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1、初中英语八种时态,1.一般现在时：2.一般过去时：3.现在进行时：4.过去进行时：5.一般将来时：6.过去将来时：7.现在完成时：8.过去完成时：,三个“一般”；两个“进行”；两个“完成”,初中英语八种时态使用背景,1.一般现在时：经常性,习惯性,一般性叙述,介绍2.一般过去时：描述发生在过去的动作或状态3.现在进行时：描述(当前或现在)正在发生4.过去进行时：描述(过去某时)正在发生5.一般将来时：描述(从现在来看)将要发生6.过去将来时：描述(从过去某时来看)将要发生7.现在完成时：过去发生的某事对现在的影响或结果，或从过去某时开始一直持续到现在8.过去完成时：描述发生在过去的某个动作之前
2、已经发生的事(即“过去的过去”),初中英语八种时态结构,1.一般现在时：主+谓（特例：三单现）+宾2.一般过去时：主+谓（过去式） +宾3.现在进行时：主+谓(am/is/are+v-ing)+宾4.过去进行时：主+谓(was/were+v-ing)+宾5.一般将来时：主+谓（will + v.） + 宾6.过去将来时：主+谓（would+ v.） +宾7.现在完成时：主+谓(have/has+过去分词)+宾8.过去完成时：主+谓（had+过去分词） +宾,初中英语八种时态结构,1.一般现在时：主+谓（特例：三单现）+宾2.一般过去时：主+谓（过去式） +宾3.现在进行时：主+谓(am/is/
3、are+v-ing)+宾4.过去进行时：主+谓(was/were+v-ing)+宾5.一般将来时：主+谓（will + v.） + 宾6.过去将来时：主+谓（would+ v.） +宾7.现在完成时：主+谓(have/has+过去分词)+宾8.过去完成时：主+谓（had+过去分词） +宾请大家注意上述各种时态的否定句，一般疑问句（含肯定/否定回答）和特殊疑问句,初中英语八种时态的否定结构,1.一般现在时：主+dont/doesnt谓（原形）+宾2.一般过去时：主+didnt谓（原形） +宾3.现在进行时：主+谓(am/is/are not + v-ing)+宾4.过去进行时：主+谓(was/w
4、ere not + v-ing)+宾5.一般将来时：主+谓（will not + v.） + 宾6.过去将来时：主+谓（would not + v.） +宾7.现在完成时：主+谓(have/has not +过去分词)+宾8.过去完成时：主+谓（had not+过去分词） +宾,被动语态,结构（structure）：主语+ be + 过去分词 + by sb.表示“被”，不同时态下的被动语态，主要看be动词的变换，下面我们来看各种时态下的被动语态形式和变化。,各种时态下的被动语态,1、一般现在时：am /is /are + 过去分词2、一般过去时：was /were + 过去分词3、现在进行时
5、：am/is/are being+ 过去分词4、过去进行时：was /were being+ 过去分词5、一般将来时：will be + 过去分词6、过去将来时：would be + 过去分词7、现在完成时：have /has been+ 过去分词8、过去完成时：had been+ 过去分词,所有红体字都代表be动词的时态变化,各种时态下的被动语态,1、一般现在时：I help him.He is helped by me. 2、一般过去时：I helped him.He was helped by me. 3、现在进行时：I am helping him.He is being helped
6、 by me. 4、过去进行时：I was helping him.He was being helped by me.,各种时态下的被动语态,5、一般将来时：I will help him.He will be helped by me. 6、过去将来时：I would help him.He would be helped by me. 7、现在完成时：I have helped him.He has been helped by me. 8、过去完成时：I had helped him.He had been helped by me.,练习：填空并转换成被动句,1、一般现在时：Jack
7、 (write) English. 2、一般过去时：Jack (write) English. 3、现在进行时：Jack (write) English. 4、过去进行时：Jack (write) English. 5、一般将来时：Jack (write) English. 6、过去将来时：Jack (write) English. 7、现在完成时：Jack (write) English. 8、过去完成时：Jack (write) English.,答案：,1、一般现在时：Jack writes English.English is written by Jack.2、一般过去时：Jack
8、wrote English.English was written by Jack. 3、现在进行时：Jack is writing English.English is being written by Jack. 4、过去进行时：Jack was writing English.English was being written by Jack.,5、一般将来时：Jack will write English.English will be written by Jack.6、过去将来时：Jack would write English.English would be written b
9、y Jack. 7.现在完成时：Jack has written English.English has been written by Jack. 8、过去完成时：Jack had written English.English had been written by Jack.,补充部分,1. 主动结构表被动意义,open, write , read , sell , wash等词作不及物动词时，它们的主语为物，可以用主动语态表被动意义。, This kind of shirt sells well.,2. look, sound, taste, smell等系动词用主动表被动意义。例：
10、It smells wonderful. Moon-cakes taste delicious.,3. 在be worth doing中,doing表被动意义。例：This book is worth reading.,4. want/need/require + doing =want/need/require + to be done 例：My bike needs repairing. =My bike needs to be repaired. 我的自行车需要修理。,1. The window is dirty.-I know. It _ for weeks.hasnt cleaned
11、 B.didnt cleanC. wasnt cleaned D. hasnt been cleaned2. The heros story _differently in the newspapers.was reported B. was reportingreports D. reported3.Why did you leave that position?-I _a better position at IBM.offer B. offered C.am offered D.was offered4. More than a dozen students in that school_abroad to study medicine last year.A. sent B. were sent C.had sent D.had been sent,
