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1、新概念第一册课文词汇讲解,Lesson 99-100What is the matter?I slipped and fell downstairs.他怎么了？他头疼/感冒了/牙疼。他们怎么了？他们口渴。/他们都得了流感。你怎么了？我昨天在街上滑到了。没事吧？我把我的背摔坏了，腿也骨折了，需要住院一个月。可怜的孩子！我真倒霉！,2.Fall(fell,fell)1)The leaves begin to fall when autumn comes.秋天来临时,树叶开始落下。2)Babies often fall when they are learning to walk.幼儿学步时常会跌跤
2、.3)The wind fell during the night.夜里风力减弱了。4)One after another,all of them fell asleep.那些人一个接一个地睡着了.5)I dont want to fall behind others in English.6)I fall in love with that girl and want to get dibs.,3.Hurt(hurt,hurt)使受伤,伤害;使伤心，使痛心 1)He hurt his leg in the match.他比赛中伤了腿。2)I didnt hurt your pride on
3、purpose.我不是故意伤害你的自尊心。3)You should not hurt your parents.你不应该伤你父母的心。4)My feet hurt when I walk.我走路时脚痛。,I think that I have hurt my back.I am afraid that I cant stand up.I think that the doctor had better see you.The doctor says he will come at once.She says that she is cold.He thinks that he needs an
4、 X-ray.The mechanic knows that he can repair the car.They believe that they will earn more money.I am sure that you will come.I am very sorry that your wife is ill.我们都希望他们会赢。我们都知道地球围绕太阳转。我认为你们都会通过英语考试。,He,saysthinksbelievesknowsunderstandsis afraidis sorryis sure,that he,isfeelshas gotneedswantscanm
5、ustwillis going to,Lesson 101-105Youth:青年时期;青春,活力;青年人,年轻人 1)They studied together in their youth.青少年时期他们就在一起学习。2)She kept her youth.她青春依旧。3)He lost his youth a long time ago.他早已失去了青春活力。4)The youth of today has greater opportunities than ever before.现在的年轻人比以往任何时候都有更多的机会。5)Some youths were standing ne
6、ar the bus stop.一些年轻人正站在车站旁边。,Soon 不久;即刻,马上 1)We shall soon start.我们不久就出发。2)He will go back home soon.3)They will finish their project soon.4)Soon learn,soon forget.快学快遗忘。5)Soon up,soon down.一步登天，一落千丈。,3.Write 写；写信1)When he was very young,he began to learn to read and write.他很小的时候就开始学习读书写字了。2)She wr
7、ites gracefully.她字迹秀丽。3)Lets write a notice of next Fridays meeting.我们来写一份关于下星期五开会的通知。4)He wrote what he saw.他写下了所看到的情况.,5)Write me,and let me know how things go.望来信,谈谈你那儿的情况。6)My son wrote to say he was coming from Paris this week.我的儿子来信说他这个星期从巴黎来。7)She writes that she is leaving tomorrow.她信上说她明天要走
8、。8)I wrote my mother a letter hurriedly.我匆忙地给我母亲写了封信。9)Please write us the result.请把结果函告我们。10)Dont forget to write all the news to me.不要忘记把一切消息都写信告诉我。11)She wrote Bass that his father was not well.她给巴斯写信,说他爸爸身体不舒服。,Lesson 103Pass v.通过，及格；经过，走过；批准；递给1)我认为这个学期我可以通过英语考试。I think(that)I can pass the Engl
9、ish exam this semester.2)The parade passed.游行队伍走过去了。3)When will the ship pass the channel?那轮船什么时候通过这海峡?4)The bill passed and became law.法案通过了,成了法律。,5)A week passed quickly.一星期很快就过去了。6)Helen passed her weekend at her uncles.海伦在她叔叔家过周末。7)Dick passed the football to Jim quickly.狄克迅速地将球传给吉姆。8)After they
10、 passed the forest,they came to a river.他们穿过那个树林后，便来到一条河边。,2.Question n.v.问题，难题，麻烦；询问，质问；怀疑1)I asked you a question and you didnt answer.我问了你一个问题,但你没有回答。2)At the end of the meeting,a number of important questions were still unresolved.会议结束时,一些重大的问题仍悬而未决。3)If you have any questions,ask the director.若
