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1、衔接点02名词(小初考点差异及衔接)素养目标小学要求I.名词的数2.名词所有格初中要求1 .可数名词的单复数;2 .不可数名词:3 .专有名词:4 .名词所有格:士名词的句法作用:6 .名词词义娜析。“_知识梳理【小学名词考点聚焦】将下列单词归类.inkgir1.herocoffeeporknewscitydeskcupsugarwaterzoomoneydeerhairmi1.kmonth可数名词:不可数名词:二.写出下列单词的复数形式.(I)c1.as(2)mousc(3)housc(4)ChikI(5Meaffoot(7)SheePWatCh(9)pota1.o(10)baby(1.1.
2、)man(而o(o三.用所给词的正确形式埴空.(I)WCcomefromdifferent(country).(2)hcsc(Visit)WiIIcometoourschoo1.tomonrow.(3)Thcrcarcmany(trcc)inmySChOO1.(4)Bcijingisoneofthemostbeautifu1.(city)inChina.(5)1havesome(beef)frdinner.(6)Sep1.ernberIO1.his(Ieacher)Day.TheNare1.xsof(womanIeaCher)inhec1.assroom.(8)Mikehasmuch(home
3、work)todotoday.(9)JaCkisi1.1.DoctorWang(e1.1.shim1.otakesome(medicine).(10)Jancsfatherisa(cook).Hecanmake1.oaredrinkingover(here.Underhe(4).thereisa(5).hsocute.Ifseating(6).Sonc7)arcf1.yinginthc(8).Thereisa(9)and(wo(10Joo.【初中名词考点聚焦】Q考点清单考点一名词密析、名诃的分类名词即表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念名称的诃.它分为专有名词和普通名词两大类.具体情况见下表:类别意义
4、例词表示人、地方、事物、机构、组织等名专有名词Icy,Chin:UhCGreatWa1.1.jhcGreatHa1.1.ofthePeop1.e称的词汁,个讣衣示个体的人或W粉的词dic(ionarj,.penci1.,c1.wir.window.(ab1.e.booktbike.ba1.1.dog通名词名集体词名词物质1名词数抽象T名词表示i群人或一类小物的词fami1.y.po1.ice.cIaSSerOpteam表示物暝或不具备确定形状和大小个ricc,watcr,porridge,air.woo1.,whcaitce1.体的物质的词表示状态、品质、行为、感情等抽象概1.famiIyJi
5、misc与homeknow1.cdge.danger.hea1.th.1.ife.in1.ercstjovc急的词单词意义例句fami1.y布,家.家庭”.可强调家应中的全体成员.不指住房Myfami1.yan?ver),friend1.y.我的家人都很友好.househ。USe有“住宅,家”之意,强调房屋和居住点They1.ivedinasma1.1.house.他们住在一个小房子里.home作“家”讲时,指人们牛.活、居住的地方,强调居住的范困和环境He1.efthomeforBeijing.他离开家去北京了。2.job与Woi1.单词意义例句job可数名词,指一项具体的工作,多指“零工”
6、或“短工”Se1.1.ingnewspapersishisPart-Iimejob.卖报纸是他的兼职。work不可数名词,指“工作,劳动”Hehasbeenoutofwork.他失业了。3.prob1.em与question单词意义例句一般来说,prob1.em总是与“困难相联系,它可以指社会问Theysti1.1.havesomeseriousprob1.emsto题、数学问学,这种响题,是哨待解决的”,常与之搭配的动SOhe他们仍有,些严重的问时需要解决。诃是so1.veHcaskedmeSoinCquestions.总是与“疑问.质问,询问”相联系,这种”问题”是”有待回答4.voice
