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1、美国名人黑人女低音歌唱家玛丽安安德森2MarianAnderson:75ThousandPeopleHeardHerSingattheLincolnMemorialinWashington,D.C.playstopmutemaxvolume00:00-15:46repeatByShelleyGollust2006-1-14(MUSIC)VOICEONE:mShirleyGriffith.VOICETWO:AndmSteveEmberwithPeopleinAmericainVOASpecialEnglish.Today,wecompletethestoryofsingerMarianAnder
2、son.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:MarianAndersonwasborninPhiladelphia,Pennsylvaniaintheearlynineteenhundreds.Shebegansinginginchurch.Soon,herrichdeepvoicebecamewidelyknowninthearea.MarianAndersonlovedopera.Atthattime,however,blacksingerswerenotpermittedinwhiteoperacompaniesintheUnitedStates.Sosheperformedasaconce
3、rtartistinstead.HerfirstconcertinNewYorkCitywasnotsuccessful.Shefeltdefeatedanddidnotsingagaininpublicformanymonths.Thenhermotherbecamesick.Andersonknewshewouldhavetoworktokeepherfamilytogether.Singingwasherwork.VOICETWO:InthenineteentwentiesMarianAndersonwontwosingingcompetitions.ShesanginNewYorkwi
4、ththePhilharmonicOrchestra.Thisconcertwasahugesuccess.Shesignedanagreementtoperforminothercities.Mostofthetime,onlyblackpeopleattendedherconcerts.WhenshewasinthesouthernpartoftheUnitedStates,shewasnotpermittedtostayinhotelsforwhitepeople.Shedidnotletracialhatredaffecthermusic.Yetsheknewshewouldnever
5、becompletelysuccessfuluntilshecouldsingforallpeople.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:Innineteenthirty,MarianAndersonreceivedmoneytostudymusicinLondon.Inthosedays,Europeseemedtobetheonlyplacewhereablackartistcouldgainrecognition.SoMariantraveledtoEurope.Manyyearslater,shedescribedherexperiencethere:Iwasmadetofeelwelc
6、ome,evenatahotel.Peopleacceptedmeasaperson.Theyjudgedmeformyqualitiesasahumanbeingandanartist.Nothingelse.VOICETWO:Inthenineteenthirties,AndersonstudiedandperformedinLondonandBerlin,Germany.Shegavefewconcertsatfirst.ThenshewasinvitedtogiveaseriesofconcertsinSweden.ThemusicianKostiVehanenplayedthepia
7、noatMariansconcerts.Hesaidhervoicewassopowerfulthatitseemedtocomefromundertheearth.Hedescribeditasavoicethatoverflowedwithadeep,tragicfeeling.MarianAndersonhadherfirstgreatsuccessinSweden.TheSwedishpeoplelovedhervoice.Theyespeciallylikedthespiritualsshesang.FewofthemhadheardthiskindofAmericanmusicbe
8、fore.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:MarianAndersontraveledthroughthecountriesofScandinavia.Peoplepraisedhersingingeverywhereshewent.InHelsinki,FinlandshesangforthefamousFinnishComposerJeanSibelius.Hetoldher:Theroofofmyhouseistoolowforyourvoice.AndersonsanginScandinaviaforthreeconcertseasons.ShesangforthekingsofDen
9、markandSweden.Finally,shedecidedtoreturntotheUnitedStates.Shesaidshewantedtotestherselfinherowncountry.VOICETWO:NewsofhersuccessinScandinaviadidnotmeanmuchtoconcerthallownersintheUnitedStates.Theyknewblackconcertsingerswerenotpopular.Andersonwasbackwhereshebegan-singingatchurchesandsmallgatherings.S
10、hedecidedtogobacktoEurope.Again,shewasgreetedwarmly.ThefamousItalianorchestraconductorArturoToscaniniheardhersinginAustria.Aftertheconcerthesaid:Shehasavoicethatonehearsonlyonceinahundredyears.Toscaniniscommentspreadthroughouttheworldofmusic.Finally,MarianAndersonwasfamous.ShereturnedtotheUnitedStat
11、esandsangallaroundthecountry.Innineteenthirty-fivesheappearedforthesecondtimeatTownHallinNewYork.Thistimeshewasagreatsuccess.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:MarianAndersongaveconcertsinnorthernandsoutherncities.Shefirmlybelievedthathermusicwasthebestweaponagainstracialhatred.AtoneconcertinthesouthernstateofMississi
12、ppi,Andersonsawthathersingingcouldbringpeopletogether.Ithadbeenalongconcert.Yetthecrowdkeptcallingformore.Marianaskedtheaudiencetojoinherinsingingonelastsong.Thepeoplestood.Blackpeopleandwhitepeoplesangtogether,sidebyside.Thelocalnewspaperdescribedwhathappened:Sometimesthehumanspiritrisesaboveitseta
13、boveracialprejudice.VOICETWO:Anotherincidentbecamefamousaroundtheworld.MarianAndersonwastosinginWashington,D.C.atConstitutionHall.ThisconcerthallwasownedbyanorganizationcalledtheDaughtersoftheAmericanRevolution,orD.A.R.TheD.A.R.wouldnotpermitAndersontoperformintheconcerthallbecauseshewasblack.Manype
14、opleprotested,includingEleanorRooseveltzthewifeoftheAmericanpresident.WithMissusRooseveltshelp,AndersonwasabletosingforanevenbiggercrowdinWashington.Shegaveafreeconcertintheopenair,neartheLincolnmemorial.Seventy-fivethousandpeopleattendedthatconcertonEasterSunday,Aprilninth,nineteenthirty-nine.Years
15、IaterzAndersondescribedhowshefeltonthatday:VOICEONE:Thereseemedtobepeopleasfarastheeyecouldsee.Ifeltthatagreatwaveofgoodwillpouredoutfromthosepeople.WhenIsawthem,myheartjumpedwildly.Icouldnottalk.IwonderedifIwouldbeabletosing.VOICETWO:MarianAndersondidsing.Andseventy-fivethousandvoices-blackandwhite
16、-joinedwithhers.TheysangthenationalsongoftheUnitedStates.ThentheylistenedasshesanganothersongaboutAmerica.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:Innineteenfifty-five,MarianAndersonwasaskedtosingwiththeNewYorkMetropolitanOperacompany.ItwasthefirsttimeablacksingerperformedregularlywithanAmericanoperagroup.MarianAndersonspre
17、sencemadeitpossibleforotherblacksingerstobecomeoperasingersintheUnitedStates.VOICETWO:MarianAndersonreceivedmanyhonorsandawardsduringherlife.Innineteenfifty-eightshewasappointedadelegatetotheUnitedNations,expandingherjobasgoodwillambassadoroftheUnitedStates.ShereceivedthePresidentialMedalofFreedomin
18、nineteensixty-three.Andersonretiredfromsingingtwoyearslater.Shelivedquietlywithherhusband,OrpheusFisher,inthestateofConnecticut.Afterhedied,shelivedwithhersistersson,orchestraconductorJamesDePriest.MarianAndersondiedinnineteenninety-threeattheageofninety-six.Expertssaysheisrememberednotonlyforthequalityofhervoice,butalsobecauseofthewayshecarriedoutherrighttobeheard.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:ThisprogramwaswrittenbyShelleyGollust.ItwasproducedbyLawanDavis.mShirleyGriffith.VOICETWO:AndmSteveEmber.JoinusagainnextweekforPeopleinAmericainVOASpecialEnglish.
