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1、转折连词及副词,but,however,although,while,吃透本质,连词的功能一定是“联结”两个结构：两个完整的句子连接成一个句子；两个名词构成一个名词结构如果一个完整的句子前加一个连词，这个句子就不能再独立存在。比如不能说：Although he is a good person.在口语中，由于用法不正式，可以由but起始一个句子。书面语不要这样使用。however不是连词，是副词。所以它不可以连结两个句子。不能说：He did not come,however he sent gifts.,吃透用法-but：做连词,but 做并列连词：连结两个句子或者两个成分。表前后意义转向。
2、如果连结两个如果连结两个句子，两个句子间可以加，也可以不加逗号an expensive but extremely useful bookIts an old car,but its very reliable.They rushed to the hospital,but they were too late.Id like to go but Im too busy.有时候可以代替except：What can we do but sit and wait?I had no choice but to accept the challenge.,吃透用法-but：做副词,but做副词的意思
3、和转折无关，意思就是onlyThis is but one example of what can happen when things go badly wrong.Its going to be difficult.Anyway,we can but try.,吃透用法-but：做介词,做介词的but，意思是除了（apart from，except）I could come any day but Thursday.Theres no one here but me.He was unable to swallow anything but liquids.,吃透用法：however,ho
4、wever表示“然而”的意思时，是个副词an extremely unpleasant disease that is,however,easy to treathowever还可以做连词，意思是no matter howIf we win the match,well be delighted,however it happens.I really want the car,however much it costs.,34._ you may have,you should gather your courage to face the challenge.A.However a seri
5、ous problem B.What a serious problem C.However serious a problem D.What serious a problem2010年上海,吃透用法：although,连词。与though的连词意思同义，可换用。“虽然，尽管”used to introduce a statement that makes your main statement seem surprising or unlikelyAlthough in poor health,she continued to carry out her duties.We decided
6、 to take rooms in Longwood House,although we knew we could not really afford the rent.,28._he has limited technical knowledge,the old worker has a lot of experience.Since B.Unless C.As D.Although2006年全国,He kept sneezing and his nose was running.44 he put on some warm clothes,it didnt work,for there
7、were too many of us.44.A.SinceB.OnceC.WhetherD.Although2009年重庆 完形,吃透用法：though,做连词时与although的连词意思同义，可换用。“虽然，尽管”（一般只在口语中）做副词时，意思与however相近spokenused after adding a fact,opinion,or question which seems surprising after what you have just said,or which makes what you have just said seem less true:Two he
8、art attacks in a year.It hasnt stopped him smoking,though.It sounds like a lot of fun.Isnt it rather risky though?,19.Playing on a frozen sports field sounds like a lot of fun.Isnt it rather risky,_?A.though B.also C.either D.too 2010年浙江,吃透用法：while,做连词，可以表示时间“当时”。如果句子里是实义动词，常常都用进行时。They arrived whil
9、e we were having dinner.She met Andy while working on a production of Carmen.做连词，表示在某个时间段内，一直做，或者“只要就”all the time that something is happening:Would you look after the children while I do the shopping?I will enjoy my fame while it lasts.There will be life while there is water and air.做连词，做对比：used to
10、 emphasize the difference between two situations,activities etc:Schools in the north tend to be better equipped,while those in the south are relatively poor.做连词，类似于although：While there was no conclusive evidence,most people thought he was guilty.,18 While watching television,_.A the doorbell rang B the doorbell ringsC we heard the doorbell ringD we heard the doorbell rings2005年 全国,I felt somewhat disappointed and was about to leave _ something occurred that attracted my attention.A.unless B.until C.when D.while,