7、.noisc1Jsound单词意义例句voice指人的嗓音Irecognizedhervoiceatnce.我立刻听出了她的声音,noise吵闹声.不悦耳、不和谐的咱杂声Don,tmakesomuchnoise.别这么大声喂嗜.sound指人所听到的自然界的任何内IheardastrangesoundfromtheCmp1.yrgm.我所到空房间里传来奇怪的声音.S.cauM?,reason与excuse单词意义例句cause造成一种邪实或现欲的”原因、起因后接介词ofThepo1.iceare1.ookingintothecauseOfIheaccident.警方正在烟本事故的原因.reas
8、on说明一种看法或行为的“理由”,后接介词forYoumustte1.1.himthereasonfbrwantingtochangeyourjob.你必须告诉他你想换工作的原因.excuse(尤指不完全真实的)借口,托词1.a1.eagain!Whasyourexcuseforit(his1.ime?又迟到了!这次你的借口是什么?6.journeyjrip与trave1.单词意义例句journey(riptrave1.适用就国很广,可指海、陆、空的旅行,常Itsa1.ongjourneyfromheretHnngKong.从这儿到香港的指距国较远的旅行.强调往返性旅程很远.指如时间、Ki距离
9、的旅行.强调往返性.与Howwasyourschoo1.(riptothezoo1.astWCCkend?你们上周journey可互换使用末去动物园的学校旅行玩得怎么样?ManypeOPIearefondof(rave1.泛指旅游.不侧重往返性,可以是单程旅行很多人喜欢旅游.的,常与动词ask,nswcr等连用他问了我些问应.对点特训-选择适当的词埴空1.7mregardsNanjingashissecond(fami1.y;bousc;homc)bccauschehasbeenhereforovertenyears.2 .1.i1.ingwants1.obeaSinger.SheIhinks
10、itsaninteresting(workJob).3 .ThewasthathegavemenochanceIoanswerhis(uestiniDnb1.cm).4 .thefootofhehi1.1.yocou1.dhearnothingbu(he(voicenoiseound)of(herunning,aier.二.单项选择1 .Wccana1.waysfindsomethinggoodinabadifwe1.ookforit.It,ssotrue.1.etsmakefu1.1.useofwhatcomes.situationB.dircctionC.instructionDxompe
11、tition2 .Yuan1.ongpingwasawor1.d-famousscientist.Becauseofhisachievenn1.s.rivehasbeenincreasedgreat1.y.pou1.a(ionBxomributionC.roductionDjinroduciion3 .Thc1.andingofChina,srovcr(登陆军)7JumngonMarsshowsChinahasmadegreatinspaceexp1.oration.progressB.projcctC.productD.protcction4 .Mr.I1.uangwasbominNanji
12、ng,butSuqiiinhasbecomehissecond.A.fami1.yB.houseCvi1.1.agcD.hmetown5 .T1.ieboyhasbeenmissingforfivedaysandhisparentsareWQ1.Tiedabouthis.a(entionBSafe1.yC.acfbeingateacher.4 .Mydaughterssweet(噪音)a1.waysmakesmere1.axed.5.1havemademuchmore(进步)inPhysicsthisterm.考点二名词的数和格一、名诃的数(一)可数名词的复数形式I.名词按其所表示的事物的性质
13、分为可数名词(CoUntab1.CNoUnS)与不可数名词(UnCoUntaMeNoU膝),可数名词仃单数和更数两种形式.名诃亚数形式构成的部分规则如下:情况构成方法读音例训般情况加在清辅音后读W在浊辅音和元音后读Wcake-cakesbagbags在t后读/W在d后读Jdz/studentstudentsbedbeds以s.x.h.-ch等结尾的词加zibusbusesbox-boxeswatchwatchesbaby-babies以辅音字母加y结尾的词读Wcity-citiescountrycountries1.ady1.adies以元音字母加y结尾的词iztoytoysmonkeymon
