《语法填空解题技巧ppt课件.ppt》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《语法填空解题技巧ppt课件.ppt（41页珍藏版）》请在三一办公上搜索。
1、高考英语专题复习,语法填空训练及考点突破,1、阅读、理解语篇的能力;2、分析句子结构的能力;3、熟练运用语法,短语的能力。,考查目标,全国高考语法填空题两类“空”：,纯空格（3个）,给词空 (7个）,1.谓语（时态语态数）2.非谓语（to do-doingdone)3.词类转换(名形副）,冠、代、介、连、及一些副词,考查方式,2014-2015年全国高考语法填空词类分布：,纯空格,给词空,1个助动词,解题技巧1 ：句中没有谓语，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但中间有并列、转折或从属连词时，需填的词则是谓语动词。时态考虑要瞻前顾后。,例1. In 1969, the pollution was terr
2、ible. It _ (be) unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up.,was,例2. A boy on a bike _ (catch) my attention. He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms.,caught,例3. People stepped on your feet or _ (push) you with their elbows (肘部)，hurrying ahead to get to bargain.,pushed,例4. .The country lif
3、e he was used to _ （change ）greatly since the opening policy.例5. Im afraid this is the best way we can think of _ (help) you.,has changed,to help,例6. Nobody knows what _(happen) if she had refused to pay.,would have happened,例7. He walked in as if he _(buy) the school.,had bought,括号内给出动词的原形，做题时首先找出句
4、子的主干，确定主句，如果缺谓语，就要根据上下文语境和意思确定动词的数、时态、语态和语气。,应试策略,1、考查在语境中判断动词的时态。常考的时态为：现在:一般现在、一般将来、现在进行、现在完成。过去:一般过去、过去进行、过去将来、过去完成。2、时间、条件、等状语从句中动词的时态(主将从现) (if/unless/as soon as/after/before/when等);3、时态标志；4、时态一致性原则；5、上下文语境；,解题技巧2 ：若句中已有谓语动词，又不是并列谓语或从句时，所给动词就是非谓语动词。若是非谓语动词就要确定用 doing形式，done形式，还是 to do 形式。非谓语的形式
5、一定要考虑它与其逻辑主语之间 的关系。,例1. but it is not enough only _(memorize) rules from a grammar book.,to memorize,例2. _(speak) out your inner feeling wont make you feel ashamed, on the contrary,Speaking,注意 ：作主语或宾语时，通常用doing / being done形式表示习惯或一般情况； 用to do / to be done形式表示具体情况或将来；用having done / having been done表示
6、已发生。,s.,v.,p.,s.,v.,例3. _(complete) the project as planned, we will have to work two more hours a day.,To complete,例5. Some people say that children, who are smart and strong-willed, are very likely _(success.),to succeed,注意 ：作目的状语或者在固定结构中，一般用to do形式。,例4. The young student did all that he could _ (p
7、ass)the examinations.,to pass,s.,v.,s.,v.,o.,adverbial,adverbial,例6. He saw the stone, _(say) to himself: “The night will be very dark.”,saying,注意 ：分词作伴随状语，原因状语，条件状语等时，要看它与逻辑主语的关系确定形式。,s.,v.,o.,例7. There will be a meeting, _(start) later this year to review the film.,learned,注意 ：1. 分词做状语时，主要看它与句子主语之
8、间的关系确定形式。2.分词做后置定语时，主要看它与被修饰词之间的关系确定形式。,starting,例8. .Lessons_(learn) in sports can help us in our dealing with other people.,s.,v.,o.,s.,v.,非谓语动词，包括V-ing形式、V-ed形式和动词不定式。 做题时确定所给出的词与其所修饰的词或其逻辑主语的关系。,如果与中心词是主动关系， ；,如果与中心词是被动关系， ；,如果表示将来或目的，,一般用V-ing形式,一般用V-ed形式,应试策略,一般用动词不定式。,例11. He spit the water o
9、ut, _(say) it was awful.,saying,例12. Can you tell me the way you thought of _ (work )out the problem.,to work,技巧2 ：词类转换题要先确定在句中的成分。,dangerous,例1. In a _(danger) part of the sea off the coast of New Zealand, they learnt to ,例2. There must be something_ (serious) wrong with our society.,seriously,hard
10、er,例4. The other frog went on jumping as hard as he could. He jumped even _(hard) and finally made himself out.,unnecessary,例3. Your mistake caused a lot of _(necessity) work in the office.,useless,differently,appearance,personal,Most of the people in the town showed pity on him, but it was _(use).
