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1、4.NATIONALI.IFIFOFCITIESclKTfeolVaftMSAPathTowardSafeandEquitableCitiesRecommendationsfromtheNLCReimaginingPublicSafetyTaskForce1.etterfromNLCCEOandExecutiveDirectorTheNationalLeagueofCities(NLC)hasbeensupportingcitiesastheyreviewtheircurrentpublicsafetysystemsandconsidernew,equitable,andinnovativev
2、isionsoflocalsafety.AfteradeeplyinspirationalconversationwithMayorsandCouncilmembersduringaNationalForumheldinSeptember2020,weknewthatwehadtobringtogetherourmemberstodiscussthisimportantissueofpublicsafetyforallresidentsandwhatcanbedonebetter.GeorgeFloyd,BreonnaTaylor,WalterWallaceJr.,ElijahMcClain-
3、allnamesweknowduetotheiruntimelydeathsatthehandsoflocallawenforcement.ForBlack,LatinxandIndigenouscommunities,thesenamesrepresentalongandcontentioushistorywithlawenforcement.Weknowthatitwilltakeacollaborativeefforttostopthislistofnamesfromgrowing.Iamproudtoseecitiesleadingthechargeonrethinkingpublic
4、safetyandutilizingtheirinfluencetobringtogetherstakeholders,changepolicyandaddressthehistoricstrugglesthatmembersoftheircommunities,face.Reimaginingpublicsafetyisaboutevolvingpublicsafetysystems,sustainingpositivereforms,andmanagingthisheavytaskalongwiththedailychallengesoflocalelectedofficials.InFe
5、bruaryof2021,NLClaunchedtheReimaginingPublicSafetyTaskForcemadeupoflocalleadersfromacrossthecountry.OurworkwiththeTaskForceprovidedusanopportunitytomeetthemomentandsupportlocalleadershipintheirtransformations.Duringthepastseveralmonths,NLCTaskForcemembersupliftedsafetyinitiatives,ideasandconversatio
6、nsandtheysupportedoneanotherduringchallengingtimesforourcountry.IwanttothankMayorRasBarakaandMayorDavidHoltforleadingourTaskForce,ourpartnersfortheircollaborationandtheJonhD.andCatherineT.MacArthurFoundationforsupportingourwork.Itwassogreattoseeourtaskforcememberscometogetheraroundtheserecommendatio
7、ns,andIhopethatthroughthiswork,wewillcollectivelyinspireandsupporttransformation.NLCiscommittedtosupportingcities.Werecognizethatthisisnoteasyworkbutitisnecessarytoachievenewvisionsofsafetyandwearehereasapartnertohelplocalleadersnavigatechallengesalongsidetheircommunities.Thankyou,CLARENCEE.ANTHONYC
8、EOandExecutiveDirectorNationalLeagueofCitiesLetterfromCo-ChairsThemurderofGeorgeFloydwasaturningpointforourcountry,amomentthatresonatedwithAmericanseverywhere,causingmanytotaketothestreetsinnumbersnotseenindecades.Aselectedofficials,wehaveanobligationtolistentoourresidentsinthesemomentsandtoact.Webe
9、lievethatanyfunctionofgovernmentcanbeimproved,andthatincludesthedeliveryofpublicsafety.Thetraumaandpainexperiencedbyresidentsduetosystemicdisinvestmentincommunities-specificallyinBlack,LatinxandIndigenouscommunities-mustbeaddressedholisticallyandthroughtransformationsthatstartatthelocallevel.Thisdem
10、andsahardlookateachcommunitysvisionforpublicsafety,accountability,andtheopportunityforresidentstonotonlytobeconsultedaboutdesiredoutcomesbutalsotofullyowntheprocessofreimaginingpublicsafety.Whileweknowthereisalotofworkaheadtomeetthesechallenges,localleadersacrossthecountryaretakingstepstowardsinnova
11、tioninpublicsafety.Theyareinfact,re-imaginingthedesign,structure,standards,andeffectivenessofpublicsafetyfortheircommunities.TheNLCReimaginingPublicSafetyTaskForcewasformedinhopesofcomingtogetheraroundasetofrecommendationsandactionitemsforcityleadersandtheircommunities.Ourinitialgoalswereto:Setouta2
12、1st-centurypublicsafetyagendaforAmericasmmunities;Highlightpromisingpublicsafetyandjusticereformpracticesinmunicipalitiesandidentifykeyareasforimprovementandopportunitiestoscale;Amplifythevoicesoflocalleadersinjusticereformandpublicsafety.Overseveralmonths,weheldmeetingsandlisteningsessions-diggingd
