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1、CENTURY BUSINESS ENGLISH,大连理工大学出版社,阅读教程（基础篇I）（第四版）,世纪商务英语,主编：王洗薇,一分文档,Unit 6 Business Dining,大连理工大学出版社,Business Language,In this unit were going to introduce American food habits and some tips on table manners.You will meet a lot of words related to food and the practical reading will help you be fa
2、miliar with the names of some popular western food.Of course you will also continue to learn some reading skills about how to identify the main idea of a paragraph by finding the topic sentence.,Business Language,Reading Skill Focus,Words and Expressions,Practical Reading,Comprehensive Reading,Readi
3、ng Skill Focus,Finding the Main Idea(2),In last unit,we have talked about how to identify the subject of a paragraph.For this unit,topic sentences of a paragraph will be discussed.Topic Sentence at the Beginning In this type of paragraph,the author states its main idea(1)and then goes on to explain
4、and develop that idea.,Reading Skill Focus,Topic Sentence at the End In this type of paragraph,the author leads up to the main idea and then states it in the last sentence.Topic Sentence in the Middle In this type of paragraph,the author builds up to the main idea,states it in the middle of the para
5、graph and then goes on further explanations.,Reading Skill Focus,Implied Main Idea Some paragraphs have no topic sentences.The main idea is implied,which means you have to figure it out by asking“What is the topic of the paragraph?”To find the answer to the question,you must see what subject is cons
6、tantly being referred to.Once you have found the topic,ask yourself,“What is the authors main point being made about the topic?”Your answer should be broad enough to include all the supporting details in the paragraph.This will be the main idea.,Reading Skill Focus,AGuided Practice,Sample 1 American
7、 life has once again been greatly changed by the new age of science and technology since World War II.Everything has speeded up to a tremendous rate.Information is immediate.Nobody has to wait to hear any news.There is a television set in every house.There is instant printing.A computer can hold mor
8、e than a million facts in its memory.,Reading Skill Focus,It speeds up every operation because it can immediately record,remember facts and produce new information that is combined with these facts.本段第一句是主题句：二战之后，美国人的生活随着科技时代的到来发生了巨大的变化。然后举出几个例子以支持主题：人们能够迅速获得信息；每家都有电视；可以即时打印；电脑可以存储大量信息，并且可以根据存储的数据迅速
9、提供新的信息。,Reading Skill Focus,Sample 2 When inviting a client to lunch,remember that the restaurant you select is subconsciously perceived as an extension of your office.Therefore,select a restaurant where the food is of good quality and the service is reliable.When escorted to a table by a waiter or
10、waitress,allow your guest(s)to walk behind the person.When finding a table on your own,take the lead.,Reading Skill Focus,Be sure to extend the“power”seat to your client.Seat yourself in the seat with your back facing the door/main body of the room.The business dining situation may looklike a dinner
11、,but its still business and sharpening your business dining etiquette skills is a must.本段落先列举了几条邀请客人就餐时需要注意的礼节：挑选什么样的饭店，步入坐席的顺序，以及如何安排座位。最后一句总结，学习商务用餐的礼节是必要的。因此，最后一句是主题句。,Reading Skill Focus,Sample 3 Have you noticed that people are more eager these days to get into movie theaters than into librarie
12、s?And have you noticed that the TV Guide has replaced Pilgrims Progress in the honored spot beside the family Bible?It seems that movies and televisions are replacing books as sources of entertainment and information.Perhaps the reason is that watching the action of a story is much more convenient t
