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1、定语从句,思考:1.什么是定语从句？2.什么是先行词？3.什么是关系词？4.关系词的作用和分类？5.关系词如何判定？,6.关系副词与“介词+关系代词”有何关系？7.“介词+关系代词”中，介词怎样判断？8.定语从句可分为几类？有何区别？9.as的用法？10.as和which引导非限制性定语从句的 区别是什么？,定语从句：在复合句中，修饰某一名词 或代词的从句。The girl who is standing there is Mary.先行词 关系词先行词：被定语从句所修饰的词。关系词：引导定语从句的词。,定义,一、关系词的作用:连接作用：引导定语从句，把它和从句连接起来；替代作用：在从句中替代
2、它前面的先行词；成分作用：在从句中总是充当句子成分。二、关系词的分类：关系代词：who,that,whom,which,whose,as关系副词：when,where,why,关系词作用和分类,关系代词的判定,在定语从句中作状语：指地点 where 指时间 when 指原因 why,关系副词和“介词+关系代词”的关系,I still remember the day when I came here.This is the house where I lived last year.There are many reasons why people like traveling.,on the
3、 day=when,in the house=where,for the reasons=why,关系副词有时可同“介词关系代词”互换,on which,in which,for which,介词+关系代词的情况 1,The man whom you spoke was a scientist.The city which she lives is far away.,to,in,介词+关系代词的情况 2,The man who/whom you spoke was a scientist.The city that/which she lives is far away.,to,in,Are
4、 these two sentences right?,介词+关系代词的情况 3,The man who/whom you spoke was a scientist.The city that/which she lives is far away.,to,in,Are these two sentences right?,可见,who、that 不能用与介词之后,介词+关系代词的情况 4,Is this the watch that you are looking for?The old man whom I am looking after is better.,在固定短语中介词不能提前
5、,下面两句中的介词能提前吗?,定语从句,The Restrictive Attributive Clause限制性定语从句,The Non-Restrictive Attributive Clause非限制性定语从句,定语从句的分类,区别：1)限制性定语从句对先行词起修饰限制作用，而非限制性定语从句对先行词起补充说明作用；2）非限制性定语从句中，先行词与定语从句往往用 逗号 隔开，相当于并列句或状语从句。,whose,The house is mine.The window of the house is broken.,The house whose window is broken is
6、mine.,whose=the houses window,The house is mine.,the window of which is broken,of which the window is broken,as 引导的限制性定语从句,This is such an interesting book _ we all like.This is so interesting a book _ we all like.This is the same dictionary _ I used yesterday.This is the same dictionary _ I used ye
7、sterday.This is such an interesting book _we all like it.This is so interesting a book _we all like it.,as,that,as,that,这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书。(定语从句),这本书如此有趣，大家都喜欢。(结果状语从句),that,as,as 引导的非限制性定语从句,The earth is round._ is known to all._ is known to all that the earth is round.The earth is round,_ is known t
8、o all._ is known to all,the earth is round.She was awarded a gold medal,_ delighted all of us.,It,as,As,It,as 具有“正如”之意，与之搭配的动词一般是固定的，如：as you know/as you see/as we planned/as we expected/as is often the case,定语从句在句首时只能用as,which,定语从句的辨认与使用 思考步骤：（1）找出先行词 a.确定关系代词的人称、数和性 b.确定从句位置（一般在先行词之后）（2）确定关系代词在从句中
9、所担任的成分 以确定关系代词（3）确定从句时态 Do you know the boy my mother is talking to?,1.This is the town _ I was born.This is the town _ I visited last week.2.I will never forget the day _ I came to school.I will never forget the day _ I spent with you.3.This is the reason _ he was late.This is the reason _ he told
10、me.,where,which,when,which,why,that,Fill in the blanks with proper preps.This is the book _ which I spent 5 yuan.This is the book _ which I paid 5 yuan.This is the book _ which we can learn a lot.This is the book _ which we often talk.This is the book _ which I wrote down many notes.,on,for,from,about,in,高考中对于where的考查趋于复杂，从先行词为明显的“地点”转化为“地点的模糊化”。事实上，对于这个where这个词，我们不能只理解为表地点。当先行词表示某人/物的situation，或某事所发展的stage，或表达某事的某个方面时都可用where这个关系副词。如：The accident had reached a point where both their parents are to be called in.,