11、有问题,你可问主任。4)Its a difficult question to decide.这是个难以决定的问题。5)The police questioned the witness.警察询问了证人。6)I would never question his honesty.我绝不会怀疑他的诚实。,3.Easy 容易的，不费力的1)That is an easy question.那是一个容易回答的问题。2)He is easy to deal with.他很容易相处。3)It is not easy to climb a bluff mountain.登上陡峭的山可不容易。短语：an ea
12、sy life 安逸生活free and easy 悠然自得,毫不拘束an easy mind 平静的心情an easy pace 从容的步子an easy teacher 不严的教师an easy language 易懂的语言,4.Enough adv.足够的；adj.足够的，充足的1)She plays well enough for a beginner.对于初学者来说,她弹奏得已相当不错了。2)He didnt run fast enough to catch the train.他跑得不够快,没赶上火车。3)Is 100 enough for all your expenses?10
13、0英镑够你全部的花销吗?4)We have enough money to spend.我们有足够的钱花。5)There is enough food for everybody.有足够的食物供大家吃。,5.Fail 失败，不及格；使失望；辜负1)He failed to pass the examination through carelessness.由于粗心,他考试没及格。2)The teacher failed me in mathematics.老师给我数学不及格。3)Some college courses are graded in terms of either a pass
14、or a fail.有些大学课程按及格或不及格评分。4)When I wanted his help,he failed me.当我需要他帮助时,他却使我失望。,6.Hate 憎恨，讨厌；不喜欢1)He hates his little sister because she destroyed all his toys.他讨厌他的小妹妹,因为她弄坏了他所有的玩具。2)I hate Sunday.我讨厌星期天。3)I hate you to use such vulgar words.我讨厌你用这种下流的字眼。4)My cat hates dogs.我家的猫不喜欢狗。5)He hates lea
15、ving(to leave)the office and going on holiday.他不愿离开办公室去度假。,7.Cheer 振作，振奋；欢呼，喝彩1)Your visit has cheered the sick man.你的来访鼓舞了病人。2)When they saw us,they waved and cheered.看到我们时,他们又挥手又欢呼。3)Lets cheer the victory 让我们为胜利而欢呼4)The boys cheered their football team.男孩子们为他们的足球队喊加油。cheer-leader n.啦啦队长cheerless
16、tls adj.无精打采的;cheer up(用话)鼓舞(某人);高兴起来,振奋起来;打起精神来!别灰心!,8.too,very,enoughI could not speak to the boss.He was too busy.They could not see that film.They were too young.I could not go out.It was too cold for me to go out.The questions were too difficult for me to answer.Sth is too+adj.+(for sb)to do st
17、h.I could answer all the questions because they were very easy.Is your brother old enough to be a member of our association?Is that suitcase light enough for you to carry?,9.Lesson 103-104 的形容词 easy,difficult,low,high,clever,stupid,foolish,cheap,expensive,fresh,rotten,stale,loud,hard,sweet,soft,sour
18、,以前学过形容词：rich,poor,beautiful,uncomfortable,slow,fast,quick,pleasant,lucky,absent,ripe,terrible,heavy,tired,thirsty,hard-working,dirty,clean,young,busy,thin,short.,10.I want you/him/her/them to do I dont want you/him/her/them to doDo you want to speak to her?Did you want to see me?I want her to come
19、to my office.I want you to type it again.我希望你仔细考虑一下。我要你立即改正错误。我要你必须在这个星期之前做完作业。我不希望你们错过这部好电影。我不希望他送花给我。我不希望他开车。,动词不定式 由to动词原形构成。不定式是一种非限定性动词。而非限定动词是指那些在句中不能单独充当谓语的动词，可分为不定式，动名词，现在分词和过去分词。“动词不定式”由动词+不定时构成。动词不定式在句中可以作句子除谓语之外的任何句子成分。动词不定式的被动形式除了一般形式外还有其完成式和进行式。,主动形式 被动形式一般式（not)to do(not)to be done 进行式
20、（not)to be doing 无被动完成式（not)to have done(not)to have been done,一、动词不定式作宾语 1)以下动词后，只能跟不定式作宾语 afford（付得起），agree（同意），aim(力求做到),appear（显得），arrange（安排），ask（要求），attempt（试图），care（想要），choose（决定），claim（声称），condescend（屈尊），consent（准许），decide（决定），demand（要求），determine（决心），endeavor（竭力），expect（期待），fail（未履行），help（帮
