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1、Unit 4 Making the news,基础知识自测,一、单词拼写 根据读音、词性和词义写出下列单词。1._ 5Akjurit a.正确的,精确的2._E5kju:z vt.指控,控告3._E5kwaiE vt.取得;获得;学到4._ E5pCintmEnt n.约会,任命5._ E5pru:v vt.赞成,赞许,批准,认可6._keis n.事实,事例,案件7._5kCli:n.同事,同僚,同行8._5kCnsentreit vt.集中;聚集,集结9._kC:s n.路线;方向,过程10_ di5fend vt.防御;保卫;为.辩护,accurate,accuse,acquire,ap
2、pointment,approve,case,colleague,concentrate,course,defend,department,11._di5pB:tmEnt n.司;处;科;系12._5i:E a.热心的,热切的13._ i5diFEn n.(发行物的)版;版本14._5IftId a.有天资的,有天赋的15._in5tenFEn n.意图,意向,目的16._5mi:nwaIl n.ad.其时,其间17._5nC:mEl a.正常的,正规的18._7Ckju5peiFEn n.工作,占领19._prE5ses n.过程,程序;制作法20._ 5teknikEl a.工艺的;科技的
3、,eager,edition,gifted,intention,meanwhile,normal,occupation,process,technical,二、单词运用 根据句子的结构和意义，在空格处填入恰当的单词，或者用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。1.Please state your name,age,and o_.2.I thank you very much indeed for you _.(会见，接见)3.She was sent abroad on a difficult _(assign).4.If you dont c_ more on your work,you will
4、lose the job.5.If you are _(curiosity)about Australia,just read the book.,curious,occupation,interview,assignment,concentrate,6.I went to college,m_,all my friends got well-paid jobs.7.Sandy could do nothing but _(承认)to his teacher that he was wrong.8.Smoking is one of the c_ causes of lung cancer.9
5、.He is a musician with great t_ skill but not much feeling.10.David and I are c_.We work in the same company.,colleagues,meanwhile,admit,chief,technical,三、词语派生 用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。1.She intends to make teaching her_（professional）.2.He was _（gift）with a good voice.3.A large office requires（employ）the of m
6、any people.4.It is _(normal)for a man to walk in his sleep.5.Our visitors arrived at the _(appointment)time.,profession,gifted,employment,abnormal,appointed,6.We went to the party with our parents _(approve).7.She shows great _(eager)for success.8.They _(reporter)the movements of the enemy troops to
7、 the headquarters.9.He was filled with _(guilty)at having failed his parents.10He is a _（photograph）for life magazine.,approval,eagerness,reported,guilt,photographer,四、词组互译 将下列词组或短语译成中文或英语。1.随身携带2.渴望做3.集中精力与4.专修一门课程5.以后,bring with,be eager to do,concentrate on,take a course,later on,6._ 获得你需要的所有信息7.
8、有对新闻非常敏感的“嗅觉”8.依赖 9.职业诀窍10._有证据支持我们的故事,acquire all the information you need to know,have a nose for a story,have the evidence to support our story,depend on,a trick of the trade,11.tell the whole truth12._find out the missing part of the story 13.get the wrong end of the stick 14 accuse sb.of(doing)
9、sth.15.This is how the story goes.,说出全部真相,查明故事被遗漏的部分,完全搞错了,指控某人做某事,事情是这样的,16.so as to 17.be supposed to have done 18.arrange an interview19.look forward to(doing)sth.20.the first assignment as a reporter,当记者的首次任务,为了,理应做过某事,安排采访,盼望做某事,五、词组运用 根据句子提供的语境，或汉语提示，从第四大题中选一个适当的短语并用其适用的形式完成英文句子。1.I must(集中精力)
10、my work now.2.Not only am I interested in photograph,but I _at university,so its actually of special interest to me.3.Only if you ask many different questions will you(获得你需要的所有信息).,concentrate on,took a course,acquire all the information you need to know,4.A footballer for deliberately not scoring g
11、oals so as to let the other team win.5.You have to prepare the next question _ _ what the person says.(你要根据那个人所说的话准备下一个问题),depending on,was accused of taking money,6.我期盼着当记者的首次任务。my first assignment as a reporter.7.麦琪急于来看我。Maggie.8.两个见证人都没有讲出全部真相。Neither witness.9.He came to school early _(为了)clean
12、the classroom.10.We say a good reporter must _(对非常敏感)a story.,have a nose for,Im looking forward to,was eager to visit me.,told the whole truth,so as to,occupation n a job or employment 职业 taking possession 占有occupation,job,work,profession 和 trade辨析四个词都有“工作”之意。occupation 较为正式，经常用在填写表格上。job是可数名词，可指一个
