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1、it的用法精讲,It的用途很广泛，可用作人称代词、指示代词、先行词及引导词等，弄懂it及其构成的句型结构，对提高听、说、读、看、写能力大有裨益。,是第三人称单数中性，代表前文已提到过一件事物。1.That vase is valuable. Its more than 200 years old. 2. I love swimming. It keeps me fit.,一. 人称代词it,当说话者不清楚或无必要知道说话对象的性别时，也可用it来表示。 Its a lovely baby. Is it a boy or a girl?,it可用来指代团体 1. The committee ha
2、s met and it has rejected the proposal.,it用以代替指示代词this, that. 1. - Whats this? - Its a pen. 2. - Whose book is that? - Its Mikes.,1.Go and see who it is. 2.- Who is making such a noise? - It must be the children.,二. 指示代词it，常用以指人,1.It is half past three now. 2. It is six miles to the nearest hospital
3、 from here. 3.It was very cold; it snowed and grew dark.,三.虚义it无指代性，常用作没有具体意义的主语，出现于表示天气、气候、温度、时间、地点、距离等意义的句子中。,1. Its awfulIve got so much work I dont know where to start. 2. How is it going with you? 3. Take it easy.,it也常用来表示一般的笼统的情况, It is time ( about time ,high time ) that . “是该做某事的时候了”。该句型中tha
4、t 后的从句应该用虚拟语气，常用过去时态表示虚拟。有时也用“should + 动词原形”，should 不能省。 如：It is time that we had breakfast. Its (about/high) time that we should take action.,it表示时间时有几个重要句型,该句型中的 that 从句用完成时态。如果主句动词be是一般现在时，后面从句用现在完成时态；如果主句动词be是一般过去时，后面从句则用过去完成时态。该结构中 that 可以省去。如：Its the third time that he has failed the driving t
5、est.It was the first time that I had been praised., It be the first ( second . ) time that . “第几次做某事了”。,主句中的be动词通常为一般现在时态或现在完成时态, since 引导的从句通常是一般过去时态。如果主句是一般过去时，从句则用过去完成时。如：It is three years since the war broke out.战争爆发以来已经有三年了。It has been three years since he lived here. 他不在这儿住有三年了。, It be+段时间+ si
6、nce . “自从以来”。,该句型中的 when 引导的是一个时间状语从句。Be动词的时态没有明确限制，点时间前不加介词。如：It was already twelve oclock when he came here., It be+点时间+ when . 当的时候，是,该句型主句中be动词的时态常是一般将来时或过去时两种时态主句中的表语多是long, not long , days , weeks 等表示时间段的词或短语。如：It will be not long before we meet again.不久我们就会再见面的。, It be+段时间+ before . “多久之后才”、“
7、不久就”。,1. The Parkers bought a new house but _ will need a lot of work before they can move in. (NMET01)A.they B.it C.one D.which2. -He was nearly drowned once. -When was _ ? -_ was in 1998 when he was in middle school.(NMET98)A.that; It B.this: This C.this: It D.that: This,经典试题,1. The Parkers bought
8、 a new house but _ will need a lot of work before they can move in. (NMET01)A.they B.it C.one D.which2. -He was nearly drowned once. -When was _ ? -_ was in 1998 when he was in middle school.(NMET98)A.that; It B.this: This C.this: It D.that: This,经典试题,3. It is almost five years _ we saw each other l
9、ast time.(北京春05)A. before B.since C.after D.when4. Scientists say it may be five or six years_itis possible to test this medicine on human patients. A.since B.after C.before D.when5.-Did Jack come back early last night? -Yes, it was not yet eight oclock _ he arrived home.（福建05）A.before B.when C.that
10、 D.until,3. It is almost five years _ we saw each other last time.(北京春05)A. before B.since C.after D.when4. Scientists say it may be five or six years_itis possible to test this medicine on human patients. A.since B.after C.before D.when13.-Did Jack come back early last night? -Yes, it was not yet e
11、ight oclock _ he arrived home.（福建05）A.before B.when C.that D.until,(1)强调句的肯定句式： It is/was被强调部分that/who句子其余部分。 It was Jane who paid for the meal yesterday. (强调主语) It is in the hall that they have had a meeting. (强调地点状语),四. 先行词it-强调句,(2) 强调句的一般疑问句： Is/Was it被强调部分that句子其余部分？ Is it tomorrow that we will
12、 have a meeting? (3) 强调句的特殊疑问句： 疑问词is/wasitthat句子其余部分？ What was it that made him so angry?,(4)若强调“not . until”结构中由until所引导的时间状语时，用固定的强调句型： It is/wasnot until .that . It was not until he took off his dark glasses that I realized he was a famous film star. 直到他摘下墨镜我才认出他是著名的影星。,判定强调句型的方法： 将itis/was和that
