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1、英语综合能力四级听力辅导,2011-5-7,Mothers Day in China,The day is becoming more popular in China,and carnations（康乃馨）are a very popular gift and the most sold type of flower.In 1997 it was set as the day to help poor mothers,specially to remind people of the poor mothers in rural areas such as Chinas western reg
2、ion.In the Peoples Daily,the Chinese governments official newspaper,an article explained that despite originating in the United States,people in China take the holiday with no hesitance because it goes in line with the countrys traditional ethics respect to the elderly and filial piety（孝顺）to parents
3、.,In recent years the Communist Party member Li Hanqiu began to advocate for the official adoption of Mothers Day in memory of Meng Mu,the mother of Mng Z,and formed a non-governmental organization called Chinese Mothers Festival Promotion Society,with the support of 100 Confucian scholars and lectu
4、rers of ethics.They also ask to replace the Western gift of carnations with lilies（百合）,which,in ancient times,were planted by Chinese mothers when children left home.It remains an unofficial festival,except in a small number of cities.,Mama,说起送给妈妈的歌，Il Divo的这Mama，每次听都心有戚戚，无数次被它的旋律和歌词感动，开头四句歌词，适合所有的孩
5、子，送给天下所有的妈妈：Mama thank you for who I am Thank you for all the things Im not Forgive me for the words unsaid For the times I forgot.妈妈，谢谢你让我成为现在这样的我，请原谅喔不曾说的爱和感激，原谅我对你的忽视。,mama thank you for who I amthank you for all the things Im notforgive me for the words unsaidfor the timesI forgotmama remember a
6、ll my lifeyou showed me love,you sacrificedthink of those young and early dayshow Ive changed along the wayand I know you believed,and i know you had dreamsand im sorry it took all this time to seethat i am where i am because of your truthi miss you,i miss youmama forgive the times you criedforgive
7、me for not making rightall of the storms i may have caused,and ive been wrong,dry your eyes,dry your eyesand i know you believedand i know you had dreamsand im sorry it took all this time to seethat i am where i am because of your truthi miss you,i miss you,mama i hope this makes you smilei hope you
8、re happy with my lifeat peace with every choice i madehow ive changed along the wayand i know you believed in all my dreamsand i owe it all to youmama,Listening comprehension,一 英语四级听力短对话,根据选项的内容，四级听力短对话可分为事实状况题、行为活动题、观点态度题、地点场景题、谈论话题型、身份关系题和数字信息题七大类。对话内容不同，提问的角度和方式也不同。,一、事实状况题,问题是关于谈话的一方或双方说了什么、所处状态
9、、做某事的原因何在、结果如何等。提问方式通常为：What do we learn from this conversation?What does the man mean?What can be inferred from the conversation?,此类题型解题技巧如下：,1.根据选项特点判断问题类型。这类题目的选项一般都是某种事实情况的陈述，选项中句子的时态以一般过去时或一般现在时居多。2.正确选项一般不会是原文的细节再现。这类题目往往需要考生根据对话内容推测出说话人话语中隐含的事实细节，因此正确选项往往不是对话中的原文照搬，而是对话内容的同义转述，或是根据对话内容推断出的事实细
10、节。,3.注意捕捉选项中的关键词。听音前应提取选项要点，确定听音时应该捕捉的重点内容。一般某事的原因或结果常为考查重点。4.对选项中及录音中涉及的关键信息进行标记，根据问题对号入座。这类题目涉及的是原文中的细节内容，因而有必要将关键信息点加以记录，然后根据问题确定答案。,【真题示例1】(07-6-13),A The man regrets being absent-minded.B The woman saved the man some trouble.C The man placed the reading list on a desk.D The woman emptied the wa
11、ste paper basket.M:I wish I hadnt thrown away that reading list!W:I thought you might regret it.Thats why I picked it up from the waste paper basket and left it on the desk.Q:What do we learn from the conversation?,二、行为活动题,问题是关于谈话的一方或双方做过、正在做、准备去做什么，或一方建议另一方去做什么。提问方式通常为：What will the man/woman most
