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1、,Past perfect Tense,过去完成时,1,Past perfect Tense过去完成时1,Jack learned English.He came to England.Jack had learned English before he came to England.,现在,过去,过去的过去,2,Jack learned English.现在过去过去的过去,过去完成时,1 过去完成时的定义2 过去完成时的结构3 过去完成时的基本用法4 常用的时间状语和标志词5 过去完成时的判断依据6 总结及相应练习题,3,过去完成时1 过去完成时的定义3,Past perfect Tens
2、e 过去完成时,一、概念 过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作或状态，即过去的过去。图示如下：,过去的过去 过去 现在,time,4,Past perfect Tense 过去完成时一、概念,二、 结构特点:1 过去完成时由“助动词 had【用于各种人称和数】 + 动词过去分词”构成。 2 肯定/否定句：主语had / hadnt 动词过去 分词其它3 一般疑问句：Had 主语动词过去分词+其它？ (Yes, 主语had. / No, 主语hadnt.)4 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词had 主语动词过去分词其它？5. 被动语态形式：主语+had + been + 动词过去分
3、词+其它 When I got there, the windows had been broken.,5,二、 结构特点:5,三 基本用法,1 表示在过去某一时间之前已经完成的动作 或状态 即“过去的过去”They had left before I came back.The film had already begun when I got there.2 常用在宾语从句中: 当宾语从句的主句为一般过去时，且从句的动作先于主句的动作时，从句要用过去完成时1) He told me that he had already finished his homework.She said tha
4、t she had seen the film before.,6,三 基本用法1 表示在过去某一时间之前已经完成的动作 或状,3 表示过去某一时刻之前发生的动作或状态持续到过去某个时间或还要持续下去 When she came,I had worked for 3 hours.He had learned English for eight years before he went to England for futher study.(在去英格兰深造前，他已学了八年英语）,过去的过去 过去 现在,7,3 表示过去某一时刻之前发生的动作或状态持续到过去某个时间或,四 常用的时间状语和标志词
5、：1. 主语+过去完成时+,+ 主语+一般过去时,by the timebeforewhenby,1) the bus had already gone， by the time she came to the bus stop.2)They had left before I came back.3)The film had already begun when I got there.4)She had finished doing her homework by 10:00 this morning.,8,四 常用的时间状语和标志词：+ 主语+一般过去时by the,2.主语+一般过去时
6、+after + 主语+过去完成时,She heard her name called after he had waited for two hours.,9,2.主语+一般过去时+after + 主语+过去完成时She,注意：before, after 引导的时间状语从句中，由于 before 和 after 本身已表达了动作的先后关系，若主、从句表示的动作紧密相连，则主、从句都用一般过去时。如： 1 Before I was about to go up to my office,I decided to get a coffee first. 2 After he closed the
7、 door, he left the classroom.,10,注意：before, after 引导的时间状语从句中，由于,1. We _(learn) two thousands words by the time I went to Middle School.,Can you do it?,3. When we _(arrive) at the station, they _(wait) for more than twenty minutes.,had learned,arrived,had waited,2. I _ (know) him when I was a student
8、.,had known,4. One of the men didnt move, because he _ (break) his legs.,had broken,11,1. We _(learn) two t,5.By yesterday evening he _ that important letter.(write)6.I thought I _ the man before.(meet)7.By six oclock they _ (work) for ten hours.8.I went to Nicks house,but he _ (go) out.9.I _ (not u
9、nderstand) the problem when class was over.,had written,had met,had worked,had gone,hadnt understood,12,5.By yesterday evening he _,Summary,1 根据时间来判断：有两个动作，都发生在过去。一个先发生，一个后发生。先发生用过完，后发生用过去。2 找标志词和常用的时间状语3 过去完成时是一种相对时态，只有和过去作比较时才使用4 了解构成和基本用法。,13,Summary 1 根据时间来判断：有两个动作，都发生在,Thank you !,See you next time!,14,Thank you ! See you next time,
