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1、美国名人现代舞蹈家伊莎多拉邓肯IsadoraDuncan,1877-1927:TheMotherofModernDanceplaystopmutemaxvolume00:00-19:10repeatByJimTedder2010-8-28Photo:sfmuseum.orgIsadoraDuncanwascalledtheMotherofModernDanceMARIORITTER:ImMarioRitterwithPEOP1.EINAMERICAinVOASpecialEnglish.TodayJimTeddertellsaboutmoderndancerIsadoraDuncan.(MUS
2、IC)JIMTEDDER:AngelaIsadoraDuncanwasborninSanFranciscozCaliforniaineighteenseventy-seven.Shewastheyoungestoffourchildren.HerparentsmarriageendedindivorcewhenIsadorawasthreeyearsold.Isadoraandherbrothersandsisterwereraisedbytheirmother;Mary.Thefamilywasverypoor.Isadorataughtdancelessonstolocalchildren
3、toearnextramoney.Shebeganteachingwhenshewasonlyfiveyearsold.MaryDuncantaughtherchildrenaboutmusic,dancing,thetheaterandliterature.YoungIsadorabelievedthiswasalltheeducationsheneeded.Shedidnotattendschoolforverylong.Shesaiditrestrictedherfromdancingandthinkingaboutthearts.Isadorawantedtomakedancinghe
4、rlifeswork.Andshewantedtolivebyherownrules,notbywhatotherpeoplethoughtwasrightorwrong.ThekindofdancingIsadorawantedtodowasnewanddifferentfromotherdancesatthetime.Shethoughtdancingshouldbeanart,notjustentertainment.IsadoraDuncandidnotlikeballet.Shesaidthatballetdancershadtoomanyrulestofollowabouthowt
5、heyshouldstandandbendandmove.Shesaidballetwasuglyandagainstnature.Shewantedhermoderndancestyletobefreeandnatural.Isadoralikedtomoveherarmsandlegsinverysmoothmotions.Shesaidthiswaslikewavesintheocean,ortreesswayinginthewind.Whenshedanced,IsadoraDuncanworeverythinclothing.Shewantedpeopletoseeherbodyas
6、sheranacrossthestage.Isadoraspentmostofherteen-agedyearsintheSanFranciscoarea.Shecontinuedtoteachdancingclasses,mostlytoyounggirls.ShealsovisitedlocallibrariestoreadtheworksofShakespeareandtostudyabouttheancientGreeks.Whenshewaseighteenyearsold,IsadoraurgedhermothertomovetoChicagoandthentoNewYork.Sh
7、ethoughtdancinginthesetwolargecitieswouldhelphercareenShefoundworkinseveraldancecompaniesorgroupsofdancers.Butshehadtodanceasshewasdirectedtodo.Shedidnotdancealoneonthestageandcouldnotbecomethestaroftheshow.SometimesIsadoraDuncanwaspaidtodanceinthehomesofwealthypeopleoratpartiestheygaveintheirgarden
8、s.Butsoonitwashardtofindjobsthatpaidherenoughmoneyjusttosurvive.Inashorttime,shewasoutofworkandpooronceagain.Usingherlastdollars,sheboughtaticketonacattleboatandsailedtoEuropeineighteenninety-nine.(MUSIC)IsadoraDuncanarrivedin1.ondon.ShevisitedtheBritishMuseumeverydayforseveralmonths.ShestudiedGreek
9、vasesandsculpturewiththeirimagesofancientGreekwomendancing.Innineteenhundred,shedancedforalargeaudienceat1.ondons1.yceumTheater.Thepeoplelikedwhattheysaw.SoonartloversinthecityweretalkingaboutthisnewdancerfromtheUnitedStates.Peoplebegantothinkofherasagreattalent.IsadoraDuncanbeganusingthemusicofChop
10、in,Strauss,Tchaikovsky,andWagnerinherperformances.Herfame,andwealth,begantogrow.Whenshedanced,IsadoraDuncanworeverythinclothing.Sometimesshedressedinlongwhitetunics,thekindofclothingwornbyancientGreekwomen.Shewantedpeopletoseeherbodyassheskipped,jumpedandranbarefootacrossthestage.Somepeoplecriticize
11、dherfordoingthis.Theythoughtitwasnotmoraltodressthisway.Atthetime,mostwomenworedressesthatcoveredasmuchofthebodyaspossible,especiallythearmsandlegs.IsadoraDuncanmovedontoParis,Berlin,ViennaandtheothergreatcitiesofEurope.Shedancedandopeneddancingschools.Newspaperswroteabouther.Artistscreatedsculpture
12、,jewelry,photographsandpaintingsofher.Andbynineteenten,IsadoraDuncanhadbecomethemostfamousdancerintheworld.(MUSIC)IsadoraDuncanwasoftenaskedtoexplainherstyleofdancingandtosayhowdanceasanartmightchangeovertime.Innineteen-oh-threezwhenshewastwenty-six,shemadeafamousspeechinBerlin.Shesaid:IsadoraDuncan
