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1、秘籍02最全语法词形转换必背目录【高考预测】名词变复数规则01【高考预测】代词的变化03【高考预测】形容词、副词级别变化03【高考预测】动词变第三人称单数规则04【高考预测】动词变过去式、过去分词规则05【高考预测】动词变现在分词变化规则05【高考预测】数词考点变化规则06名词变复数高考预测一规则变化1 一般情况在词尾加-S,清辅音后读s,浊辅音和元音后读/力。如:book-booksbuksdeskdesks/desks/bagbagsbaegzgamegamesgeimzkeykeys/ki:z/2 .以s,x,sh,ch,等结尾的词加读iz.如:bus-busesbsizbox-boxe
2、sbDksizfish-fishes,fiizwatch-watches,wDtizclassclasses,fbxfxes,brushbrushes,WatCh一WaIehes。例:StomaCh的复数为stomachso3 .以辅音字母加y结尾的词,变、为i,再加-es。读z如:family-familiesbaby-babiesparty-partiesstrawberry-strawberries4 .以f或fe结尾的词变f或fe为ves。读vz该类词有:knife刀,life生命,Wife妻子,Self自己,Ieaf叶子,thief贼,half-半,WOIf狼,Shelf架子等。妻子
3、持刀去宰狼,小偷吓得发了慌;躲在架后保己命,半片树叶遮目光直接加-S的有:roof房顶,belief信念,chief首领,gulf海湾,proof证据,serf农仆两种都可以的有:handkerchief手绢-handkerchiefs/handkerchieves5 .以。结尾的词以辅音字母+。”结尾的词,有生命的加es,“两人两菜一火山,Ncgro(黑人),hero(英雄),potato(土豆),tomato(西红柿),volcano(火山);无生命的加-s,如:photo-photos,kilokilos,piano-一pianos以“元音字母+o结尾的词,力口-s,如:radio-ra
4、dios,zoo-izoos二不规则变化1 .含man的名词,一般变man为men。例:vvomanvvomen,policemanpolicemen,EngliShman一EngliShmen。但German一Gennans。2 .将00改为ee的有fbotfeet,toothteeth,goosegeese等。3 .复数以en结尾的有childchildren,oxoxen等。4 .将ouse改为ice的有mousemice,IOUSe-lice(虱子)等。5 .单复数同形的有sheep,deer,fish,means,WorkS(工厂),Swiss,Japanese,Chinese等。6
5、 .某些外来词变复数:datum-*data(资料),mediummedia(媒体),bacterium-*bacteria(细菌),curriculumcurricula(课程),criterion-*criteria(标准),phenomenon-*phenomena(现象).(umon-*a)analysis-*analyses(分析),basis-*bases(基础),crisis-*crises(危机),diagnosis-*diagnoses(诊断).(is-*es)7 .集体名词,以单数形式出现,但实为复数如:peoplepolicecattle等本身就是复数,不能说apeopl
6、e,apoliceacattle,但可以说aperson,apoliceman,aheadofcattle,theEnglish,theBritishttheFrench,theChinese,theJapanese,theSwiss等名词,表示国民总称时,作复数用。8 .以S结尾,仍为单数的名词,如:a. maths,politics,PhySiCS等学科名词,为不可数名词,是单数。b. news是不可数名词。c. theUnitedStates,theUnitedNations应视为单数。TheUnitedNationswasorganizedin1945.联合国是1945年组建起来的。d
7、.以复数形式出现的书名,剧名,报纸,杂志名,也可视为单数。TheArabianNightsisaveryinterestingstory-book.是一本非常有趣的故事书。9 .表示由两部分构成的东西,如:glasses(眼镜)trousers,clothes若表达具体数目,要借助数量词pair(对,双);suit(套);apairofglasses;twopairsoftrousers10 .另外还有一些名词,其复数形式有时可表示特别意思,如:goods货物,WaterS水域,fishes(各种)鱼11复合名词变复数:以不可数名词结尾的复合名词无复数形式,如:homework,housewo
8、rk以man或Woman为前缀的复合名词变复数,前后两个名词都变复数,11:manservant-*menservants,womanstudent-*womenstudents.11 .其它复合名词变复数:grownup-*grownups,brotherinlaw-*brothersinlaw,standby-*standsby.代词的变化高考预测人称代词单复数主格宾格形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词反身代词单数Imemyminemyself第一人称复数weUSouroursourselves单数youyouyouryoursyourselves第二人称复数youyouyouryoursyo
9、urselvessheherherhersherself第三人称单数hehimhishishimselfitititsitsitself复数theythemtheirtheirsthemselves形容词、副词级别的变化高考预测一规则变化规则示例般在单音节词后直接加-er,estsmall-smaller-smallest;tall-taller-tallest;以不发音的e结尾的词后加-r,-stIate-Iater-Iatest;large-larger-largest;以辅音字母+y结尾的词,变y为i再加er,-estpretty-prettier-prettiest;heavy-hea
10、vier-heaviest;以一个元音加一个辅音结尾,且重读,双写结尾的辅音字母再加-er,-estfat-fatter-fattest;hot-hotter-hottest;thin-thinner-thinnest;slim-slimmer-slimmest;大部分双音节词和多音节词,及分词形容词变比较级和最高级,用more,most加原级beautiful-morebeautiful-mostbeautiful;serious-moreserious-mostserious;tired-moretired-mosttired;excited-moretired-mosttired二不规则
11、变化单词比较级最高级good/wellbetterbestbad/badly/illworseworstmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfartherfurthestfarthest/furthest注意:表示完全意义的词没有比较级和最高级,如:empty,perfect,unique,extreme,favourite,excellent,true,correct,right,wrong等。动词变第三人称单数高考预测变化规则构成方法例词一般情况直接加-Slike-likes;look-looks;play-plays;以-ch,-sh,-s,-X结尾加-
12、esteach-teaches;guess-guesses;brush-brushes;mix-mixes;以-O结尾加-esdo-does;go-goes;以辅音字母+y结尾变y为i加-esstudy-studies;trytries;动词变过去式、过去分词规则高考预测过去式过去分词一般情况直接加-edlook-looked以不发音的e结尾直接加ddecide-decided以重读闭音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母双写辅音字母加-edstopstoppedspot-spotted以辅音字母+y结尾变y为i加-edstudy-studied;try-tried;动词变现在分词规则高考预测规则例词
13、-一般情况在词尾直接加-inggo-going;read-reading;以不发音的e结尾,去掉e加-ingtake-taking;write一writing以重读闭音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母双写辅音字母加-ingcut-cutting;swim-swimming;数词考点变化规则高考预测一基数词变序数词规律例词1、2、3first,second,third4-19基数词词尾加-Ihfourth,sixth,seventh,tenth,eleventh,thirteenth,nineteenth易错提醒:fifth第五,eighth第八,ninth第九,twelfth第十二20-90变y为ie再加-Ihtwentieth第二十,eightieth第八十两位数或多位数只变个位数;hundred,thousand等只在词尾加-Ihtwenty-fifth第二十五;Onehundredih第一百二分数构成例词一般情况下,分子用基数词,分母用序数词;分子为1,分母用单数;分子大于1,分母用复数onefourth/aquarter四分之一;threefifth五分之三带分数:基数词+and+分数threeandtwofifths三又五分之二;