21、助），hesitate（犹豫），hope（希望），learn（学会），manage（设法），neglect（疏忽），offer（主动提出），plan（计划），prepare（准备），pretend（假装），proceed（接着做），promise（答应），prove（证明），refuse（拒绝），resolve（解决），seem（觉得好像），swear（发誓），tend（往往会），threaten（预示），undertake（承诺），volunteer（自愿做），vow（发誓），want（想要），wish（希望）,The driver failed to see the other car i
22、n time.司机没能及时看见另一辆车。I happen to know the answer to your question.我碰巧知道你那道问题的答案。He wants to buy a car.She hopes to pass the test.He promised to leave soon.The teacher told them to listen to the radio.I will advise you to stop doing it.,2）动词+疑问词+不定式 decide,know,consider forget,learn,remember,show,unde
23、rstand,see,wonder,hear,find out,explain,tellPlease show us how to do that.请演示给我们如何去做。There are so many kinds of tape-recorders on sale that I cant make up my mind which to buy.有这么多的录音机，我都拿不定主意买哪一种。,二、作补语 1)动词+宾语+不定式(to do)adviseallowbelievecausechallengecompeldeclareencourageforbidforcefindhireinduc
24、e instructinvitelikeorderpermitpersuaderemindrequestrequireselectsendsupposetelltrainurgeFather will not allow us to play on the street.父亲不让我们在街上玩耍。We believe him to be guilty.我们相信他是有罪的。,2)to+be 的不定式结构，作补语的动词。Acknowledge,believe,consider,think,declare(声称),discover,fancy(设想),feelfind,guess,judge,imag
25、ine,know,prove,see(理解),show,suppose,take(以为),understand We consider Tom to be one of the best students in our class.我们认为汤姆是班上最好的学生之一。,Itbe形容词for sbto do It is difficult for us to finish writing the composition in a quarter of an hour.Itbe形容词of sbto do It is stupid of you to write down everything the
26、 teacher says.It seems(appears)形容词to do It seemed impossible to save money.,Its easy(for me)to do that.我做这事太容易了。Its so nice to hear your voice.听到你的声音真高兴。Its necessary for you to lock the car when you do not use it.当你不用车的时候，锁车是有必要的。总结：easy,difficult,hard,important,possible,impossible,comfortable,nece
27、ssaryIts very kind of him to help us.他帮助我们，他真好。It was silly of us to believe him.我们真愚蠢，竟然相信了他。总结：Kind,nice,stupid,rude,clever,foolish,thoughtful,thoughtless,brave,considerate(考虑周到的),silly,selfish(自私的),形容词比较级和最高级 英语中大多数形容词是可以分级的，一般有三个等级：原级，比较级最高级。,原级 形容词的本来形式就是形容词的原级。用原级进行比较时可以使用下面两种结构：1.表示比较的双方相等，用”
28、asas”结构，表示“前者像后者一样”，即A+be+as+形容词原级+as+B.e.g.John isastall ashis brother.2.表示比较的双方不相等，用”not asas”结构，表示“前者不如后者”，即:A+be+not as+形容词原级+as+B.e.g.John is not as tall as his brother.,比较级当把一个人或物同另外一个人或物比较时，就需要用到形容词比较级。其结构是：A+be+形容词比较级+than+B.e.g.Jackie is taller than Alex,but Alex is heavier than Jackie.最高级三
29、者或者三者以上的人或物进行比较时，需要使用形容词的最高级。其结构是：A+be+the 形容词最高级+of/in+比较范围.(Note:形容词最高级前面要加 定冠词 the)e.g.Jackie is the tallest in our class.or Jackie is the tallest of all the students.,比较级的几种用法：1，表示倍数，A+be+数词+times+形容词比较级+than+BOur room is twice larger than theirs.我们的房间是他们的两倍大。注：两倍为twice而不是two times.2，表示大多少，多多少，高
30、多少等 A+be+数量词+比较级+than+BShe is two years older than me 她比我大两岁。This stick is three meters longer than that one.,3，用比较级表示最高级 A+be+比较级+than+any other+单数名词，或者，A+be+比较级+than+the other+复数名词He is taller than any other student in the class.他比班上其他的同学都高。4，两个中比较的 A+the+比较级+of the twoHe is the cleverer of the tw