13、去掉后，剩余的部分仍然是一个完整的有意义的句子。,【典型例题】1. Its not doing the things we like, but liking the things we have to do_makes life happy. A. that B. which C. what D. who 2. Was it because Jack came late for school _ Mr. Smith got angry? A. why B. who C. where D. that,1.（2014湖南高考）Its not doing the things we like, bu
14、t liking the things we have to do_makes life happy. A. that B. which C. what D. who【答案】A 考查强调句型。被强调部分是not doing the things we like, but liking the things we have to do，指动作（物），故用that，选A。,2.（2014四川高考） Was it because Jack came late for school _ Mr. Smith got angry? A. why B. who C. where D. that【答案】D 强
15、调句的判断方法是将It is/was与空格去掉，来验证此句是不是一个句子成分完整的句子。经判断“Because Jack came late for school, Mr. Smith got angry.”句子成分完整，由此可以断定本句是强调句，空格处应用that。,先行词it-形式主语,it 常用来代替不定式、动名词短语或名词性从句，位于句首，而被替代的真正主语后置。常见的句型有下面几种： Its+名词+不定式。例如：Its his duty to help the old woman., It is +形容词 (+of/for sb.)+to do sth. 当该形容词是necessar
16、y, important, difficult, hard, easy, impossible等表示事物的特点或特征时,用for;当该形容词是kind, nice, good, bad, wise, clever, silly, foolish, careless, rude, brave, cruel, careful, grateful等表示人的特征或特点时,用of。如： It is difficult for us to learn English well. Its kind of you to help me., Its +名词+动名词短语。这样的名词有worth, use, goo
17、d, fun, a waste of, job, task等。如： Its fun doing this. Its no use arguing with him., Its +过去分词 +名词性从句 。常用于该句型的过去分词有: said, told, reported, known, hoped, expected, believed等。通常译为“据说(报道)”。如：Its said that he has gone to London for further study.Its reported that the president will come to visit our city
18、.,另外，用于该句型的动词还有order, command, suggest, propose, advise, demand, require. request等表示“请求，建议，命令”等词。此时that 后的从句要用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），should 可以省。如：It is suggested that the meeting (should) be put off.It was ordered that the project be completed by the end of this year., Its +名词/形容词+名词性从句。,1）It is a pity
19、 that such a thing ( should ) happen in your class. 2）It is a surprise that you gave such an answer to the question. 3）It is important that we (should) learn English well.4）It is certain that he will come tomorrow., It takes/costs sb. some time/some money to do sth. 该句型常译为“花费某人时间或金钱做某事”。例如：It took m
20、e two hours to finish the task.It cost me twenty dollars to hire a bike., It 动词从句: 这样的动词有seem, happen, appear, look, matter, turn out, strike to, occur to(突然想起)等。例如：It occurred to me that I should have a talk with my teacher.It looks as if it is going to rain this afternoon.It doesnt matter whether
21、you agree or not.,Its (just)(un)like sb. to do该句型译为“（不）像某人做某事的风格”。例如：It was (just) like him to cheat in the examIt is up to sb. to do sth. 该句型译为“该由某人负责干某事”。例如： It is up to you to look after the children.,典型例题,1. Does _ matter if he cant finish the job on time? (MET91) A.this B.that C.he D.it,典型例题,1.
22、 Does _ matter if he cant finish the job on time? (MET91) A.this B.that C.he D.it,2.The Foreign Minister said,“_our hope that the two sides will work towards peace.” （北京04）A.This is B.There is C.That is D.It is3._in the regulations that you should not tell other people the password of your e-mail ac
23、count.(上海05) A.What is required B.What requires C.It is required D.It requires,2.The Foreign Minister said,“_our hope that the two sides will work towards peace.” （北京04）A.This is B.There is C.That is D. It is3._in the regulations that you should not tell other people the password of your e-mail account.(上海05) A.What is required B.What requires C.It is required D.It requires,Thank you,
