《高一英语语法点期末复习ppt课件.pptx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《高一英语语法点期末复习ppt课件.pptx（47页珍藏版）》请在三一办公上搜索。
1、否定词放在句首,1.,否定词或含有否定意义的短语位于句首时引起句子的部分倒装，即把be动词/情态动词/助动词提到主语的前面。 never, rarely, seldom, little, few, neither, nor, by no means / in no way绝不, in no case在任何情况下都不,决不, not until.Never have I heard anything like that.我从未听说过这样的事情。Hardly did we go to the cinema when we were at middle school. 我们上中学时几乎不去看电影。L
2、ittle does he care about what others think. 他很少关心别人在想什么。Seldom/Rarely have they played video games ever since they entered college. 他们自从上了大学就很少玩儿电脑游戏。In no case should you give up. 在任何情况下你都不应该放弃。Not until the film had begun did she arrive.直到电影开始她才到。（*注意Not until位于句首，主导从不倒）,only+状语,2.,“only+状语”位于句首时，
3、引起句子的部分倒装eg. Only then did I realize the importance of health. 只有到那时我才意识到健康的重要性。练习：Only in this way_solve the problem.只有用这种方法我们才能解决这个问题。仿句：只有用这种方法你的英语才能取得进步。_错题重现：1.only through face-recognition technology or by using a code can_(user) accept the delivery.2.only by putting them in some kind of prote
4、ctive area can they_(save).,can we,Only in this way can you make progress in your English,users,be saved,not only.but also.,3.,not only.but also.考点一：连接两个主语时，谓语动词采取就近原则Not only you but also he _(be) fond of watching football matches.-Not only he but also you_(be) fond of.考点二：not only位于句首时，其后的句子要部分倒装，
5、但是要注意but also后的句子仍用陈述语序。eg. Not only does Lily like listening to music,but also she likes sports. Lily不但喜欢听音乐，而且喜欢体育运动。经典作文句子背诵：Not only can reading enrich our knowledge,but also it can broaden our horizons.阅读不仅可以丰富我们的知识，还能开阔我们的视野。,is,are,就近、就远原则,4.,【就近原则】代表词汇：there be+句型; or ; either or；nor; neithe
6、rnor；whetheror；notbut; not onlybut also ; .e.g.What he does or what he says does not concern me. 他的行为或言谈都与我无关.Neither you nor I am wrong. 你和我都没错.Not you but your father is to blame.不是你,而是你的父亲该受责备.Not only you but(also) he is wrong.不仅你错了,他也错了.,【就远原则】代表词汇as well as；（together/along）with；rather than而不是；
7、except；besides；but除了；.E.G：Nobody but two students is in the classroom.除了这两个学生,没有人在教室 Everybody except you is down on me.除了你,大家都看不起我.A woman with two children has come.一位妇女带着两个孩子已经来了.John,rather than his roommates,is to blame.约翰,而不是他的室友,应该受到责备.Jim,together with his classmates,has seen the film.吉姆和他的同
8、学都看过这部电影.The son,as well as his parents,wants to go there.不但儿子想去那儿,而且他的父母也想去.The teacher,as well as the students,is interested in the activity.老师也和同学们一样对这项活动有兴趣,状语从句的省略,5.,在if/while/when/unless/as if/although等引导的状语从句中,如果主从句的主语一致并且从句的谓语动词含有be动词时,可以省略从句的主语和be动词*出题模式：when/while/if/unless等连词后没有主语，直接让以动词
9、的适当形式填空*做题方法：判断给出动词和主句主语之间是什么关系，主动用doing,被动用doneeg.When(I was) seeing it for the first time,I made up my mind to write something every day.When (I was) in trouble, I often told myself not to lose heart in the diary.练习: Unless _(invite), he has decided not to take part in that activity.While_(cross)t
10、he road,you cant be too careful.When_(ask),he owed his success to his wife.如果从句中主语是it,谓语动词中含有be动词，可以省略it is/was常见结构如if/when possible/necessary等,invited,crossing,asked,with的复合结构,6.,with的复合结构：with+宾语+宾补(宾补可以是n./adj./adv/介词短语/doing/done/to do,其中doing表示主动,done表示被动,to do表示将来)*考查方式：填with/without填doing/don
11、e/to do练习：I cant do my homework with the noise_(go) on.With his hair_(cut),he looks much younger.With a lot of homework_(do),she couldnt go out.*区分：as和with都有“随着”之意，as是连词，后跟句子，谓语动词该用什么时态用什么时态，with是介词，后跟复合结构_time went by/on, his theory proved to be true._time going by/on,.As spring _(draw) near/ With
12、spring_(draw)near,its becoming warmer and warmer.,going,cut,to do,As,With,draws,drawing,what引导名词性从句,7.,what引导名词性从句(主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句)，并且在所引导的名词性从句中充当名词成分(主语、宾语、表语)，通常翻译为“.的东西/事情/人.”*做题方法：翻译为主，翻译解决不了的话再分析句子结构*that也可引导名词性从句，注意that 与 what 的用法区别that在从句中不作任何成分,只起连接作用,也没有实际意义what在从句中充当句子成分(主/宾/表),意为“.的事情/东西/