12、probably do?What are the speakers probably going/trying to do?What does the woman suggest doing?,此类题型解题技巧如下：,1.根据选项特点判断题型。一般来说，这类题目的选项都是动词短语形式，且动词一般为原形或动名词形式。2.听音时留意对话中的动词，尤其注意与选项中动词相关的信息。在留意动词的同时，要记录一些与该动词相关的重要信息，尤其是不止一个选项中的动词在对话中出现的时候，只有留意与其相关的信息，才能根据问题对号入座。3.注意表示请求或建议的句式或短语。,行为活动类试题的对话中经常会包含提出请求或
13、建议的句式或短语，如：Why dont you?What about?Lets;Youd better;If I were you,I would;Id like to;You might as well等，这此句式后面的内容有可能就是建议去做或准备去做的行为活动，很可能与答案直接相关，因此听音时需重点留意。,【真题示例2】(06-6-5),A To find out more about the topic for the seminar.B To make a copy of the schedule for his friend.C To get the seminar schedule
14、 for the woman.D To pick up the woman from the library.W:Do you have the seminar schedule with you?Id like to find out the topic for Friday.M:I gave it to my friend,bur there should be copies available in the library.I can pick one up for you.Q:What does the man promise to do?【解析】行为活动题。本题是问男士答应做什么事。
15、选项均以不定式形式开头，表明本题与目的行为有关。注意对话中的pickup不是表示“接(某人)”，而是表示“取(东西)”。,三、观点态度题,问题是关于谈话一方对另一方或第三方的行为、品德、观点等的态度或评价。提问方式通常为：What does the woman/man mean/imply?How does the woman/man feel about.?What does the woman/man think of?,此类题型解题技巧如下：,1.根据选项特点判断问题类型。观点态度类试题的选项中一般都含有一些引出观点态度的动词或短语，常见的有：think,believe,find,gue
16、ss,imagine,consider,as far as I know等。根据这类线索词判断出试题类型以后，可以更有针对地留意说话人对自己观点态度的陈述。,2.熟悉表示观点态度的常见词语。,表示赞成：approve,agree,share,prefer,wise,reasonable,favorable表示反对：disapprove,disagree,unwise,ridiculous,foolish,childish表示赞赏：admire，appreciate，think much of,think highly of表示喜欢：love,enjoy,wonderful，fascinatin
17、g,funny,be fond of,be keen on表示厌烦：dislike,bored/boring,be tired of表示关心：concerned,careful,care about表示怨恨或生气：hate,hatred,angry,anger,initiated,表示害怕或担心：fearful,frightened,worried,nervous表示批评或讽刺：critical,criticize,ironic，find fault with表示失望或灰心：disappointed,discouraged表示后悔或遗憾：regret,regretful,pity,shame表
18、示漠然或热情：indifferent,detached,careless,enthusiastic表示积极或消极：active,positive,negative表示自信或自负：confident,arrogant,proud表示乐观或悲观：optimistic,pessimistic,3.抓住对话中的一些标识性的词语。,3.听音时应注意抓住一些表示因果、转折、比较或举例等逻辑关系的标识性的词语，如：but,instead,if,when,since,before,after,so 等，尤其是转折后的内容，往往表达作者的真实观点或态度，常为考查重点。4.把握说话人的语气。听音时应注意通过说话人
19、的语气来判断说话人的态度，尤其是反问、疑问、感叹等语气，往往会明显地体现出说话人的态度或观点。,【真题示例3】(06-6-3),A The Edwards are quite well-off.B The Edwards should cut down on their living expenses.C Itll be unwise for the Edwards to buy another house.D Its too expensive for the Edwards to live in their present house.M:How do you like the new p
20、hysician who replaced Dr.Andrew?W:I hear that the Edwards are thinking of buying another house.M:Should they be doing that with all the other expenses they have to pay?Anyhow,they are over 70 now,their present house is not too bad.Q:What does the man imply?【解析】观点态度题。本题是问男士暗示什么。选项中living expenses(生活开
21、支)和buy another house表明对话应与the Edwards的生活开支和购房计划有关。对话中男士用反问语气(should they be doing?)表示反对意见They shouldnt be doing(Itll be unwiseto do)。,四、地点场景题,问题是关于对话发生的场合、地点或者涉及到的人或事物所处的位置。提问方式通常为：Where is the conversation most probably taking place?Where are the two people?,此类题型解题技巧如下,1.单个地点题：抓住与特定地点相关的常用词语。这类题目的对
22、话中一般不会提到具体场所，问题往往要求根据对话内容推测出谈话场所或某人的去向。考生要注意抓取信息词，即与特定地点相关的最常用词语。2.多个地点题：依赖笔记，留意提问中的核心词。这类题目对话中一般会提到几个地点，而就其中某一个进行提问，解题关键在于区分细节，对与选项相关的细节进行速记，并注意抓住提问中的核心词。3.熟悉常考的地点。,四级对话中常涉及的地点场景包括：,诊所或医院(clinic or hospital)餐馆(restaurant)学校或校园(school or campus)书店(bookstore)火车站(railway station)机场(airport)图书馆(library
