another He is andLook,The two monks aretogether.They are not.They are.,carry water,(抬水),ing,Here comes another He is Look,The three monks are.They have no to,It is Look,A monk isHe is but he is,Here comes another He is Look,The two monks aretogether.They are not.They are.,Here comes another He i
20、s Look,The three monks are.They have no to,d.注意语义的扩展,例1：bag 例2：spring例：milk(新东方)例4：读者Alexs lemonade stand,Tiger beer,Tiger Woods A golf player,Tiger balm,e.不回避使用汉语,于是洗手的时候，日子从水盆里过去；吃饭的时候，日子从饭碗里过去；默默时，便从凝 然的双眼前过去。,English poems,Chinese essays,time,（诗歌）,（散文）,f.注重思维的培养,Its late at night.Peter is sittin
21、g on his bed and he is looking at his clock.His neighbors(邻居)are making a lot of noise(噪音),and Peter is very angry.The people in Room 2 are dancing.The man in Room 3 is watching TV.The woman in Room 4 is playing the violin.The boys in Room 5 are listening to loud rock music(摇滚乐).The dog in Room 6 is
22、 barking(叫).And the people in Room 7 are having a big argument(吵架、争吵).Its very late and Peter is tired and angry.What a terrible（糟糕的）night.,动词变现在分词的规则1.直接加 ing2.去e加ing3.双写最后一字母加ing,sit-sitting,look-looking,make-making,dance-dancing,watch-watching,play-playing,listen-listening,bark-barking,have-havin
23、g,Swift the time fly away.,First the hour then the day.,Next the week,the month,the year.,Go away and disappear.,Time is always on the wing.,When I speak or think or sing.,When I work or sleep or play.,Time is flying fast away.,The Flight Of Time,Time flies like an arrow.,Time is(like).,Time is.,lif
24、e,(生命),g.注意问题的启发性,例：I can Question:What can you do when you were one years old?,h.评价要适度、适当,i.多媒体是教学辅助而不是依赖,第三部分：时代对教师的需要,教育智慧教育良知,As a teacher you are also a learner _ learning about language,about methodology,about people,about yourself,about life.I suspect the moment you stop learning you also stop being involved in education.So,rather than being a teacher,be a learner.,用变化迎接变化 用学习迎接变化,Thank you!,http:/,
