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1、美国名人收藏家伊莎贝拉斯图尔特加德纳IsabellaStewartGardner,1840-1924:SheCreatedArtMuseuminHerHomeplaystopmutemaxvolume00:00-15:08repeatByDanaDemange2009-1-10VOICEONE:mSteveEmber.VOICETWO:AndmBarbaraKleinwithPEOPLEINAMERICAinVOASpecialEnglish.Todaywetellabouttheartcollectorandculturalsupporter,IsabellaStewartGardner.D
2、uringthelatenineteenthcentury,shetraveledaroundtheworldtolearnaboutforeignculturesandimproveherknowledgeofart.MissusGardnerwasacelebratedartsandcommunitysupporterinherhometownofBoston,Massachusetts.Shespentherlateryearsturningherhomeandartcollectionintoabeautifulmuseumforthepublictoenjoy.(MUSIC)VOIC
3、EONE:TheIsabellaStewartGardnermuseumdoesnotseemlikeamuseum.Itlookslikewhatitis:alarge,beautifulhomebuiltinthestyleofsixteenthcenturyItaly.Butthishomecontainsovertwothousandpiecesofartorganizedfromroomtoroombyperiodandbygeography.VOICETWO:TheRaphaelRoomThecollectionincludespaintings,sculpture,rareboo
4、ks,jewelry,andpiecesofancientbuildings.Forexample,theBlueRoomcontainspaintingsbynineteenthcenturyartistsincludingEdouardManetandEugeneDelacroix.ItalsocontainsfinelymadefurnitureanddisplaysoflettersfrommanyfamousAmericanwriterswhowerefriendsofMissusGardnerduringherlifetime.Fromthisroom,youcanexploret
5、henearbyChineseLoggia,orgoupstairstoseetheItalianarthungonthedeepredwallsoftheRaphaelRoom.VOICEONE:Thefourlevelsofroomscenteronabeautifulcourtyardwithaglassceilingtoletlightshinein.Theartcollectionisorganizedinawaythatiswarmandpersonal.Soyoufeellikeyouareaguestinahomeinsteadofavisitorinahuge,imperso
6、nalmuseum.Thismuseumisoneofakind.ItistheonlyprivateartcollectionintheUnitedStatesthathadonepersondesignthebuilding,thecollectionandthewayinwhichtheartishung.Letuslearnmoreaboutthisinterestingwomanwhodevotedherlifetoart.(MUSIC)VOICETWO:IsabellaStewartwasborninNewYorkCityineighteenforty.Herfather,Davi
7、dStewart,madeagreatdealofmoneyinthetradeoflinenclothandiron.IsabellawenttoprivateschoolsinNewYorkandinParis,France,whereherfamilylivedfortwoyears.Duringthistime,herparentstookhertoItalytoexplorethecountrysmanyculturaltreasures.VOICEONE:ThecourtyardOneoftheprivateartcollectionsIsabellavisitedinMilanh
8、adadeepinfluenceonher.ShewrotetooneofherfriendsaboutherdreamofonedayowningahousewithanartcollectionliketheoneshehadseeninItaly.Isabellasaidintheletterthatshewouldfillthehousewithartandbeautifuloldfurniturecalledantiquessothatotherpeoplecouldenjoythem.VOICETWO:InParis,Isabellabecameclosefriendswithon
9、eofherclassmates,JuliaGardner,whosefamilywasfromBoston,Massachusetts.JuliawouldlaterintroduceIsabellatoherbrother;Jack.Ineighteensixty,IsabellaStewartmarriedJackGardner.ThecouplemovedtoBoston.VOICEONE:Ineighteensixty-three,Isabellagavebirthtoason,Jackie,whodiedtwoyearslater.Tohelphiswifeovercomeasev
10、eredepression,JackGardnerplannedforthemtotraveltoEurope.ThecoupletraveledthroughNorway,Russia,AustriaandFrance.ThischangeofenvironmenthelpedIsabellaGardnergreatly.Shesoonregainedthesenseofhumorandspiritforwhichshewasknown.VOICETWO:Thecoupletraveledtogetheroften.OnetripwastoEgypt,Palestine,andGreece.