13、eepintowhatcities,expertsandcommunitieswerefeeling,upliftinganddoingtomovetowardamoreequitablevisionofpublicsafety.MuchofourworkwassupportedbynationalexpertsincludingtheVeraInstituteofJustice,UrbanInstitute,CitiesUnitedandJohnJayCollegeofCriminalJustice.Theresultofthisworkisasetofrecommendationsforc
14、itiestoconsider-includedinthisreport.Additionally,asupplementaltoolkitissetforreleasetoserveasaguideastohowtobestmovetowardimplementation.Astheco-chairsoftheReimaginingPublicSafetyTaskForce-weareproudtosupportandencouragemunicipalitiesacrossthecountryincarryingouttheserecommendationsthroughlocalacti
15、on.MayorRasJBarakaMayorDavidHoltNEWARK,NJOKLAHOMACITY,OKReimaginingPublicSafetyTaskForceMembershipCo-ChairsRas J. Baraka,MayorNewark, NJDavid HoltMayorOklahoma City, OKMembersSharon WestonBroomeMayorBaton Rouger LAJoe BuscainoCouncilmemberLos Angeles, CAPhillipe CunninghamCouncilmember Minneapolis,
16、MNCameron DiehlState League Director Utah League of Cities and TownsJayH.BanksCouncilmemberNewOrleans,LAKeithBlockerDeputyMayorTacoma,WAJohnEngenNikkiFortunato-BasJamleR.GauthierTimKellerChantiaLewisJaneeseLewis-MayorCouncilPresidentCouncilmemberMayorAiderwomanGeorgeMissoula,MTOakland,CAPhiladelphia
17、,PAAlbuquerque,NMMilwaukee,WlCouncilmemberWashington,DCWlllieLightfootD.LoveGeneMcGeeAideeNievesStevenReedEmmanuelV.RemyCouncilVicePresidentMayorMayorCouncilPresidentMayorCouncilmemberRochester.NYCenterville.MNRidgeland.MSBridgeport,CTMontgomery.ALColumbus,OHVince WilliamsMayorUnion City, GAMonicaRo
18、driguezCouncilmemberLosAngeles,CABrandonM.ScottMayorBaltimore,MD1.indaThompsonCouncilmemberSpokaneValley.WARandallL.WoodfinMayorBirmingham,ALIntroductionTheyear2020washistoricformanyreasons.Inadditiontotheonsetofaglobalpandemic,municipalleadersheardoutcriestoreimaginepublicsafetyringlouderthanever.T
19、hemurderofGeorgeFloydsparkedinternationaloutrageandlocalleaderstooknotice.InadditiontoGeorgeFloyd,nameslikeBreonnaTaylor,ElijahMcClain,TonyMcDadeandmorebecamesynonymouswiththemovementtowardjusticeduetotheirtragiclossoflife.Whereasmanyfactorspositivelyinfluencepublicsafetyfromthephysicalenvironmentto
20、accesstoqualityhealthcare,toeducationandemployment,municipalitiesalltoooftentreatpublicsafetyasthefunctionoflawenforcementalone.Historicallyanduptotoday-Black,LatinxandIndigenouscommunitiesfacedisparatenegativeimpactsofthesesystems.Totrulyreimaginepublicsafety,recognitionofthishistoryandhowitledtoth
21、enationaluprisingof2020,isanimportantfirststep.WhattheDataTellsUs:TheWaShinqtorlPOSthasbeentrackingfatalpoliceshootingssince2015.Atarateof37permillion,BlackAmericansaremorethantwiceaslikelytobekilledbypolicethanWhiteAmericans.ThetrackeralsorevealsdisparatiesinbothLatinxandIndigenouscommunities.“Thei
22、nterconnectednatureofmentalhealth,physicalhealth,policeviolence,communityviolenceandtraumahasreachedaboilingpointanditisuptoallofusaselectedofficialstothinkbeyondwhatwehavealwaysdone.”COUNCILMEMBERJAMIEGAUTHIER,Philadelphia,PATherelianceonpolicetomaintainsystemsofpublicsafetyresultsinoverwhelmeddepa
23、rtmentsandtheoverutilizationofjailsandprisons-whichsubsequentlycauseharmtomanycommunities.Communitycentered,equitablepublicsafetysystemsbetterengagediversestakeholdersandleverageresourcestocollaborativelyaddresssafetyissues.Foroversixmonths,NLC,sReimaginingPublicSafetyTaskForceheldmeetingsandlisteni
24、ngsessionstohighlightlocalinnovationsandevidence-basedpracticesinareassuchasviolenceinterventionandinterruption,alternativeresponse,youthandyoungadultengagement,theuseofcrediblemessengers,accountabilityandmore.MadeupofMayorsandCouncilmembersfromadiversesetofcities,theTaskForceopenlyexploredinnovatio