13、人”*注意that引导名词性从句和定语从句的区别：定从前一定有名词或代词做先行词That he passed the exam made us amazed. （that引导主从） I heard that he joined the army. （that引导宾从）One problem is that I dont looked any different from other people.（that引导表从）,1.The following was what he had seen.2.What amazed us was that he passed the maths test.3
14、.He is not what he used to be.4.That is what I want to tell you.5.They have done what they can (do) to help her.6.He shook his head,for(因为) he didnt agree with what his friends had said.*重点区分：The news that they told me excited me. (that引导定从) The news that our team won excited me. (that引导同位语从句),表从缺宾,
15、主从缺主,表从缺表,表从缺宾,宾从缺宾,宾从缺宾,since,8.,考点一：since 自从.,主句用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时句型：it is/has been+时间段+since sb. did sth.His sister left home in 1998, and _(hear)of since.Great changes_(take) place in my hometown since 2000.It_(be)four years since I came here.考点二：since conj.既然,因为Since you are unable to answer, perh
16、aps I should ask someone else. ?Since everyone is here, lets begin our meeting. ?,hasnt been heard,have taken,is/has been,既然你回答不了，也许我该问别人。,既然人到齐了，咱们开会吧。,某人第一次做某事,9.,It/This/That is the first/second/third.time (that) sb. have/has done sth.It/This/That was the first/second/third.time (that) sb. had do
17、ne sth. 这是某人第.次做某事*考点：注意前后时态的搭配It is the first time that he_(be) there.It was the first time that he_(be) there.,has been,had been,曾有一段时间.,10.,There was a time when.*考点：whenThere was a time_ he was crazy about watching football match.,when,while,11.,while conj.当.时(区分：while从句的谓语动词应是连续性动词，when从句的谓语动词可
18、以是延续性动词也可以是短暂性动词 *做题技巧：填when就对啦) 虽然,尽管=although 而，然而(表示一种轻微的对比或转折)Some people waste food while others havent enough.有些人浪费粮食,然而有些人却吃不饱。While we were swimming in the river,we saw a fish jump out of the water.当我们正在河中游泳时,看见一条鱼跃出了水面.While I see what you say,I cant agree with you.虽然我能理解你说的话,但是我不能同意你.,When
19、,12.,was/were about to do sth. when.正要做.这时(突然).was/were doing sth. when.正在做.这时(突然).had done sth. when.刚做完.这时(突然).I was thinking of this when I heard my name called. 我正想着这件事，正在这时,突然听到有人叫我的名字。We were about to start when it began to rain. 我们正要出发，就在这时开始下雨了。She had just finished her homework when her mot
20、her asked her to practice playing the piano. 她刚做完作业，这时她妈妈让她去练琴。,强调句型,13.,强调句型结构：it is/was+被强调部分+that/who+句子其他成分一般疑问句：Is/Was it+被强调部分+that/who+句子其他成分特殊疑问句：疑问词+is/was it that/who+句子其他成分*注意：被强调部分是人时，that可换成who判断依据：去掉it is/was和that后句子依然结构完整，句意完整当被强调部分是句子主语时，其后的谓语动词应与主语在人称和数上保持一致该强调句型用来强调句子的主语、宾语、状语，不用于强
21、调谓语动词，若强调谓语动词要使用助动词do,does或didIt is not the money_ matters but the time and working experience.It was in 1949_the scientist returned to China.,that,that,I met Mary in the street yesterday.It was I that met Mary in the street yesterday.It was Mary that I met in the street yesterday.It was in the stre
22、et that I met Mary yesterday. It was yesterday that I met Mary in the street.,“not.until.句型”的强调句型为：It is/was not until.+that+其他部分He didnt leave until I came back.It was not until I came back that he left.,so such,14.,eg.1.You are interested in such things.2.He told us such a funny story.-He told us
23、so funny a story.3.There are so many people/ so many students/ so few days.练习：There is _ little time that we cant finish work on time.They are _ little children that they cant do anything.*感叹词what用法类比such,how用法类比so,so+,adj./adv.,adj.+a/an+n.,many/much/few/little+n.,such+,n.,a/an+adj.+n.,adj.+n.,so,s
24、uch,主语+be+adj.+不定式,15.,“主语+be+adj.+不定式”结构中须注意：不定式和句子的主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系，若不定式是不及物动词，其后应加相应的介词。eg. The book is difficult to understand.这本书很难懂。The machine is very easy_ (operate).这个机器很容易操作。*易错题：The man is hard to get along with.这个人很难相处。The house is comfortable to live in.这个房子住着很舒服。,to operate,leave+宾语+宾补,16.