13、单独任务，也可指工作职位work是不可数名词，泛指一切工作。profession一般指需要专门技能，尤指需要较高教育水 平的某一行业、职业，如医生或律师。,Language points,Practice:选词填空（occupation,job,profession,work)a.Please state your name,age and_ below.b.I have a few _ to do in the house this morning.c.Looking after children all day is hard_d.My husband is at the very to
14、of medical_.,occupation,jobs,work,profession,Can I go out on a story immediately?我可以马上出去采访吗？on 后接一些名词如visit,holiday,business,trip等，常与come,go等动词连用，用来说明活动或状态。Practice:她决定今年暑假去一趟英国。She decided to go _ to England this summer.他去了长途旅行。He has been away _.,on a visit,on a long trip,NO need for a camera!不需要带
15、相机！no need是句型There is no need 的省略形式，need 后面可以接for/of(doing)sth 或(for sb)to do作后置定语。,介词填空：There is no need _ that sort of thing.There is no need _ hurrying;we still have time.There is no need _ you to worry about the matter.,for,of,for,experienced adj.有经验的在你家谁有经验做饭？Who is experienced in cooking in yo
16、ur family?,Later you can cover a story and submit the article yourself.晚些时候，你就可以独自去进行新闻采访并递交稿件了。submit在这句话种表示“递交；呈送”。如：He submitted an essay to his tutor.他向导师地叫了一篇论文。submit还可以表示“屈服；顺从”。如：They refused to submit to the pressure.他们据不屈服于压力。,cover 1).She was sent to cover the event.()2).The road was cove
17、red with snow.()3).She laughed to cover her worry.(),报道,采访,覆盖,遮盖,4).The red army covered about 30 miles a day.()5).Is the money enough to cover the cost of a new shirt?()6).The city covers ten square miles.()7).So far this month I have covered ten lessons.(),走完多少里路,（钱）够支付,有多少面积,看完多少页书,be eager for s
18、th.(eg.success)渴望，很想 be eager to do sth.渴望做某事 be eager that clause 他很渴望见到他的女儿。_ 我们都很想那项工程早点开始。_,He was(is)eager to see his daughter,We were eager that the project would start early.,concentrate vt.to give all ones attention to sth and not to think about anything else.集中 to come or bring together at
19、one place 聚集 concentrate on(doing)sth 专注于（做）某事 concentrate the/ones mind 集中注意力；聚精会神 concentrate ones effort/attention on sth 集中力量/注意力于某事 concentration n.专心；聚集,Practice:,完成句子：Stop talking and _.(专心工作)b.Nothing _(集中注意力)better than the knowledge that you could die tomorrow.c.I decided to _(全力以赴)finding
20、 somewhere to live.,concentrate on your work,concentrates the mind,concentrate all my efforts on,concentrate on/upon sth./doing sth._We should _our study.Tom is _fishing.,集中精力做,concentrate on/upon,concentrating/ed on/upon,have a nose for 对嗅觉灵敏,表示探查或发现某事的能力。此类形象表达法还有：She has an ear for music.()She ha
21、s an eye for color and style in clothes.(),对有欣赏能力,对有眼光,Dont poke your nose into other peoples business.()George turned his nose up at classical music.()Tell us what happened.We are all ears.()He turned a deaf ear to what I said.()Dont tell him anything.He has a big mouth.(),管闲事，插手与己无关的事,对不屑一顾，看不起,正在
22、听着，洗耳恭听,对听不进去,嘴不严,Only if you ask many different questions will you acquire all the information you need to know.只有提很多不同的问题，你才能收集到你所需要的信息。放在句首的状语若由“only+副词”，“only+介词词组”，“only+状语从句”构成，可引起局部倒装，即把助动词，情态动词或系动词be放在主句之前。如：,Only then did I realize the importance of my health.只是在那时我才认识到健康的重要性。Only when the
23、war was over in 1945 was he able to get back to work.只是在1945年战争结束后他才得以回去工作。,meanwhile=meantime=in the meantime=at the same time 妈妈去购物，与此同时，我打扫房间。,My mother went shopping.Meanwhile,I cleaned the house.,meanwhile,during,while 词义辨析,meanwhile意为“同时”,与at the same time意思相同。意为“期间”时，是副词，在句中单独做状语。during 意为“在、
24、期间”，是介词，后接名词、代词。while 意为“在、期间”，是连词，引导时间状语从句。,This is a trick of the trade.这就是我们这个行业的诀窍了。tricks of the trade(内行人的)诀窍。另外还可以表示吸引顾客，在竞争中取胜的手段或生意经。如：If you want to start your own car business,you should ask his advice.He knows all the tricks of the trade.你要想自己做骑车生意，最好向他讨教，他对这行的诀窍完全清醒。,so as to do sth.“为了