13、han reading the story and imagining the action.,Reading Skill Focus,Also the variety of programs on television today,including comedy,drama,biography,documentaries,and nature films,provides much of the information that once could be found only in books.这个段落的主题句不在段首，也不在段末，而是在段中。前文提出问题：为什么人们热衷于去电影院而不是
14、图书馆？为什么电视报取代了小说天路历程和圣经？接着点出了段落的主题句：电影和电视正在取代书刊，成为人们娱乐和信息的来源。然后围绕这一中心思想解释了原因。段中的主题句起到了承上启下的作用。,Reading Skill Focus,Sample 4 College and university sports teams have nicknames.Most are common,such as the Bears,Lions and Tigers.However,some are unusual.For instance,the University ofCalifornia at Irvine
15、 is nicknamed“Anteaters”.The University of Washburns sports teams are called“Ichabods”.Richland College sports teams are called“Thunderducks.”Andperhaps the strangest of all belongs to the University of California at Santa Cruz.Their nickname is“Banana Slugs”,Reading Skill Focus,本段落没有能够表达主题思想的主题句，因此
16、我们要根据文中的细节来找出暗含着的主题思想。本段落有两个主要细节：（1）大学运动队都有绰号；（2）一些大学运动队有独特的绰号。我们把这两个重要细节综合在一起就可归纳出暗含的主题思想：Some college and university sports teams have unusual nicknames.,Reading Skill Focus,Try to figure out the topic sentences of the following paragraphs.1.For years I have struggled with my writing skills.My ina
17、bility to master correct grammar as well as my struggle to formulate coherent ideas has made my compositions very dull and ineffective.This year,however,I decided to visit the Writing Center to help improve my skills.I found,to my surprise,that the real key to writing a good paper is to have a passi
18、on for the things about which you are writing.,BLets Try,Reading Skill Focus,When a person becomes interested in his or her subject of composition,he or she will make a better attempt atorganizing ideas and giving them a strong coherence.,The topic sentence of the paragraph is:,答案：,I found,to my sur
19、prise,that the real key to writing a good paper is to have a passion for the things about which you are writing.,Reading Skill Focus,My grandfather contracted lung cancer a few months ago.The doctors now say that he only has a few weeks to live.My familys situation is not unique.Millions of American
20、s are going through a similar experience.At least three members of every extended family will contract terminal disease before the age of sixty.At least one out of every three nuclear families will have a member who will die of cancer before the age of fifty.,Reading Skill Focus,From these statistic
21、s and from personal experience it is evident that no one is unaffected by cancer.The topic sentence of the paragraph is：,答案：,From these statistics and from personal experience it is evident that no one is unaffected by cancer.,Reading Skill Focus,3.There are many stereotypes about the character of p
22、eople in various parts of the United States.In the Northeast and Midwest,people are said to be closed and private.In the South and West,however,they are often thought of as being more open and hospitable.Ask someone from St.Louis where the nearest sandwich shop is,and he or she will politely give yo
23、u directions.A New Yorker might eye you at first and after deciding it is safe to talk to you,might give you a rather unexpected explanation.,Reading Skill Focus,A person from Georgia might be very kind about directing you and even suggest some different places to eat.A Texan just might take you to
24、the place and treat you to lunch.The topic sentence in the paragraph is：,答案：,There are many stereotypes about the character of people in various parts of the United States.,Reading Skill Focus,Today,personal computers cost about as much as good stereo systems,putting them within reach of a substanti
25、al segment of the nations consumers.These machines can play games with you,balance your checkbook,store your recipes or telephone numbers,control your lights and appliances,and manage your familys energy and fuel consumption efficiently.Systems already developed will permit one home computer to be l