25、,leave “使.处于某种状态”，构成的句式为： 现在分词：表示主动、进行 过去分词：表示被动、完成 n./adj./adv./介词短语eg. 1. The boy went out to play, leaving his homework undone/unfinished(分词作状语).这个男孩没写完作业就出去玩了2.Dont leave her waiting outside in the rain.不要让她在外面淋雨等着。 3.The window was left open.窗户开着。练习：1.A good story doesnt necessarily have a happ
26、y ending, but the readers must not be left_. A.unsatisfied B.unsatisfying C.to be unsatisfying D.being unsatisfied2.His remarks(评论)left me_(wonder) about his real purpose.,leave+宾语+宾补,A,wondering,make let have get,17.,1.let sb. do sth.2.make sb. do sth.-sb. be made to do sth. make sth./oneself done3
27、.have sb./sth. do/doing/done(doing表示让.一直处于某种状态，done表示被动)4.get sb./sth. to do/doing/done(doing表示让.一直处于某种状态，done表示被动)eg. 1.They were made_(work) for long hours.2.She tried to make herself_(understand) while giving her talk.3.She had him _(wait) for her for two hours.4.A stressful journey to work gets
28、your blood pressure_(climb).紧张的上班路途会让你的血压升高。,to work,understood,waiting,climbing,半否定,18.,all、both、every和every的合成词与否定词not、never等连用时，表示部分否定，意为“不是所有的.都.”。no、none、nobody、nothing、never、neither、no one、nowhere、等表示否定意义的词与肯定式谓语连用表示全否定。eg. 半否定：All the students are friendly.=Not all the sutdents are friendly.并
29、不是所有的学生都很友好。全否定：None of the students are friendly.所有的学生都不友好。,特殊连词,19.,1.一.就. as soon as=the moment/minute/second/instant =immediately/instantly/dirrectly2.each/every time每次，每当 next time下次any time任何时候 last time上次 by the time到.时为止 the first time第一次.eg. 1.The first time he met her, he fell in love with
30、 her.-When he met her for the first time, he fell in love with her.一见钟情2.Alisha fell asleep the moment she got into bed.,表将来的几种时态,20.,1.will/shall do表将来，shall一般用于第一人称 I will go there by myself.*2.be doing表将来：arrive、come、go、leave等位移动词进行时可表将来。Im leaving tomorrow.明天我要离开。3.be going to do表将来：表示计划、安排、打算或已
31、经决定要做某事；也可表示根据某种迹象即将要发生的事情。Are you going to watch the football match this afternoon?Look at the black clouds. There is going to be a storm.看这乌云。这里将有一场暴风雨。4.be to do表将来：表示按计划、安排即将发生的动作。这种用法比较正式，常见于报纸、广播等中。也可表示命令、禁止等The meeting is to take place next Monday.Such questions are to be avoided.这类问题必须避免。,5.
32、be about to do表将来：表示眼下即将发生的事情，一般不与时间状语连用。The train is about to leave.*6.一般现在时表将来：表示按照日程表或时刻表将要发生的事，如火车/汽车出发、船只离岸、飞机起飞等The plane takes off at 14:00 pm.飞机将在下午2点起飞。,情态动词+have done,21.,1.must have done译成“一定做过某事”，表示对过去的一种肯定的推测，该结构只用于肯定句。 It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet. 昨晚一定下雨了，因为地面
33、还是湿的。2.could+have+done“本能够做某事（而事实上并没做）”。He could have passed the exam, but he was too careless. 他本来能够通过考试，但是他太粗心。3.would have done“本来会做某事”。 we would have had a pleasant journey but for the rain. 要不是这场雨，我本来会有一次愉快的旅程。,4.“should+have+done” 意思是“本来应该做某事，而实际没做。”“shouldnt+have+done”表示本来不应该做某事，而实际做了。 Tom, you are too lazy. The work should have been finished yesterday. 汤姆，你太懒惰了，这项工作本来应该昨天就做完的。Look, Tom is crying. I shouldnt have been so harsh on him. 看，汤姆哭了，我本来不应该对他如此严厉。,