25、”不能用在句首=in order to do sth.可放句子中任何位置=so that+从句=in order that+从句 句型转换:I got up at five so as to catch the train=_=_,I got up at five in order to catch the train.,I got up at five so that I could catch the train.,我买了些牛肉和蔬菜，为的是给晚饭做个汤I bought some beef and vegetables _I bought some beef and vegetables
26、_I bought some beef and vegetables _I bought some beef and vegetables _,so as to make a soup for dinner.,in order to make a soup for dinner,so that I could make a soup for dinner,in order that I could make a soup for dinner,Have you ever had a case where somebody accused your journalists of getting
27、the wrong end of the stick？get the wrong end of the stick完全误解，弄错他完全搞错了。He _ _.,got(held of)the wrong end of the stick,accuse sb.of sth._=charge sb.with sth.相同结构的有：_ 提醒某人_抢了某人_通知某人 _ 治愈，治疗某人_警告某人,因某事指责/控告某人,remind sb.of sth.,rob sb.of sth.,inform sb.of sth.,cure sb.of sth.,warn sb.of sth.,accuse,char
28、ge,blame 词义辨析,accuse（指控）sb.of(doing)sth.charge(指控）sb.with(doing)sth.accuse(指责）sb.of(doing)sth.blame（责备）sb.for(doing)sth.,他被警察指控谋杀。_.Tom _ his boss of having broken his word.A.blamed B.accused C.charged D.scolded,He was accused of murder by the police,B,the man was supposed to bribed him be supposed
29、to do 应当，认为必须 be supposed to have done 表示理应做过某事，（但可能没做）他大约一小时后到。He_ in about an hour.杰克现在应当完成工作了。Jack_.,is supposed to be here,is supposed to have finished the work.,accurate adj.正确无误的,精确的,准确的accuracy n.准确，精确precise adj.精确的，独特的，精细的exact adj.正确的，准确的，严谨的，精密的accurately adv.精确，准确correct adj.正确的，准确,Langu
30、age Points for Using Language,1)_ statistics,measurements,calculations,are very important.2)Its impossible to say with any _ how many are affected.3)This is the _ dress for a formal dinner.4)The _ time is three minutes and thirty-five seconds.,Accurate,correct,accuracy,exact,5)They both came here at
31、 _ the same time.6)He is _ in everything.7)The diagram had been copied with great _.8)He is a man with a _ mind.,precise,precise,exactly,precision,edition 版本,书报等一次发行总数editor n.编辑editorial adj.（定语）编辑的n.社论，社评edit v.编辑，剪辑edit sth.out of(sth)删除,note v.注意，观察，记录 n.摘记，短信，注释，纸币，音 调，暗示，含义note down 记录notedadj
32、.闻名的，著名的take/make a note of记录sound/strike a note of表示某种感情观点compare notes交流看法,chief adj.最重要的,主要的,最高权威的辨析：chief,principal 和 majorchief 主要的，首要的.指人时表示地位高、权力大，指物时表示重要。principal 首要的，主要的。正式用语。由于某中重要性而具有首要的地位。major 主要的，首要的。指与他物相对比时突出显赫的地位。,翻译句子他是我们的处长那场意外事故的主要原因是什么？上海是中国的主要城市之一。,He is the chief of my depart
33、ment.,Whats the chief cause of the accident?,Shanghai is one of the chief cities of China.,senior adj.年长的，（级别、职位、资格）较高的，高年级的（作定语）senior n.年较长的人，毕业班或高年级的学生junior adj.较幼的，较小的superior adj.较高的，优越的，优良的，不屈服的注意：本身都是比较级形式，无须再添加 more 或-er；这三个词用于比较级中不与 than 连用，而与 to 连用。,1)He is not superior to temptation.2)Th
34、is engine is superior in many aspects.3)He is two years senior to me.4)I will have to ask my superior.5.)He is wearing a superior smile.,他经不住诱惑。,他脸上带有高傲的微笑。,那事我得先问一下我们公司老板。,他比我大两岁。,这台发动机在很多方面性能都非常优越。,approve v.赞成，认可，满意，批准，通过 approval n.赞成、同意、认可 on approval(指货物）不满意可以退换的 approving adj.赞许的、认可的 approved
35、 school 少年罪犯教养院（感化院）,You can join the class if your mother approves.2)You made a good decision,and I thoroughly approve it.3)She received many approving glances.4)I dont approve of smoking in bed.,你作出了一个好决定，我不折不扣（衷心）地表示赞同。,你可以参加这个班，如果你母亲同意的话。,她赢得了很多赞许的目光。,我不赞成躺在床上吸烟。,Grammar,Inversion,基本语序natural or
36、der,subject 主+predicate 谓+object 宾,I love English.,倒装 Inversions把谓语动词放在主语之前,叫倒装结构。如果全部谓语放在主语之前,叫全部倒装;如果只把助动词或be 动词等放在主语之前，叫部分倒装。Here comes my list of.(全倒)Never will Zhou Yang forget.（半倒）,原句自然顺序是：Many students are there in the classroom.,全部倒装,1.用于 there be 句型。There are many students in the classroom.