23、)邮局(post office)银行(bank)旅馆(hotel),【真题示例4】(新06-6-15),A At a clinic.B In a supermarket.C At a restaurant.D In an ice-cream shop.M:Ill have the steak,French Fries,and lets see,chocolate ice-cream for dessert.W:Oh-oh,you know these things will ruin your health,too much fat and sugar,how about ordering s
24、ome vegetables and fruit instead?Q:Where does the conversation most probably take place?【解析】地点场景题。本题是问对话最可能发生在哪。由对话中steak,ice-cream,order等关键词即可推断出对话应该是发生在餐馆。,五、谈论话题题,问题是关于对话中所谈论的话题或对象。提问方式通常为：What are they talking about?What are the speakers talking about?,此类题型的解题技巧如下：,1.根据选项特点判断问题类型。一般来说，这类题目的选项概括性
25、都较强，且通常为短语;另外各选项所陈述的内容往往差别较大。2.捕捉与话题相关的关键词。只要能捕捉到对话中与该话题相关的关键词，往往就可以判断出对话谈论的内容。3.熟悉常考话题相关词语。考生在平时训练中，应留意与某类话题相关的词语并加以记忆。在本章第一讲中，我们将常考话题相关词汇进行了归纳和总结，以供大家巩固记忆。4.注意不要只从对话一方的话语中寻找答案。由于是考查谈话主题，因此双方的话语中应都含有与主题相关的线索词。,六、身份关系题,问题是关于对话中某个人物的职业身份或对话双方的关系等。提问方式通常为：Whats the womans job?What most probably is Mar
26、y?What is the probable relationship between the(two)speakers?What is the most probable relationship between Jim and Bob?,1.注意称呼语。2.捕捉关键词及人物语气。,3.常考职业身份,四级对话中常涉及的职业身份包括：教授(professor)秘书(secretary)医生(doctor)老板(boss)服务员(waiter/waitress)主人(host/hostess)修理工(repairer,plumber,electrician)家庭角色(husband,wife,s
27、on,daughter,girlfriend),4.常考人物关系四级对话中常涉及的人物关系包括：夫妻(husband wife)父子(father son)母子(mother son)师生(teacher student)同学(schoolmate/classmate)同事(colleague)老板与秘书(boss secretary)雇主与雇员(employer employee)医生与病人(doctor patient)服务员与顾客(waiter/waitresscustomer)主人与客人(host/hostess guest)警察与司机(policeman driver)管理员与借阅者
28、(librarian reader)房东与租房者(landlord/landlady tenant),【真题示例6】(03-1-3),A Colleagues.B Husband and wife.C Employer and employee.D Mother and son.W:John,what are you doing on your computer?Dont you remember your promise?M:This is not a game.Its only a crossword puzzle that helps increase my vocabulary.Q:W
29、hat is the probable relationship between the speakers?,七、数字信息题,问题涉及到时间、年龄、数量、速度、价格等信息。提问方式通常为：What time did Suzy leave home?How much does one ticket cost?When is the train leaving?,做这类题的技巧,1.速记信息。这类题目的对话中一般都不会只出现一个数字，因此一定要对出现的数字及相关要点信息进行速记。2.听清问题。做这类题目时，必须清楚地抓住问题是针对什么提问，然后才能根据记录的信息将答案对号入座。3.不要直摄答案。这
30、类题目的答案一般都不会是原文中数字信息的再现，往往需要经过简单的运算才能得出答案,【真题示例7】(04-6-3),A At 10:30.B At 10:25.C At 10:40.D At 10:45.M:So when are the other guys going to get here?The train is leaving in 10 minutes.We cant wait here forever.W:Its 10:30 already.Theyre supposed to be here by now.I told everybody to meet here by 10:1
31、5.Q:When is the train leaving?,英语四六级听力长对话6大边听边记技能,一、抓住首尾句主题句常常是在对话的开头，它对整个对话的内容起一个概括和提示的作用，实际上是说话人所谈论的中心话题。长对话中的第一题很可能是针对对话的开头提问，考查考生对整个对话的主题或所谈话题的把握。结尾处往往涉及到建议、决定或某种行为等，它对整个对话起到一个总结的作用。长对话的最后一题经常是针对对话的结尾设题，故留意其中的关键动词就成了解题的关键。,【例1】(07-6-19),【预览选项】A To go sightseeing.B To have meetings.C To promote a
32、 new champagne.D To join in a training program.【边听边记】M:Hi,Ann,welcome back.Hows your trip to the states?W:Very busy,19I had a lot of meetings.19.Why did the woman go to New York?【答案解析】选B。细节题。对话一开始，男士就问女士去美国的旅行怎么样，女士回答说很忙，她had a lot of meetings(要参加很多会议)，由此可知女士去纽约是去参加会议。,二、留意对话中的一问一答,长对话中，对话双方往往出现多个一问
33、一答，而这一恰恰是长对话的一个出题重点，对话后面问题往往就是对话原文中问题的照搬或是同义转述，因此其答案就是对话中紧接问题之后的答语，而且一般不会有同音或近音词的干扰，因此对于这类题目答案的基本原则就是听到什么选什么。,【例2】(07-6-25),【预览选项】A Data collection.B Training consultancy.C Corporate management.D Information processing.【边听边记】W:Whats your line of business,Mr.Johnson?M:We are a training consultancy.25
