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1、Unit 3,A healthy life,知识清单,(一) 基本单词,1. _ vt. 滥用; 虐待2. _ adj. 性的; 性别的3. _ n. 压力 vt. 加压力于4. _ n. 青少年 5. _ vt. 禁止, 取缔6. _ adj. 入了迷的7. _ adj. 无意识的,abuse,sexual,stress,adolescence,ban,addicted,automatic,8. _ adj. 欠款的; 到期的9. _ adj. 精神的; 智力的10. _ n. 结果; 效力,due,mental,effect,11. strengthen vt. _12. desperat
2、e adj. _13. disappointed adj. _14. ashamed adj. _15. illegal adj. _,加强; 巩固,不顾一切的; 绝望的,失望的; 沮丧的,感到惭愧的,不合法的; 非法的,16. survival n. _17. female adj. _18. prejudice n. _19. judgement n. _20. awkward adj. _,幸存者; 幸存,女(性)的; 雌性的,偏见; 成见,判断; 看法; 判决,局促不安的; 笨拙的,1. _ vt. 加强; 巩固; 使坚强 vi. 变强 _ adj. 强大的, 强壮的 _ n. 力量,
3、 力气,strength,strong,(二) 派生单词,strengthen,2. _ adj. 入了迷的, 上了瘾的 _ v. 使沉溺, 热衷于 _ n. 热衷, 沉溺, 嗜好 _ 搭配沉溺于, 对有瘾,be addicted to/addict oneself to,addict,addiction,addicted,3. _ n. 结果; 效力 _ adj. 有效的 _ adv. 有效地 _ vt. 影响,effective,effectively,affect,effect,4. _ adj. 失望的; 沮丧的 _ vt. 使失望; 使沮丧 _ adj. 令人失望的; 令人沮丧的 _
4、 n. 失望; 沮丧,disappoint,disappointing,disappointment,disappointed,5. _ adj. 感到惭愧或羞耻的 _ n. 羞耻; 惭愧; 遗憾的事情 _ adj. 可耻的; 惭愧的 _ adj. 无耻的; 不知羞耻的,shame,shameful,shameless,ashamed,6. _ n. 压力; 重音 vt. 加压力于 _ adj. 产生压力的; 紧张的 _ adj. 感到有压力的; 紧张的,stressful,stressed,stress,1. 节食, 控制饮食 _2. 冒险 _3. 习惯于某事 _ _4. 对上瘾 _5. 对
5、造成损害 _,go / be on a diet,take risks / take a risk,be/become accustomed to (doing) sth.,be addicted to,do damage to,(三) 短语,6. 形成习惯 _ _7. 列出 _ 8. 伸手去拿 _9. 被感染 _ _10. 处境危险 _,get into / form / develop the habit of .,make a list of,reach for,be / become infected with / by,at risk,11. lead a healthy life
6、_12. in spite of _13. give up _14. make a judgment _15. feel like doing _,过着健康的生活,尽管, 不顾, 不管,放弃,做出判断,想做某事,16. take seriously _17. ban sb. from doing sth. _18. be ashamed of _ _19. decide on _20. stand for _,认真对待,禁止某人做某事,对感到惭愧或羞耻,对做出决定,代表,核心要点,1. abuse n. 滥用, 妄用; 虐待, 伤害; 辱骂 vt. 滥用; 虐待; 辱骂, 诋毁 【教材原句】
7、drug abuse 滥用药物,【拓展】 alcohol abuse 酗酒 abuse of power 职权的弊端,(一)单词,根据汉语意思补全下列句子。1) 这个人滥用自己作为经理的职权, 给他的朋友们安排工作。 This man _ as manager by _. 2) 该组织对严重侵犯人权的行为负有责任。The organisation was responsible for _.,abused his position,giving jobs to his friends,serious human rights abuses,【拓展】 under the stress (of)
8、在压力下 play/place/put lay stress on sth. 强调某事物 stress the importance of 强调的重要性,2. stress n. 压力; 重音 vt. 加压力于; 使紧张,根据汉语提示完成下列句子。1) 人在压力之下, 办事情就容易出差错。 Things can easily go wrong when people are _.2) 我必须强调我们没有多少时间了。 I must _ we havent much time.3) 在演讲中, 他特别强调了出版自由。 During his speech, he _ _ the freedom of
9、 the press.,under stress,stress that,put/placed/laid,particular stress on,3. ban vt. 禁止; 取缔 n. 禁令; 谴责 后常接介词on 【教材原句】 Do you think smoking should be banned? 你认为吸烟应该被禁止吗？,【归纳】 ban sth. / ban sb. from doing sth. 禁止某人或某物做某事 a ban on sth. 对某事物的禁止令,ban sb. from (doing) sth. 禁止某人(做)某事(常用被动式)a ban on sb. /s