11、But a recent study saw things quite _ (different). The order in which they finished would decide the order of their _ (appear) in the Chinese calendar., so Im very careful not to give out my _(person) information.,exercises,cheaper,worst,5.One of the _ (bad) gift choices I ever made was for my high
12、school English teacher, Ms Chen. 6.For a family of four, for example, it is more convenient as well as _ (cheap) to sit comfortably at home,括号内给出形容词或副词，要根据上下文语境确定用原级、比较级还是最高级形式。,应试策略,形容词 修饰名词/代词 副词 修饰动词/形容词/副词/句子It is/was +形容词 （+for/of sb) +to do,括号内给出单词的其他形式，通过分析句子结构，判断句子缺少什么成分（修饰什么词），再用正确的单词形式补充完整
13、，该空同时考查同学们的单词拼写能力。,Read the following sentences and fill in the blanks according to the requirements. Then find out the rules .,纯空格类考点讲解：,1.冠词2.代词3.介词4. 连词或副词5. 引导词,An only child will succeed for _ same reason. You can now make _ educated decision about what career to pursue.The author of the study
14、suggested that encouraging more books reading might be _ useful way to prevent childhood accidents.,the,an,a,冠词,如果空格后是单数可数名词，就应该考虑空格处是否需要填不定冠词(a, an)，如果是特指，就要定冠词the。 如果空格后是序数词、最高级或提及上文提到过的人或物等时，就应该考虑空格处是否需要填定冠词(the)。,应试策略,Firstly, we must understand the language when we hear _ spoken. 2.The little b
15、oy pulled _right hand out of the pocket and studied a number of coins in it. 3.I patiently walked to the library, took my seat and did some deep breathing to help relax _.,it,myself,his,代词,首先找出代词所指代的名词，根据其在句中所充当的成分确定用哪个代词。 如果空格后是名词，就应该考虑空格处是否用物主代词(my, your, his等)、指示代词(this, that等)、不定代词(few, little,
16、many, much, all, each, every, both, neither, other等)、名词所有格或形容词等进行修饰。,应试策略,Television is now playing a very important role _ our life.more than nine thousand young Americans, dissatisfied with their training at home, went to Germany _advanced study. It was in this very room that I gave birth _ Linda
17、seventeen years ago.,for,to,in,介词,介词可位于名词之前。如at night, on Sunday等；,也可位于形容词之后，如be interested in, be good at等；,还可位于不及物动词之后，如listen to, arrive at, look for等。,应试策略,掌握一些常用介词的用法、含义和固定搭配；,If a family has many children, the middle one sometimes gets lost in the crowd. The youngest child, _, often gets speci
18、al treatment. As the ox came ashore, the rat jumped off and finished the race first. _ the rat got the first year named after him and the ox got the second year. I asked my classmates about her interest _ then I made my final decision.,however,and,So/Thus,连词或副词,空格前后两个句子都含有主谓结构时，则要根据上下文的逻辑关系，选择适当的副词或
19、连词。,表示递进：,so, for, therefore, thus等；,further, furthermore, moreover, in addition等；,but, nevertheless, however, yet, while, although, though, 等。,表示转折：,表示因果：,表示并列：,and , or等；,应试策略,that,who,that,引导词,One day, he came up with an idea _ he would pick up all of his crop a few inches. Some people say that o
20、ldest children, _ are smart and strong-willed, are very likely to succeed. So careless was I _ I had forgotten all about that.,空格前后都是一个句子,做题时应该从句子的意义去判断是属于什么类型的复合句（定语从句、名词性从句或者状语从句），再确定填什么引导词。,应试策略,如何判断从句类型？,空格前是名词空格前是及物动词 空格前是系动词 空格在句首,定语从句,同位语语从句,主语从句,状语从句,所填词在后面句子中充当成分,不充当成分,所填词在后面句子中充当主宾表,所填词在后面
21、句子中充当各类状语,宾语从句,表语从句,判断状语从句类型时还可以根据前后句子之间的意思及逻辑关系来判断是什么状语从句,一步来把全文看，把握主旨逻辑线；二步开始做答案，容易做的先做完；难题放在第三步，上下文里找答案；四步复读很关键，保证全文意贯通。,解题四步口诀：,真题再现,2012年广东英语高考语法填空题Mary will never forget the first time she saw him. He suddenly appeared in class one day, _16_ (wear) sun glasses . He walked in as if he _17_(buy)
22、 the school. And the word quickly got around that he was from New York City. For some reason he sat beside Mary. Mary felt _18_ (please ), because there were many empty seats in the room .But she quickly realized that it wasnt her, it was probably the fact that she sat in _19_last row . _20_ he thou
23、ght he could escape attention by sitting at the back, he was wrong. It might have made it a little _21_(hard) for everybody because it meant they had to turn around, but that didnt stop the kids in the class . Of course whenever they turned to look at him, they had to look at Mary, _22_made her feel
24、 like a star.,wearing,had bought,pleased,the,Although,harder,which,“Do you need those glasses for medical reasons?” the teacher asked. The new boy shook his head.”Then Id appreciate it if you didnt wear them in class. I like to look at your eyes when Im speaking to you.” The new boy looked at the te
25、acher _23_ a few seconds and all the other students wondered _24_ the boy would do .Then he took _25_ off , gave a big smile and said “That is cool”.,for,what,them,2011年广东高考英语语法填空One Sunday morning in August I went to local music festival. I left early because I had an appointment _16_(late) that da
26、y. My friends walked me to the bus stop and waited with me 17 the bus arrived. I got on the bus and found a seat near the back, and then I noticed a man 18 _ (sit) at the front. He _19_ (pretend) that a tiger toy was real and giving it a voice. He must be _20_ (mental) disabled.Behind him were other
27、 people to _21_ he was trying to talk, but after some minutes 22 walked away and sat near me, looking annoyed.I didnt want to be laughed at for talking to him but I didnt like leaving him 23 his own either.,later,sitting,was pretending,mentally,whom,they,by,After a while I rose from my seat and walk
28、ed to the front of the bus. I sat next to the man and introduced myself. We had 24 amazing conversation. He got off the bus before me and I felt very happy the rest of the way home.Im glad I made a choice. It made 25 of us feel good.,both,an,What have you learned today?,summary,1.全国高考语法填空命题特点；2.掌握纯空格词的基本填空方法；3.突破语法填空中给词空格的正确判断，特别是谓语、非谓语及谓语时态和语态的正确判断。,Practice makes perfect.,Thank you for your attending!,