34、.What is the mans line of business?,【答案解析】选B。细节题。女士的提问即为本题的提问，答案就在男士接下来的回答中。女士问男士Whats your line of business(做哪一行)，男士回答说We are a training consultancy(我们是培训咨询公司),由此可知答案为B。,三、留意重复率较高的词或短语,对话的主要内容理所当然会得到说话人的强调，而一个非常重要，也是非常明显的强调方式就是重复，而且重复的词语往往能够揭示对话的主题。因此对那些对话双方多次提到的词语或内容应进行重点记忆。,【例3】(710分样卷-22),AThe l
35、atest developments of an armed rebellion in Karnak.BThe fall of Karnaks capital city into the hands of the rebel forces.CThe epidemic that has just broken out in the country of Karnak.DThe peace talks between the rebels and the government in Karnak.【边听边记】,W:We now interrupt our regular scheduled new
36、s program to bring you live up-to-date coverage on the civil unrest in the newly formed country of Karnak,where our man Stan Fielding is stationed.Stan.M:,rebel forces launched the biggest offensive against the ruling government in the 18-month conflict here in this country.M:,rebel forces are also
37、using heavy artillery to pound the positions of government forces around the city center.Rebel forces are closing in,M:this war-torn country,but that is always a concern if this war lingers on.22.What is the news coverage mainly about?。,【答案解析】选A。主旨题。主旨题的答案往往在开头或结尾，而本题的答案即出自开头的第一句。选项中的latest(最新的)对应该句
38、中的live up-to-date(最新直播)，armed rebellion(武装叛乱)对应unrest(动乱)。另外，对话的主题往往会得到多次重复，因此根据后面多次出现的rebel forces,conflict,war等与“叛乱”相关的词语，也可判断本题答案为A,四、留意选项中的要点内容,正确选项往往与原文相似，或是原文的同义表达，因此应注意提取选项中的关键点，在听音时留意其是否在文中出现并加以记录。【例4】(710分样卷-25)【预览选项】A Inadequate medical care.B Continuing social unrest.C Lack of food,water
39、and shelter.D Rapid spreading of the epidemic,【边听边记】W:what other pressing concerns are there for the citizens of the city?M:Well,since the beginning of the conflict,starvation,and lack of clean water and adequate shelter have been the biggest daily obstacles facing the citizens of this war-torn coun
40、try.25.What is the pressing concern of the citizens of Karnack?,【答案解析】选C。细节题。四个选项中只有C项内容在对话中出现，其他三项均未涉及到，故只要抓住对话中starvation,and lack of clean water and adequate shelter或其部分内容，即可判断答案为C。starvation意为“饥饿”。,五、留意数字、人名、地名、时间、年代等相关信息,遇到数字、人名、地名、时间、年代时要对相关信息做简要记录，尤其是选项中出现类似的概念时，在听音时更应重点留意。【例5】(710分样卷-24)【预览选
41、项】A Late in the morning.B Early in the afternoon.C Sometime before dawn.D Shortly after sunrise.【边听边记】,M:Rebel forces are closing in,and its feared tha they will be able to take the capital building before daybreak where,it is believed,many government officials are holding out.24.At what time of day
42、 do you think this news report is being made?【答案解析】选C。细节题。根据原文中its feared that they will before daybreak.可知，当时报道的时间应该是在before daybreak(黎明破晓前)。dawn相当于daybreak。,六、注意使用缩略语,记笔记一定要迅速，而要想在有限的时间内尽可能比较全面的记录重点信息，使用一定的缩略语和熟悉的符号是十分必要的，主要有以下几种方法：1.利用数学符号。如equal写成“=”;“”表示“unequal”;“”代表increase/up;“”表示result from
43、/because/since/for/as;“”代表lead to/result in/has become/turn into;“”表示decrease/drop/dip/fall;“”代表about/almost;表示more than;表示 less than;“+”代表include/cover;“-”则是exclude等。,2.利用数字和其他固定符号。能用数字或其他固定符号代表的词全部用阿拉伯数字或符号，这样既能节约时间，又能避免拼写错误，如：twenty写成 20;nineteen eighty four记作1984;$=dollar;=pound;11 in the morning=11 am;11 in the evening=11 pm等。3.创造自己的速写符号。在平时的训练中也可以使用和创造一些符合自己习惯的缩略语和符号，如u可代表understand(ing);m可代表mean(ing);m=minute;s=second;h=hour;imp.=important/importance;nec.=necessary等。,祝福所有的母亲节日快乐,Best wishes for mothers,