26、inked with another by telephone,thereby creating personal computer networks.,Reading Skill Focus,What is the implied main idea of the paragraph?A.Personal computer cost about as much as good stereo system.B.Personal computer can play games with you and do things for you.C.There are advantages to own
27、ing personal computers.D.Personal computers are too expensive for most of the consumers of the nation.,C,_,Comprehensive Reading,Text A How Americans Eat and Drink,Coca-cola is the best-selling soft drink in the world.165 million“Cokes”are sold everyday,from the to the Arctic.But whereas outside the
28、 USA Coke tends to be a young persons drink,inside the USA anybody of any age or can drink it without embarrassment on any occasion.,equator 赤道,equator,income,income 收入,美国人的饮食 可口可乐是全世界销路最好的软饮料（不含酒精的饮料）。从赤道到北极，可口可乐每天的销售量为一亿六千五百万瓶。在美国，任何人，不论年龄大小，收入多少，都可以在任何场合饮用可口可乐，而不至于有何不自在之感。但在美国之外，可口可乐往往是青年人的饮料。,in
29、come n.the money that you earn from your work or that you receive from收入 I lost a steady income after I was fired.自从被辞退后，我就失去了稳定的经济来源。Tourist income is the citys main source of revenue.旅游业是该市的主要收入来源。The income of the company will be used to expand production.公司的这些收益要用于扩大再生产。,embarrassment n.when you
30、 feel embarrassed,or something that makes you feel embarrassed尴尬 We met some financial embarrassment.我们遇到一些财务困难。When he was in trouble,no one came out to save him from embarrassment.在他遇到麻烦时，竟然没有一个人出来帮他解围。,Comprehensive Reading,Coke is not the only“Cola”drink.Pepsi Cola is a well-known rival and has
31、its,for it is not as sweet as Coke.Cola drinks contain from the and are the only soft drinks which are as well as.,devotees,devotee 热爱者,caffeine,caffeine 咖啡因,kola nut,kola nut 可拉果,stimulating,stimulating 刺激的,refreshing,refreshing 提神的,百事可乐是它的著名竞争对手并拥有自己的爱好者，因为它不像可口可乐那么甜。可乐饮料含有从可拉果中提取的咖啡因，并且是惟一的既可提神又有
32、刺激性的软饮料。,stimulating a.(1)making you feel more active刺激的，使人兴奋的 Aerobics is one of the most stimulating forms of exercise.有氧运动是最令人振奋的运动方式之一。(2)exciting or full of new ideas趣味盎然的，激励人的 He looks sharp.Working with him shall be stimulating.他看起来很精明。和他一起工作应该会很振奋。,Comprehensive Reading,There are excellent w
33、ines produced in California which are praised by European,but some Americans prefer stronger stuff.Well-off Americans consume a lot of alcohol in the form ofcocktailmixtures based on like whisky,gin and vodka.,connoisseurs,connoisseur 行家,spirits,spirit 烈性酒,加利福尼亚生产优质的葡萄酒，这些葡萄酒得到了欧洲行家们的赞扬，但有些美国人更喜欢烈性酒
34、。富裕的美国人鸡尾酒，从而消费了大量的酒精饮料，这种酒是用威士忌、杜松子酒和伏特加之类的烈性酒调制而成的。,Comprehensive Reading,Hamburgers and hot dogs are perhaps the best known American foods.Hot dogs between bread rollscan be bought in and from hot dog stands on street corners.And from San Francisco to New York,in cheap or medium-priced restaurant
35、s will be on all the menus,in company with,fried chicken and seafood.,sausages,sausage 香肠,snack bars,snack bar 快餐部；小吃店,hamburgers,hamburger 汉堡包,steaks,steak 牛排,汉堡包和热狗也许是最著名的美国食品了。热狗面包夹香肠可以在街角的快餐柜和热狗摊上买到。从旧金山到纽约的价格低廉的中小饭馆，所有的菜单上都有汉堡包，同时还有牛排、炸鸡和海鲜。,Comprehensive Reading,They come with and.In most case
36、s it is certainly good value for money.For you will be offered apple pie,cake,chocolate layer cake,ice creams and ice cream.No ice cream in the world is more delicious than American ice cream.,French fries,French fries 炸薯条,crisp green salad,crisp green salad 蔬菜沙拉,dessert,dessert 甜点，甜品,sundaes,sundae
37、 圣代,它们与炸薯条和蔬菜色搭配销售。在多数情况下，这点儿钱当然值得一花。要甜点的话，你可以点苹果派、乳酪蛋糕、巧克力夹心蛋糕、冰淇淋和圣代。全世界哪个地方的冰淇淋也没有美国的冰淇淋好吃。,cheese,cheese n.乳酪,Comprehensive Reading,The American for speed has now hit the food business.Many restaurants,in particular the great chain restaurant company,MacDonalds,specialize in“fast food”,food whic