25、n,discussedhardshipsandcommittedtomakechange.Tofulfillthepromiseofthisuniquemomentandtheircollectivegoals,theNLCReimaginingPublicSafetyTaskForcerecommendsthatcityleadersconsideractinginRecommendationoneDirectmunicipalgovernmentleadershiptowardprovidingsafetyandwell-beingforallThetimehascomeforthelea
26、dersofthenationscities,towns,andvillagestodeclarethatcommunitysafetyrequiresabroaderandmoreholisticdefinitionincludingthecomponentsofpublichealthandwell-being,andthatcitiescanmakestructuralchangestoalignlocalpoliciestothisnewdefinition.Ourpresentframingforpublicsafetyisinsufficient.Theframeworkneeds
27、expansionbeyondthetraditionaluseofthewordsafetytoembraceafarbroadersetofconditionsandcircumstancesthatcenterpublichealthormoresimply,well-being.Thisfocusonpublichealthplacesanemphasisonlivingconditionsfreeofhazardsthatcauseillnessorcontributetohousinginstability;ontheavailabilityofjobsthatpayaliving
28、wage;onaccesstowell-maintainedopenspacesandabuiltenvironmentthatdeliverscleanairandwater,usablestreets,andreliabletechnologyconnections.Thisrequiresdeepandcomplexpublicdiscussionsandjointdecisionsaboutsharedgoals.Inaddition,theindicatorsandmeasurementstodetermineprogressonthesegoalswillnecessarilych
29、angeandexpand.Insteadofonlymeasuring,forexample,arrestratesorjailpopulations,newdescriptorsofimprovementswillmeasurehousingconditions,economicmobilityopportunities,andracialequityoutcomes.“Wemedicateorincarcerate-wedonotaddressthoserootcauses,thosefundamentalissues-issuesaroundincomeinequality,racis
30、m,classism,sexism(thelistgoesonandon).Wearetreatingsymptoms-RECOMMENDATIONTWOBalancetherespectiverolesofgovernmentagencies,residents,andpartners.Implementinganew,balancedframeworkforpublicsafetyandwell-being,inamannerthatpromotestrust,requirescityleaderstocenterresidentengagementprocessesthroughout-
31、specificallytoincreasetheengagementandinputofBlack,LatinxandIndigenouscommunitiesthatdisproportionatelyfacethemostacutesafetyissuesbothbecauseofdisinvestmentandthenegativeimpactsofthecriminaljusticesystem.Suchengagementcaninforminitialformationofpoliciesandindicatorsaswellassubsequentreviewsofresult
32、sandlaythegroundworkforstructuringnewwaystomanageawiderangeofsituationsthroughincreasedtransparencyandcollaboration.Adjustingtothenewframeworkalsomeansredefiningthescopeandrolesofgovernmentagencies,somethingthatcommunitieshavedemandedandforwhichmanypoliceleadershaveasked,inlieuofhavingtheirdepartmen
33、tsholdperceivedoractualsoleresponsibilityforprovidingpublicsafety.Further,abroaderframeworknecessitatesinvolvementofthewiderrangeofcommunity-andcounty-basedpartnerswiththeabilitytocontributetosafetyandwell-being.Notably,thisbalancingexerciseimpliesconsiderationofcitybudgetresourcesandotherneworlever
34、agedfundsaroundanewvision,andaligningspendingaccordingtorole,scope,andrelativecontributionstosafetyandwellbeing.OnJuly12,2021,theBiden-HarrisadministrationreleasedamemoadvisingLocalandStateGovernmentsonhowtheycanandshouldusethehistoric$65.1billioninlocalfundingthroughtheAmericanRescuePlan(ARP)toprev
35、entviolenceandimprovepublicsafety.Thememopointstoearlyactionandmomentumincitiesacrossthecountrytoutilizetherescueplanasacatalystforchange.Bothasapartoftheirrescueplanstrategyandlongtermeffortstowardcommunitysafety,citiesaretakingtheleadonstrategiestoaddressviolenceandcrimeholistically.“Inabubble,wed
36、evisepoliciesandthenwewonderwhypeopledon,tgetitbecausewehaven,tbroughtthemintotheprocess,soIthinkdoingit,nottothecommunity,butwiththeCommunity9isimportant.”COMMISSIONERDERMOTSHEA,NYPDRECOMMENDATIONTHREESignificantlyexpandtheuseofcivilian-ledandcommunitybasedwell-beingandprevention-focusedstrategies.