14、keys以f值)结尾的诃Z1.eaf-1.eaveswo1.f-wo1.ves1.ife1.ives以c.scc.(d)gc等结尾的iJfacefacesorangeoranges词num一改变单数名词woman中的元音字母读者改变foot不规则变化tooth单复数形式相同读含不变fishfishsheep-sheepdeerdeerChinese-ChineseJapaneseJapanese其他形式AnauW11u1.s/mouse-mice2某国人变发数(I)中国人Chinese*Cinese(2)英国人Eng1.ishman-Eng1.ishmen(3)阿拉侑人Arab-Arabs可用
15、口诀记忆这一点和中日不变英法变.其余s加后面.3 .以-0结尾的名词,有些在词尾加YS.它们是“感人英雄爱吃西红柿土豆。Negro-*herotomato-potato-*而其他般在词尾加$zzoo-zoosradio-radios4 .复合名词曲面的名词是man或Wog.变乂故时.构成更合名词的两个名词全部要变成发数形式:如果是其他词.变H数时.只需把后面的名词变成或数形式,mantcachcrboystudent5 .字母、数字、引语或缩略词语的复数形式是在其后加,S或s.ThCrCarctwofsintheWordofBcc二单词office里行两个f.ManyV1.Psarecomin
16、gtoourcity.许多Ift要人物将到我们巾来.6 .有线以-f结尾的词直接加T变成更较,rooJrooQ屋顶be1.iefbe1.ie信仰proof-proofe证据Ch沁Jchief首领;对点特训一,用所给单网的iE确形式填空1 .Ihcdoctorto1.dmetocatmore(tshJbcxauscitsgoodforhea1.th.2 .Thoseyouadmireverymucharcca1.1.ed(hero).3 .Howmany(womanJf+不可数名词”这样的结构来表示.计量名词可以是单数也可以是我数,但Of后的名词只用原形,如:apieceofpaper一张纸ad
17、ropofwater7的水twocupsoftea两杯茶(三)tt1 .有线名词既是可数名词.只是不可数名词.但意义有所不同.Iea(茶11ca(杯茶)WOOd(木头)一aWOod(一片树林)rm(空间)aroom(个房间)WCrk(工作IaWork(一部著作)SIaSU玻璃agEss(一个玻璃杯)PaPe纸)一aPaPCrt,份报纸/文件,试卷)2 .有些名词虽以$结尾.但它们不是发数。PhMCS物理,mmhs数学,o1.iics政治.news新闻31.数词+名词(形容词)”构成的笑合形容词,中间的名词不能用更数形式,必须用小数形式.Sheisafive-year-o1.dgir1.她是一个
18、五岁的女孩,(five-year-o1.d不能说成five-years-o1.d)afive-poundnote-张五英性的纸而asix-foo.2制and连接两个并列的单数名词衣示共有关系.这时只在最后一个名词后加&ThisisMan-andhersistersbedroom,这是玛丽和她姐姐的卧空C1.i1.yand1.ucysmotheri$arwrs匕莉莉和露西的妈妈是位护士。用and连接两个并列名i表示分别拥有各自的物品时,两个名诃都在词尾加大表示所有关系.,1.hescarcom,sandManrsbags.这些是汤姆和玛图的包.WciHua*sandJohns1.icensesa
19、rcmissing.魏华和的翰的许可证都丢(3 .以T纳尾的名词.在s后加二:不以7结尾的词在词尾加,s。教师节TeachersDay儿童节Chi1.drensDay4 .M所孑j格常用来衣示无生命的东西.thedooroftheroom房间的门5 .双弟:所有格有两种形式:Of名词所有格;Of名词性物主代词CHeisafriendofmybrother.他是我哥哥的一个朋友Issheadaughterofyewn;?她是你的女儿吗?注意双弟所彳!格和股所有格的区别:aphotcofJOhns(照片于John,但照片上的人不定是John);aphotoOfJohn(照片上的人是John本人).
20、6 .表示店帕、医院、诊所、住宅等名称时.常在名词后加上代表全称.at(hedx.(or,s在诊所7 .一些具有名词性旗的双合不定代词,如SOn1.eone.everybody等和e1.se连用时.s应加在e1.se后.somebodyc1.scspenci1.别人的铅笔8 .表示时间、距离、国家、城市等无生命的东西的名词,也可以在词尾加-S或-来构成所行格.(1)用于时间Iwoweeks*time两个星期的时间(2)用于度fitthirteentonsweight13吨的电fitfivehundredmetresdistance五百米的扪离(3)用于价假ahundredyuans。口Cr1.