31、o.他是这两个中比较聪明的。,5,越就越 The morethe moreThe richer you are,the happier you will be.The more you want,the less you will get.The harder you study,the better grades you will get.6,more than 多余，超过；less than 少于，不足。He is more than(over)80 years oldI have less than five Yuan.7,修饰比较级的程度可用a lot,many,far,a bit,m
32、uch,等，但不能用very，quite等。I feel much better now 我现在感觉好多了。,不规则形容词的变化原级 比较级 最高级 good better best well better best bad worse worst many more most much more most little less least far farther/further farthest/furthest few fewer fewest old older,elder oldest,eldest,从结构上看，比较级前面不能用very,so,too,quite等作修饰词，但为了表示
33、比较级的程度，可以用much,a lot,a little,a bit,even,still等作修饰词。例如：This box is much heavier than that one.这只箱子比那只箱子重得多。比较级后面往往用连词than连接另一个比较的人或事物，但在上下文明确的情况下，形容词比较级可单独使用。例如：This ruler is very long,but that one is longer.这把尺子很长，那把尺子更长。形容词最高级前通常要加the。但是，当形容词最高级前有序数词、物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格等限定词修饰时，最高级前不加the。如：The Chang ji
34、ang River is the longest river in China.长江是中国第一大河。He is our best teacher.他是我们最好的老师。最高级后面往往用of或in介词短语来表示形容词的最高级的比较范围。of短语所指的范围通常是一群人或一些事物，而不是一个场所；如果指一个场所，则用介词in。例如：He is the strongest of the three.他是三个人中身体最强壮的。He is the strongest in our class.他是我们班里身体最强壮的。,从范围上看，如果在同一范围内，形容词的比较级必须把自己排除掉，即自己不能与自己相比，而最
35、高级必须包含自己。例如：1.他比他班的任何一个学生都高。误：He is taller than any student in his class.(he包括在any student里面)正：He is taller than any other student in his class.(any other student里面已排除了he)2.这块手表是所有手表中最好的。误：This watch is the best of all the other watches.(all the other watches不包含前面的this watch)正：This watch is the best
36、 of all the watches.(all the watches包含前面的this watch)注意：如果不在同一范围内，比较级就不必把前面的主语排除掉。例如：Shanghai is larger than any city in Australia.上海比澳大利亚任何城市都大。(上海不属于澳大利亚，所以city前不必加other)试比较：Shanghai is larger than any other city in China.上海比中国任何一座城市都大。,翻译练习：我们老师的个子比我们高。今天的天气比昨天暖和。这张照片比那张照片漂亮。这次会议不如上次会议重要。太阳比月亮大得多。
37、她是班上最好的学生。上海是中国最大的城市之一。这是我见到的最大的苹果。,Lesson 111-115 Cost n.价钱，价格；代价；费用；成本;牺牲，代价，损失;At last I bought the film rights of a novel at a moderate cost.最终我以适中的价格买下了把小说改编成电影的版权。The scientific books will be sent without cost.这些科学书籍将免费赠送。I promise all costs will be readily returned.我保证所有的费用会迅速偿还。We must finis
38、h the work at all costs before midnight.无论付出什么样的代价,我们必须在午夜前完成这项工作。,Cost vi,vt 付出(代价),失去;估价 How dear the lesson costs!这个教训的代价真大啊！The work cost me a lot of time and effort.这本著作花费了我大量的时间和精力。Has this project been cost?这项工程估价了吗?production cost 生产成本selling cost 销售成本advertising cost 广告费at all costs 不惜任何代价,
39、2.Afford 买得起,担负得起 She cannot afford a new dress.她没钱买新衣裳。We can not afford the time.我们抽不出时间。She cannot afford the expense.她花不起这笔钱。我们没有钱去度假。他能买得起一套住房。,3.Other 别的,其他的,另外的;(两个中的)另一个;其余的,剩下的(人或物)Are there any other problems?还有其他的问题吗?There must be some other reason for him refusing to help.他不肯帮忙,一定另有原因。Ev
40、ery member must bring one other person.每个会员必须带一个人来.The other students in my class work in Jinan.我班其余的同学都在济南工作。She is older than me but my other sisters are younger.她比我大,其余都是我妹妹。,4.WorthWhat is it worth?(How much is it worth?)这值多少钱?It is worth visiting.是值得一游的。That is worth mentioning.那件事值得一提。That cos