13、saidballetwasuglyandagainstnature.Shewantedhermoderndancestyletobefreeandnatural.Natureisthesourceofthedance.Themovementofthewaves,ofwinds,oftheearthiseverinthesamelastingharmony.Wedonotstandonthebeachandinquireoftheoceanwhatwasitsmovementofthepastandwhatwillbeitsmovementinthefuture.Everycreaturemov
14、esaccordingtoitsnature.thatisaccordingtoitsfeelingsandphysicalstructure.Themovementsofthesavagewerenaturalandbeautiful.SotoowerethemovementsoftheclassicalGreekswearingsimpletunicsandsandals.Inmyschool,Ishallnotteachthechildrentoimitatemymovements.buttomaketheirown.Theprimaryorfundamentalmovementsoft
15、henewschoolofthedancemusthavewithinthemtheseedsfromwhichwillevolveallothermovements,eachinturntogivebirthtoothersinanunendingsequenceofstillhigherandgreaterexpression,thoughts,andideas.Thedancerofthefuturewillbeonewhosebodyandsoulhavegrownsoharmoniouslytogetherthatthenaturallanguageofthatsoulwillhav
16、ebecomethemovementofthebody.Thisisthemissionofthedancerofthefuture.Sheiscoming,thedancerofthefuture:thefreespirit,whowillinhabitthebodyofnewwomen;moregloriousthananywomanthathasyetbeen;morebeautifulthanallwomeninpastcenturies:Thehighestintelligenceinthefreestbody.(MUSIC)JIMTEDDER:IsadoraDuncanhadver
17、yliberalideasforthetime.Shebelievedinequalrightsforwomen.Shedidnotthinkacouplehadtobemarriedtohavechildren.Shehadtwochildren,DeirdreandPatrick,bytwodifferentmen.Shewasnotmarriedtoeitherofthem.Shealsodidnothidethefactthatshewasbisexual.Shehadanumberoflovers,bothmenandwomen.ShethoughttheBolshevikRevol
18、utionandCommunismweregoodforRussia.Shesaid:Mymottois:nolimits.Virtuouspeoplearesimplythosewhohavenotbeentemptedsufficiently.WemaynotallbreaktheTenCommandments,butweareallcertainlycapableofit.Withinuslurksthebreakerofalllaws,readytospringoutatthefirstrealopportunity.Youwereoncewild.Dontletthemtameyou
19、.JIMTEDDER:IsadoraDuncanisrememberedasthemotherofmoderndance.Butsheisalsorememberedforthetragedyinherlife.Innineteenthirteen,Isadorastwochildren,DeirdreandPatrick,alongwiththeirnursezweredrownedintheSeineRiverinParis.Thecartheywereridinginhadstoppedrunning.Thedrivergotouttofixtheengine,buthedidnotse
20、tthebrakes.Whenthecarsuddenlystartedagain,itrandownabankintotheriver.Isadorawasgreatlysaddenedbythis.Forawhileshethoughtshewouldneverdanceagain.Innineteentwenty-two,shemarriedaRussianpoetnamedSergeiYesenin.Hewasalmosttwentyyearsyoungerthanshewas.Hebecameaviolentalcoholicandthenhadamentalbreakdown.Th
21、reeyearslater;hekilledhimself.Inthelatenineteentwenties,IsadoraDuncansdancingcareerwasover.Peoplebegantothinkofherasasadpersonwhosebestdaysweregone.Shewasseeninpublicmanytimesaftershehadtoomanyalcoholicdrinks.Sheranoutofmoney,butcontinuedtostayatthefinesthotels.Shehadmanydebtsthatshecouldnotpay.News
22、paperscarriedstoriesofherrecklessandscandalouslifestyle.Innineteentwenty-seven,herHfeendedsuddenly.IsadoraDuncanwasinNice,France.Shewasridinginacarthathadtheroofdown.Sheworealongscarfaroundherneck.Oneendofthescarfgotcaughtintherearwheelofthecar.Theheavysilktightenedaroundherneckandbrokeit.Shediedins
23、tantlyattheageoffifty.(MUSIC)ThefamousAmericanpoetCarlSandburgwrotethisaboutIsadoraDuncan:Thewind?Iamthewind.Theseaandthemoon?Iamtheseaandthemoon.Tears,Pain,love,birdflights?Iamallofthem.IdancewhatIam.Sin,prayer,flight,thelightthatneverwasonlandorsea?IdancewhatIam.(MUSIC)MARIORITTER:ThisprogramwaswrittenandvoicedbyJimTedder.ItwasproducedbyDanaDemange.ShirleyGriffithwasthevoiceofIsadoraDuncan.ImMarioRitter.Youcanfindtranscripts,MP3sandpodcastsonourwebsite,.JoinusagainnextweekforPEOP1.EINAMERICAinVOASpecialEnglish.