11、Isabellakeptdetailedwrittendescriptionsoftheirtravels.Hertravelwritingshowedasenseofadventureandloveoftheartandtraditionsofothercultures.Onanothertrip,sheandherhusbandvisitedtheartandmonumentsofJapan,Cambodia,Indonesia,andIndia.Ineighteenseventy-five,theGardnersadoptedthethreesonsofJacksbrother,whoh
12、adrecentlydied.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:AportraitofIsabellaStewartGardnerbyJohnSingerSargentIsabellaStewartGardnerdidnotbehavelikemostwomenofhertime.Shewasveryindependentandnotafraidtoexpressherthoughtsandopinions.Shesmokedcigarettesandhostedpartiesthatwerefamousaroundtown.Shelearnedallshecouldaboutsubjectst
13、hatwereimportanttoher,suchasartandliterature.Shealsodevelopedrelationshipswithinterestingpeople.ShebecamegoodfriendswiththeAmericanpaintersJohnSingerSargentandJamesMcNeillWhistlerandthewriterHenryJames.Shecollectedtheworkofthegreatancientpainters,butalsoworkedhardtosupportmodernartistsbeginningtheir
14、careers.VOICETWO:MissusGardnertookagreatinterestinthecommunityactivitiesofBoston.ShelovedtoattendRedSoxbaseballgamesaswellasothersportsatnearbyHarvardCollege.And,shegavefinancialsupporttoorganizationsthatsupportedanimalrightsandtheplantingofcitygardens.Herindependenceandspiritcaughttheattentionofthe
15、media.Reportersoftenwrotestoriesabouther,someofwhichweremoretruethanothers.MissusGardnerdidnotseemtomind.Shewasknowntohavesaid:Dontspoilagoodstorybytellingthetruth!VOICEONE:Duringhermanytravels,IsabellaGardnervisitedartgalleriesandconsultedwithartexperts.Shewantedtobefullyeducatedabouttheartcollecti
16、onshewasstartingtobuild.WhenIsabellasfatherdiedineighteenninety-one,sheusedthemoneyhelefthertobuymoreart.Afewyearslater,IsabellaandJackGardnerboughtthreemajorpaintingsbygreatartists.OnewasbytheDutchartistRembrandtzanotherbytheSpanishartistVelazquez,andanotherwasbytheItalianartist,Titian.VOICETWO:The
17、coupleknewtheynowhadtoomucharttofitinsidetheirhome.Sotheydecidedtostartplanningamuseum.MissusGardnerdecidedthatshedidnotlikethecoldandemptyspacesofmanymuseumsduringhertime.Shewantedtocreateamuseumthatwaswarmandfilledwithlight.ThebuildingdesignofancienthomesinVenice,Italy,becametheinfluencefortheirmu
18、seum.VOICEONE:MissusGardneroncesaidthatshedecidedyearsagothatthegreatestneedinhercountrywasart.ShesaidAmericawasayoungcountrydevelopingquicklyinotherareas.Butthecountryneededmorechancesforpeopletoseebeautifulexamplesofart.(MUSIC)VOICETWO:Ineighteenninety-eight,JackGardnerdiedunexpectedlyofastroke.Is
19、abellaknewshehadnotimetoloseinbuildinghermuseum.Sheboughtland,hiredabuildingdesigner,andsupervisedeverydetailofhermuseumsconstruction.Aroundnineteenohone,MissusGardnermovedintothefourthfloorofthemuseum,whereshewouldlivefortherestofherlife.Foroverayear,sheworkedonputtingherartcollectionintoplace.VOIC
20、EONE:MissusGardneropenedhermuseumonJanuaryfirst,nineteenohthree.ThemuseumatthistimewascalledFenwayCourt.SheinvitedherfriendsthatnightforaspecialmusicalperformancebymembersoftheBostonSymphonyOrchestra.Onepersonattendingthateveningdescribedhowtheperfectionofallthingsinthemuseumseemedtohaveanunusualeff
21、ectontheguests.Hesaiditseffectwasveryextraordinaryandwonderful,likeamiracle.Thenextmonth,sheopenedthemuseumtothepublic.Atfirst,visitswerelimitedtotwentydaysoutoftheyear.Visitorspaidonedollartoenter.VOICETWO:IsabellaStewartGardnerdiedinnineteentwenty-fourinBoston.Inherwill,sheleftthemuseumamilliondol
22、larsandaseriesofrequirementsabouthowitshouldbemanaged.Onerequirementisthatthepermanentcollectioncannotbechanged.VOICEONE:Butonemajorchangewasbeyondthemuseumscontrol.InMarchofnineteenninety,robbersdressedaspoliceenteredthemuseumandstolethirteenworksofart.Theystolesomeofthemostvaluableworksinthecollec
23、tion.TheyincludedthreepaintingsbyRembrandtandanotherbytheDutchmasterJohannesVermeer.Thepaintingswereneverrecovered.Emptyframeshangonthewallswerethepaintingsonceweredisplayedasareminderofthistragiccrime.VOICETWO:TheIsabellaStewartGardnerMuseumisasinterestingtodayasitwasonehundredyearsago.Butitalsokee
24、psupwithtodayscommunity.Themuseumholdsmanyeventssothatthepubliccanenjoymusicalevenings,educationalprogramsandotheractivities.Modernartistscantakepartinthemuseumsartist-in-residenceprogram.And,themuseuminvitespublicschoolstudentstoviewthecollectionwhilealsoprovidingteacherswitharteducationprojects.Th
25、ememoryandspiritofIsabellaStewartGardnerlivesoninthemuseumshecreatedtoshareherloveofartwiththepeople.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:ThisprogramwaswrittenandproducedbyDanaDemange.mSteveEmber.VOICETWO:AndmBarbaraKlein.YoucanlearnaboutotherfamousAmericansatourWebsite,.JoinusagainnextweekforPEOPLEINAMERICAinVOASpecialEnglish.