37、Buildinguponthemomentumestablishedinnumerouscitiesthathavealreadybeguntoseepromisingresults,municipalleadersshouldexpandcivilianresponsemechanismsforemergencyandcrisisresponsecalls.Thisentailsconnectingpeopleinneedtothemostrelevantservicesandsupport,whilereducingrelianceonarmed,uniformedresponse.Inp
38、arallel,andtomeetthechallengeofgunanddomesticviolence,cityleadersshouldrampupuseofeffectivecommunity-basedstrategiesforviolenceprevention,intervention,andreduction.Acrosscrisisresponseandviolencereduction,localleaderswilldowelltorelyontrauma-informedpractices,utilizecrediblemessengers,andadoptrestor
39、ativejusticemechanismsasalternativesfordisputeandconflictresolution.“We(youngadults)needaccesstoequitableresources.Weneedsupport.Weareinsurvivalmode,andinthatmindsetoneslipcanbedetrimental.”JAHTIEHPOSTELL,PowerCorpsCamdenRECOMMENDATIONFOUREmbracefullandtransparentoversightandaccountabilityforlawenfo
40、rcement.Toincreasetrustandimprovetherelationshipbetweenallmembersofthecommunityandlocallawenforcement,cityleadersmustaddressseveralkeyareasthatfulfilltheirultimateresponsibilityforpublicsafetyandwell-being.Thisinvolvesupdatingthestructuresforsetting,publicizing,andevaluatingprogressofpublicsafetyand
41、therelatedmechanismsforallocatingresourcestoachieveoutlinedgoals.Exercisingoversighttoachieveaccountabilitymeansevaluatingandre-formulatinginvestigative,standard-setting,anddisciplinaryprocesseswithintheexecutivebranch,citycouncil,andindependentcivilianreviewbodieswheresuchexist.Italsomeansworkingwi
42、thlaborunionstobringthenextroundofcontractsreachedthroughcollectivebargainingintoconformancewithaccountability-drivenoversightandupdatedpublicsafetyandwell-beinggoals.“Wecannotsimplykeepdoingwhatwehavealwaysdoneoractinperformativewaystomomentarilyappeasethoseweserve.Nowisthetimeforrealchange.”COUNCI
43、LMEMBERPHILLIPECUNNINGHAM,Minneapolis,MNRECOMMENDATIONFIVESeekguidanceandsupportfrompeersandexpertswiththeassistanceofNLC.Beginningandpursuingalocalefforttotransformacitysapproachtoachievingpublicsafetyrepresentsadauntingandoftenthanklesstaskforanyleader.Thisisespeciallytrueascitiesalsoseektorecover
44、andrebuildfromthepandemicandaddressmultiplechallengesrequiringelectedofficialsattention.Aspartofthelocaldecision-makingprocess,thehealthandwell-beingoflocalelectedleadersshouldalsobeprioritized.NLChasastrongcommitmenttoprotectingthewellbeingofcityleaders,inpartthroughprovidingstructuredandinformalco
45、nnectionstopeersandquickaccesstopolicyexpertiseandthemostpromisingpractices.Inthislight,cityleadersundertakingthestepsdescribedinthefirstfourrecommendationscancountonNLC1aswellaspartnerssuchasVeraInstituteofJustice,UrbanInstitute,CitiesUnitedandJohnJayCollegeofCriminalJusticeforsupport.wNearlyeveryC
46、ommUlIityhasbeenchallengedthispastyeartoevaluateitspublicsafetyfunctions,andeverycommunitywillultimatelydevelopitsownanswerstothequestionsthathavebeenraised.IthinkthroughNLCwecanhelpeachotherthinkthroughwhattheoptionsare,byconsideringwhatisbeingtriedinothercommunities.”MAYORDAVIDHOLT,OklahomaCity,OK
47、ConclusionThisreportcontainsthehigh-levelrecommendationsoftheNLCReimaginingPublicSafetyTaskForce,formunicipalleaderstoconsiderastheycontinue-orbegin-theirlocaljourneytoreimaginepublicsafety.Throughcollaborationwiththeirresidents,theserecommendationscanshapepolicyandpracticereformandtransformationoft
48、hewaycitiesprovidepublicsafety,inavarietyofways.ThesupplementalNLCReimaginingPublicSafetyToolkit-setforreleaseinNovember2021-willprovideadditionalcontext,actionablestepsforlocalleaderstotakeandtangibleexamplestofurtherdevelopcityeffortstowardmoreequity-drivensafetysystems.“Wearetalkingaboutwellness.Wearetalkingaboutholistichealthinourcommunities.Thatiswhatpublicsafetyisallabout-notjusttheabsenceofviolence-butthepresenceofwellness.Weneedmorethanthepolicedepartmenttocreat