38、h is served at thecounter ready“to go”,or“to take out”.The food,cooked and hot,is into cardboard and plastic,and hot drinks go into plastic cups with tight-fitting lids.,passion,passion 热情，激情,packed,pack 包装，装箱,containers,container 容器,美国人对“快”的情有独钟已经延伸到了餐饮业。许多饭店，尤其是大型连锁餐饮公司“麦当劳”，专门做“快餐”，也就是可以随时在柜台买到或带
39、走的食品。这些已经做好的食物装在纸盒或塑料盒里，都是热的，热饮料则装入盖得很严的塑料杯中。,specialize vi.to limit all or most of your study,business ect.to a particular subject or activity专业从事specialize in I specialize in the sale of cotton piece goods.May I act as your agent?我专营棉布买卖，我可做你们的代理吗？,Comprehensive Reading,There are also drive-in fas
40、t food restaurants,where the customer does not even have to leave his or her car.They first stop at a board where the menu is,give an order through a microphone and then drive another twenty yards,where a girl hands them the meal,ready cooked and packed.,displayed,display 展览，展出,还有无需下车的“路旁”快餐店，顾客甚至用不
41、着离开他们的车。顾客们先在一块写有菜单的牌子前停车，通过麦克风订饭菜，然后再往前开20码，就有女服务员递上做好并打好包的食物。,Comprehensive Reading,People who prefer to eat at a table in the restaurant also receive their food in cardboard or plastic containers,and the knives,forks and spoons are plastic,too.When they have finished,customers throw everything ex
42、cept the into a.,tray,tray 托盘,trash can,trash can 垃圾箱,愿意在饭店里坐在餐桌边进餐的人的食物也同样装在纸盒或塑料盒里，刀、叉、汤匙也都是塑料的。顾客吃完了，除了托盘以外，其余的都扔进垃圾箱。,Comprehensive Reading,In most cities,large and small,you can eat Mexican or Italian food.And even small towns have a coffee shop serving simple meals,drinks of all kindsand excel
43、lent,fresh-made coffee.You sit at the counter,or are served at a table.,在大多数城市里，无论大城市还是小城市，你都可以吃到墨西哥或意大利风味食品。甚至小镇上也有咖啡馆提供简单的饭菜、各种饮料和美味的现煮咖啡。你坐在柜台边或餐桌旁都行。,Comprehensive Reading,The service in restaurants and coffee shops is efficient and friendly.Waiters and waitresses often introduce themselves:Hi!I
44、m Don(or Debbie).What can I get you?”This friendliness is natural and not entirely influenced by the hope of a high.,tip,tip n.小费v.给（侍者）小费,饭店和咖啡馆的服务热情周到，效率很高。服务员经常自我介绍：“嗨！我是多恩（或德比）。您要点儿什么？”这种友好毫不做作，也并不完全是想多得小费。,tip(1)n.a small amount of additional money that you give to someone such as a waiter or a
45、 taxi driver 小费 He felt embarrassed at not having enough money for a tip.他因为没钱付小费而感到难堪。(2)vt.to give an additional amount of money to someone such as a waiter or taxi driver付小费 It is common practice in the US to tip the waiter.在美国给服务生小费是很普遍的现象。,Comprehensive Reading,In any case,people usually tip 15
46、%of the check.One of the pleasantest things about waiters and waitresses is that they your coffee cup several times for no extra charge!,refill,refill 再装满,一般，人们常按账单金额的15付小费。服务员最让人喜欢的一点是他们多次为你的咖啡续杯而无需额外收费！,Comprehensive Reading,Task1 Read Text A and find the topic sentence or implied main idea for ea
47、ch paragraph.,Coca-cola is the best-selling soft drink in the world.(first sentence),Americans also like to drink alcohol.(implied),Hamburgers and hot dogs are perhaps the best known American foods.(first sentence),Comprehensive Reading,The American passion for speed has now hit the food business.(f
48、irst sentence),The service in restaurants and coffee shops is efficient and friendly.(middle sentence),Task 2 Give brief answers to the following questions according to Text A.,Comprehensive Reading,Who drinks Coke outside the USA?2.What is the difference between Coca-Cola and Pepsi Cola?3.What is c
49、ocktail?,答案：,Youngpeople,答案：,Pepsi Cola is not as sweet as Coca-Cola.,答案：,A mixture based on spirits like whisky,gin and vodka,Comprehensive Reading,4.What is the best-known American food?5.What will you have for dessert in American restaurants?6.What is“fast food”?,答案：,Hamburgers and hotdogs,答案：,Ap
50、ple pie,cheese cake,chocolate layer cake,ice cream and ice cream sundae,答案：,Food is served at the counter ready“to go”,or“to take out”.,Comprehensive Reading,7.How are hot drink served in a“fast food”restaurant?8.What is said about service in restaurants and coffee shops?9.How much is an appropriate