37、,.用于“here(there,now,then)+不及物动词+主语的句型中,或以out,in,up,down,away 等副词开头的句子里面,表示强调。Here comes the bus.There goes the bell.Now comes our turn.Out went the children.,名词,注意：,代词作主语时,主谓语序不变。,Here you are!Out they went.,3.当句首状语是表示地点的介词词组时,也常引起全部倒装。,From the valley came a frightening sound.Under the tree stands
38、a little boy.,4.为了保持句子结构平衡,或为了强调表语或状语,或为了使上下文结构紧凑。They arrived at a farmhouse,in front of which sat a boy.,强调状语,Present at the meeting was Miss Li.,强调表语,Inside the pyramids are the burial rooms for the kings and queens and long passages to these rooms.,保持句子结构平衡,.用于only开头的句子(修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句)Only in th
39、is way can you learn English well.,部分倒装,.用于 never,hardly,seldom,little,at no time,not only,rarely,little,not a bit 等否定词开头的句子里。Never shall I do this again.,.用于no sooner than,hardly when 和 not until的句型中。No sooner had she gone out than the class began.Not until the teacher came did he finish his homewo
40、rk.,.用于 so,nor,neither 开头的句子,表示 重复的内容。此句谓语应与前句谓语的时 态形式一致。Jack can not answer the question.Neither can I.He has been to Beijing._ So have I.So he has,我也去过。是的，他确实去过。,Such an interesting book is it that John has read it twice.,.在 so/such that 的结构中,若so/such 置于句首,则句子部分倒装.)It is such an interesting book t
41、hat John has read it twice.2.)It is so interesting a book that John has read it twice.,So interesting a book is it that John has read it twice.,.用于“形容词(或名词、动词)as(though)”引导的让步状语从句。Pretty as she is,she is not clever.Try as he would,he might fail again.,.用于省略if 的虚拟条件句If you had reviewed your lessons,y
42、ou might have passed the examination Had you reviewed your lessons,youmight have passed the examination.,.用于 某些祝愿的句子。May you succeed.,1.-Do you know Jim quarreled with his brother?-I dont know,_.A.nor dont I care B.nor do I care C.I dont care neither D.I dont care also,配套练习,.Multiple choices.,2.Not
43、until all the fish died in the river _ how serious the pollution was.A.did the villagers realize B.the villagers realized C.the villagers did realized D.didnt the villagers realized,3.Only in this way _ do it well.A.must we B.we could C.can we D.we can 4.Hardly _ when it began to rain.A.had he arriv
44、ed B.arrived he C.he had arrived D.did he arrive,5.Only when class began _ that he had left his book at home.A.will realize B.he did realize C.did he realize D.should he realize6.Not a single mistake _ in the dictation yesterday.A.did he make B.made by him C.he made D.he had made,7.No sooner _ his t
45、alk than he _ by the workers.A.he finished;surrounded all B.did he finish;did surround C.had he finished;was surrounded D.after he finished;was surrounded near,8.Little _ know about verbs,Franz _ his head.A.did he;dare not lift B.he;dare not lift C.did he;dare not to lift D.doesnt;doesnt dare lift,9
46、.I finally got the job.Never in all life_ so happy.A.did I feel B.I felt C.I had felt D.had I felt,10.In no country _ Britain,it has been said,_ experience four seasons in the course of a single day.A.other than;one can B.other than;can one C.rather than;one can D.rather than;can one,把下列句子改为倒装。,1.I
47、have never seen him before._ I seen him.2.she had hardly gone out when a student came to see her._ when a student came to see her.,Never before have,Hardly had she gone out,3.I didnt go there.he didnt go there either.I didnt go there,_ _.,neither/nor did he,4.A terrible Genie(妖怪)stood before the fis
48、herman.Before the fisherman _ _.,stood a,terrible Genie,5.people seldom did experiment to test their ideas._ to test their ideas.,Seldom did people do experiment,6.You can learn English well only in this way._ you learn English well.,Only in this way can,7.Lu Xun was not only a great writer,but also a great thinker._ a great writer,but also a great thinker.,Not only was Lu Xun,8.It didnt stop raining until midnight._ it stop raining.,Not until midnight did,