41、t is worth considering.这个代价值得考虑。This exhibition is worth watching.这展览值得一看.The worth of higher education.高等教育的价值A person of great worth.具有高尚品德的人,5.Pay 付给;付款;工资This job pays well.这份工作报酬不错。They had to pay rather heavily.他们得付出沉重的代价。I have paid 200 pounds to the milkman this month.我这个月付200英镑给送奶人了。He ough
42、t to pay the rent.他应该付房租。We refused to pay them their wages.我们拒绝付给他们工资。His pay goes up every year.他的工资每年都有增加。,6.Change v.n 改变,改换;变化;兑换(货币)Flyovers have changed the face of the city.立交桥改变了城市的面貌。Passengers to Shanghai will change at this station into another train.到上海的旅客在此站换车。I wish to change some poc
43、ket money.我希望换些零钱。Will you change me five ten-pound notes?你给我换五张十英镑的纸钞好吗?Many old people find it difficult to cope with change.许多老人难以适应变化。He wanted to change from Physics to Chemistry.他想从学物理转学化学。,短语：Things do not change;we change.万事不变，是我们在变。a lucky change 交好运change the subject 改变话题change the date 改期
44、change.into.把变成change jobs 换工作Change methods 转变方法;change sides 转换立场,7.None pron.没有人;一个也没有;一点儿也没有 She has taken a lot of different medicines,but none has cured the disease.她已经服过许多不同的药,但没有一种药能治愈这种病。As a football player he is second to none.作为一名足球队员,谁都超不过他。There were none for him to read.没有人为他朗读。None h
45、as have arrived yet.还没人来。None of money is mine.这笔钱没有一点是我的。None of guests want to stay.客人中没有一个想留下不走的。,短语：None of your sauce!别胡说八道！别乱来！None of our business.不关你的事。None of your lip!不许你顶嘴!Three is none.谚二人成伴，三人不欢。None were unmoved.无不为之感动。,句型：A:Have you got any chocolate?B:I havent got any.Ive got no choc
46、olate.Ive got none.C:I havent any either.Neither have I.A:Have you got any envelopes?B:I havent got any.Ive got no envelopes.Ive got none.C:I havent any either.Neither have I.,8.Either pron.(两者之中)任何一个 Either of the plans is equally dangerous.这两个计划中,哪一个都同样有危险。The news did not shock either of them.这消息
47、没有使他们任何一个人震惊。I dont think either of them are at home.我想他们中任何一个都不在家。I have bought two books,you can have either.我买了两本书,你要哪一本都可以。,adj.(两者中)任一的You may use either computer.两台计算机你可以随便用一台。He could write with either hand.他左右手都能写字。副词 adv.(否定句中)也 He wont go and I wont go either.他不去,我也不去。eitheror 要么要么Either y
48、our watches or mine is wrong.不是你们的表不准,就是我的表不准。Either my watch or your watches _are_ wrong.I have not been to either Paris or Rome.我既没有到过巴黎也没有到过罗马。,9.Except vt.把作为例外；把除外，不包括在内When I say that the boys are lazy,I except you.我说男孩懒惰,并不包括你。You will be punished,I can except no one.你们都得受到惩罚,我不放过任何人。介词 prep.
49、除外 Everybody except us looks down upon him.除了我以外人们都瞧不起他。,I didnt see him,except casually,in two months.我两个月里我只偶尔见过他。I like her except when she is angry.我喜欢她,只要她不发脾气。He could do little except write.他除了会写之外,其他什么都不行。I know nothing about him except that he lives next door.我对他一无所知,只知道他住在隔壁。I received not
50、hing except what was due to me.除了我应得的东西,我并未接受任何东西。,10.Sure 无疑的,确信的,有把握的 I shall certainly be present at the meeting,but I am not sure about my wife.我肯定会出席会议,但是至于我的妻子去不去我就不敢说了。As we have been practicing regularly,we are sure of winning the game this time.因为我们一直在训练,所以这次比赛有把握赢。I am not sure of what he