10、th. 禁止某人或某事物,根据括号内的汉语提示补全下列句子。1) The man _ _ (被禁止离开法国).2) _ _ (应 该禁止大声说话) in the library.,was banned from leaving,There should be a ban on talking loudly/ Talking loudly should be banned,France,4. due adj. 欠款的; 预定的; 到期的 【教材原句】 I think long and active life must be due to the healthy life I live. 我想我之
11、所以长寿而且精力充沛, 要归功于我的健康生活。,【拓展】 be due to do sth. 预期做某事, 预定要做某事 be due to sth. / doing sth. / sb. 归因于某事/做某事应支付 be due for sth. 应有; 应得到,将下列句子翻译成英语。1) 多数问题是人为错误造成的。2) 罗斯一月份就要开始上学了。,Most of the problems were due to human error.,Rose is due to start school in January.,5. addicted adj. 入了迷的; 上了瘾的 【教材原句】 You
12、 see, during adolescence I also smoked and became addicted to cigarettes. 你知道, 当我还是一个十几岁孩子的时候, 我也吸过烟, 而且还上了瘾。,【拓展】 be / become addicted to 沉溺于, 醉心于 addict oneself to 使自己沉溺于、醉心于 addiction n. 入迷; 上瘾,【拓展】 quit doing sth. 放弃/停止干某事 quit office 离职 quit school 退学 quit ones hometown 离开家乡 be quit of 摆脱, 脱离,
13、免除,6. quit vi. 离开; 辞职; 停止 vt. 离开; 放弃, 解除; 停止 【教材原句】 I was addicted in all three ways, so it was very difficult to quit. 我之所以上瘾是有着这三个方面的原因的, 因此, 要戒烟就很难。,【拓展】 have an/little/no effect on 对有/几乎没有/无影响 put/bring sth. into effect 实施, 实行, 使生效,7. effect n. 结果; 效力 【教材原句】 When I was young, I didnt know much a
14、bout the harmful effects of smoking. 在我年轻的时候, 关于吸烟的危害性我知 道得并不多。,come into effect / take effect (法律、规则或制度)生效; 实施in effect 实际上 side effect 副作用根据括号内的汉语提示完成句子。1) What I said _ (对他没有作用).2) The new tax law will _ (开始实施) next year.,had no effect on him,come/go into effect,【拓展】 be ashamed of 因而感到惭愧 be asham
15、ed to do sth. 耻于做某事 be ashamed that . 对惭愧 be ashamed of doing sth. 做某事感到惭愧 be ashamed of sth. 对感到惭愧,8. ashamed adj. 感到惭愧或羞耻的 【教材原句】 If you weaken and have a cigarette, do not feel ashamed. 如果你因意志衰弱而又 抽烟了, 也不要觉得难为情。,根据括号内的提示翻译下列句子。1) 他耻于承认他犯的错误。(be ashamed to do sth.)2) 我真惭愧我对她撒谎了。(be ashamed that .)
16、,He was ashamed to admit (to) his mistake.,Im ashamed that I lied to her.,3) 他对自己只做了这么一点儿工作感到惭愧。(be ashamed of doing sth.)4) 她对自己在聚会上的表现深感惭愧。(be ashamed of sth.),He was ashamed of having done so little work.,She was deeply ashamed of her behavior at the party.,1. be/become/get accustomed to (doing)
17、sth.变得习惯 【教材原句】 This means that after a while your body becomes accustomed to having nicotine in it. 这就是说, 过一段时间以后, 你的身体习惯了 香烟里的尼古丁。,【联想】 be / become / get used to (doing) sth. 变得习惯 get adapted to 习惯于,(二)短语,2. feel like (doing) sth. 想要 / 喜欢(做)某事物 【教材原句】 Every time you feel like smoking a cigarette,
18、remind yourself that you are a non-smoker. 每当你想要吸烟的时候, 你就提醒你自 己, 你(已经)是不吸烟的人了。,【归纳】 feel like (doing) 后跟名词或动词-ing形式; 也可意为“摸起来像、像是 ”。【拓展】 would like也可表示“想要”, 后跟名词或动词不定式。,根据括号内的汉语提示完成下列句子。1) My foreign friends _ _ (想吃一些饺子).2) The old couple _ _ (愿意去散步) after dinner.3) Im holding something _ (摸起来像是土豆).