21、百元的订货单ami1.1.ionpoundsnote一百万英德的钞票(4)用于天体(heearthssate1.1.ite地球卫星(5)用于国家Be1.giumscapita1.比利时的首都(6)用于城市Changchunsagricuhurc长春的农业对点特训一.用所给单词的正确形式埴空vegotaKXHhache.so1neediogo(ohe(dentist).(2)1.fsrofarfromhere.It*son1.yfive(minute)wa1.k.YCS1.Crd4iyImetafriendofmy(fahcr).I(mothcr)DayisonthesecondSundayof
22、Mayeveryyear.二,单项选择1 .TherearcmanyteachersinthisprimarySChoo1.womanB.womanC.womenD.woments2 .Weseesonerisingi11otheairattheopeningofournew1.ibrary.A.ba1.1.oonsB.ba1.1.oonCba1.1.ooncs3 .Thepinkhairhandmustbe1.ongco.A.1.indasB.1.indaC.hcrs4 .Mr.1.iuisawiseman.andheoftengivesusafew.A.suggcstionsB.advic
23、eChobbicsDAnowIcdgc1.1 nApri1.24.XicWcnjunracedtogo1.dinthe1.1.()metcrhurd1.esattheASianAth1.eticsChampionshipsinQatar.A.manB.menC.men*sD.mens,三,词汇运用I-Thewa1.1.paperwithcartoonpatternsisidea1.formyroom,(son)1.2 vcr(heyears.GongBaoChickenhasbcconwoneofthemostpopu1.ar(dish)inChineserestaurantsthrougho
24、utthewor1.d.1.3 (参观者)mustshowtheirhea1.thQRcodesandchecktheirtemperaturebeforetheygointothemuseum.1.5 cie11istshavefoundthat(a1.koeachothera1.1.the1.ime.Their1.anguageisakindOfchemica1.(p1.ant)5 .Haveyou,eadIhereport?Those(英却:)storiesrea1.1.ytouchedmedeep1.y.6 .Mo.4 .ChineseNeWYearisamarkingIheendof
25、winterand(hebeginningofSpringXce1.ebrate)5 .WearewhoWearetodaybecauseOfIhe(choose)wemadeyesterday.6 .Surprising1.y,my12-ycar-o1.dmghtcrisWorriCdabouther(weigh).7 .Myneighbourisafamous(sing)andsheoftenwscharitywork.X.WuJingisawe1.1.-known(dirxt).HeisPOPUIaramongfi1.m1.overs.9 .ThemothersaidgdbyeWiIha
26、smi1.e,butherCyCScou1.dnIhideher(sad).10 .Irea1.1.yha1.emyse1.fforwhatIsaidtoMomIhcotherday.1knowthe(fed).ItMawfu1.,isntit?二、词汇运用1.Fiveso1.diershavedevoedthemse1.vestoprotectingourmother1.andandwewi1.1.renwrnberIhcse(be)Mines.1.1 tissurprisingthathcraindidntmakemuch(different)tothegame.3 .Thcgirsswe
27、etvoicecaughtsevera1.we1.1.-known(音乐家)attention.4 .Whosehandbagsarcthese?Theyarcthosemanagers,(wife).5.1sawsome(J国人)andEng1.ishmendancinginthestreetthedaybeforeyesterday.6.II(he(Iead)namesandnumbersarvonthe1.ist.Youcanca1.1.(hemonebyone.Q点拓展培优ThesedaysavideofromtheBeijingWi1.d1.ifeZoohasbeengoingvir
28、a1.(走红).Itshowsadogp1.ayingwith1.ionsandtigersfourtofivetimesitssize!Isthedogindanger?Ofcoursenot.1Anima1.smakefriendswithmembersofadifferentSPeCieS(物种).AzookeepersaidIha1.(heyraisedthedogtogetherwiththe1.ionsandtigerswhentheywereveryyoung.2Ifyouthink(hisistooamazing,justrememberthatpeop1.ehavemadef
29、riendswithanima1.sfora1.ongtime.3Maybeyouhaveapctyourse1.f.Therearcsomeotherstoriesofcross-spccicsfriends.A1.ananima1.center,acatnamedMarinaandapignamed1.aurabecamefriendsaftertheycametothecenter.4TheygrewupintheWiId(野夕卜)witho11theirmotherscare.Theywerec1.osetoeachotherandp1.ayedhappi1.ytogetherwhen
30、theyfirstmet.Whycandiffere11speciesbefriends?Inthewi1.d,anima1.sarebusyhuntingfortheirfcx1.Theyhavetoworkhardtokeepthemse1.vessafeandPro1.eC1.theirfami1.ies.5WhenIheyneedntdothesethings,anima1.swi1.1.nothavemuchtodo.Soifspossib1.eforthemtomakefriendswithmembersofotherspecies.A. Theyarcastrangebu1.1.ovingfami1.y.B. htakestimeandenergyotakepanin(heactivities.C. Bothofthem1.ivedahard1.ifeinthepast.D. Actua1.1.y,thedogandthebiganima1.sarcfriends.E. Somepeop1.ekeepanima1.s1.ikecatsanddogsaspets.EAnima1.sarcourfriends.G.They1.ikep1.ayingba1.1.sandenjoyingthesunshine