19、,feel like / would like,feel like going out for a,that feels like a potato,some dumplings,walk/would like to go out for a walk,3. in spite of 不顾; 不管 【教材原句】 In spite of all his efforts he failed. 尽管他很努力但却失败了。,【拓展】 despite prep. 尽管 in spite of / despite the fact that although / though 从句 不管; 尽管 in spi
20、te of oneself 不由自主地 regardless of 不管, 不顾,根据括号内的汉语提示完成下列句子。1) _ (尽管他付出了所有努力), he failed.2) They set out in the morning _ (不顾大雨).,In spite of all his efforts,in spite of the heavy rain,4. take risks (a risk) 冒险 【教材原句】 He felt he had to make up his mind on every step instead of taking risks. 他认为, 他必须下决
21、心走好每一步, 而不 是去冒险。,【拓展】 at risk to sb. / sth. 冒失去或殃及的危险 at all risks / at any risk 无论冒什么危险; 无论如何 at the risk of doing sth. 冒着的风险 run the risk of doing sth. 冒做某事的危险 / 风险; 冒险做某事 risk doing sth. 冒做某事的风险; 冒险做某事,根据中英文提示完成下列句子。1) 他冒着自己的生命危险救了我的命。 He saved my life _ his own.2) 他不愿意冒丧失金钱的风险。 He is not willing
22、 to _ losing his money.3) 他们准备冒险独自去旅行。 They are prepared to _ on their own.,at the risk of,run/take the risk of,risk traveling,5. get into 陷入; 染上(坏习惯); (尤指费力 地)穿上; 开始从事; 参与, 开 始(某事) 【教材原句】 Of course the best way to deal with these drugs is not to get into the habit in the first place. 当然对付这些毒品最好的办法是
23、首先不要 养成这一习惯。,【联想】 get rid of 摆脱, 逃离 get away from 从中逃脱 get out of 从中出来 get outside of 到外面去,翻译下列句子。1) I cant get into these shoes theyre too small.2) He wouldnt take advice, and now he has got into difficulties.3) Dont let yourself get into bad habits.,这双鞋太小, 我穿不进去。,他不听忠告, 结果现在陷入困境。,别让自己染上恶习。,(三)句式,1
24、. It seems amazing that at my age I am still fit enough to cycle 20 kilometres in an afternoon. 感到惊奇吧, 像我这样的年纪, 身体健康而且能在一个下午骑车跑20公里。 “it seems . that . ”句式中, it是形式主语, that引导的名词性从句作真实主语。该句型使句子成分平衡, 结构美观。,2. When I was taken off the school football team because I was unfit, I knew that it was time to
25、quit smoking. 当我因为不健康而被学校足球队除名之 后, 我才知道是我该戒烟的时候了。 “it was time to do sth.” 句式表示“是时候 该做某事了”, 其中, it是形式主语, 不定 式短语作真实主语, 当真实主语为从句 时, 常用虚拟语气。,3. Every time you feel like smoking a cigarette, remind yourself that you are a nonsmoker. 每当你想要吸烟的时候, 你就提醒你自 己, 你(已经)是不吸烟的人了。 every time (每次)起连词的作用, 引导 时间状语从句。其作
26、用相当于从属连词 when或once。,“it”的用法(一)用作人称代词, 指代上文提到的事物、动物、性别不明或没必要知道性别的人。如：I cant find my pen. It was on my desk a minute ago.Mary has got a dog; she has had it for five months.The baby next door kept me awake. It cried all night.,(四)语法,用作非人称代词, 用来指代天气、距离、时间等。如：It was raining this morning.Its two miles to
27、the beach.Its a long time since they left.用作引导词。1. 用作形式主语, 真正的主语为不定式短语、 动词-ing形式短语或名词性从句。如：It is impolite to talk loudly in public places.It was pleasant and comfortable sitting there.It seems that we are not welcome here.,2. 用作形式宾语, 真正的宾语为不定式短 语、 动词-ing形式短语或名词性从句。如：I find it hard to give a speech i
28、n public.I think it no good learning without practice.We found it astonishing that he gave up the opportunity to go abroad.,根据括号内的汉语提示补全下列句子。1. _ (天气很暖和) at the moment. 2. _ (我觉得奇怪) that Jennifer doesnt want to travel. 3. John said _ _ (继续这个实验是很重要的).,Its quite warm,I find it strange,its important to
29、 continue with,the experiment,4. Her babys due next month. She hopes _ (是个男孩). 5. Dont you think _ (与吉姆争论是没有用的)?,it will be a boy,it is no use arguing with Jim,如何写建议信【写作任务】假如你是李华。你的笔友Peter写信向你寻求一些关于健康生活的建议, 请你用英语给他写一封回信。注意：词数120左右。,(五)写作,【写作指导】这是一封建议信。建议信是向收信人就某事提出自己的建议或忠告, 以便让对方接受自己的想法、主张并解决有关问题。建议
30、信要给出写信的原因, 建议的内容, 提出建议的理由。注意：语气一定要得当, 既要委婉礼貌, 又要有说服力。就本篇习作而言, 我们可按以下步骤来写：,第一段：表明写作意图; 第二段：就如何过健康的生活给出具体的建议及理由; 第三段：进行总结, 并礼貌地表达希望建议能被采纳。,【常用表达】I am writing to express my views concerning .I would like to suggest that .,It is necessary .I think it would be more beneficial if you .I hope you will take
31、 my advice into account / consideration.I hope you will find these proposals / suggestions / advice practical / useful / helpful.,【参考范文】Dear Peter, As we all know, physical health is one of the most important things for us. I am writing to express my views concerning how to lead a healthy life.First
32、 of all, keeping a balanced diet is necessary to keep fit. You should eat more fruit and vegetables, which can provide vitamins to keep your body strong.,Then, doing exercise regularly is also important. You can choose running, playing basketball, playing tennis and so on. Whats more, I think it wou
33、ld be more beneficial if you have a regular bed time. Last but not least, spending less time on TV, computer games or mobile phones will be good for you.I hope you will find these suggestions helpful. Im looking forward to your reply.,高考链接,1. (2011四川) Lydia doesnt feel like _ (study) abroad. Her par
34、ents are old. 答案：studying 本题考查非谓语动词的固定搭配feel like doing sth.在具体语境中的运用。 句意：莉蒂亚不想出国学习, 因为她的父母都上年纪了。,2. (2014江西改编) It is unbelievable that Mr. Lucas leads a simple life _ his great wealth. 答案：despite考查介词用法。 句意：真是令人难以置信, 卢卡斯先生尽管很富有但还过着简朴的生活。despite尽管(in spite of), 符合题意。,3. (2012江西改编) Ive got _ the habit
35、 of calling in on my grandparents on my way home from school. 答案：into 句意：我养成了在放学回家的路上看望爷爷奶奶的习惯。 get into“养成(习惯), 染上(毛病)”。,4. They are quiet, arent they? Yes. They are accustomed to not _ (talk) at meals. 答案：talking be accustomed to“习惯, 适应”, to为介词, 后接动名词作宾语。 答句句意：他们习惯了在吃饭的时候不说话。,巩固练习,I. 根据括号内的汉语提示补全下
36、列句子。1. At the age of 14 _ _ (他沉迷于电脑游戏).2. I was late _ (因为交通拥挤). 3. Dont _ (对作出决定) important matters too quickly.4. The film _ (对她影响极大).,he was addicted to,due to the heavy traffic,decide on,had quite an effect on her,computer games,5. He is _ (所受压力很大) because his wife is very ill.6. Lily _ (不想参加聚会)
37、, but she doesnt know how to refuse the invitation.7. The boy _ _ (不习惯这么早起床).8. The flood _ (对造成了很大的损害) the crops.,under a lot of stress,doesnt feel like going to the party,isnt accustomed to getting up,did great damage to,so early,II. 阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。,Bodies are made to move
38、! 1. _ are not made for staying in front of the television or reading magazines all the time. Keeping fit doesnt mean you have to be a super athlete and even a little exercise can give you a lot of fun. When you are fit and 2. _ (health), you will find you look better and feel better.,They,healthy,Y
39、oull develop more energy and 3. _ (self-confident).Every time you move, you are exercising. The human body 4. _ (design) to bend, stretch, run, jump and climb. The more it does, the 5. _ (strong) it will become. Best of all, exercise is fun. Its 6. _ your body likes doing most keeping on the move.,s
40、elf-confidence,is designed,stronger,what,Physical exercise is not only good 7. _ your body. People 8. _ take regular exercise are usually happier, more relaxed and more alert than those 9. _ (sit) around all day. Try an experiment next time youre in 10. _ bad mood, go for a walk or play a ball game.,for,who/that,sitting,a,人有了知识，就会具备各种分析能力，明辨是非的能力。所以我们要勤恳读书，广泛阅读，古人说“书中自有黄金屋。”通过阅读科技书籍，我们能丰富知识，培养逻辑思维能力；通过阅读文学作品，我们能提高文学鉴赏水平，培养文学情趣；通过阅读报刊，我们能增长见识，扩大自己的知识面。有许多书籍还能培养我们的道德情操，给我们巨大的精神力量，鼓舞我们前进。,
