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1、高考阅读理解之细节理解题解题技巧,Strategies for Reading ComprehensionQuestions of Details,1,英语阅读理解涉及应用文、记叙文、 说明文、叙议结合等篇章, “考试说明”中明确提出阅读考查的是以下阅读能力：1）理解主旨和要义(main idea)2）理解文中具体信息(detailed information)3）根据上下文猜测生词和短语的词义(guess)4）作出判断和推理(inference)5）理解文章的基本结构(structure)6）理解作者的意图、观点和态度(intention/attitude),2,一、阅读理解主要题型,事实细
2、节题（the detail question),推理判断题(the Inference Question ),主旨大意题(The Title/main idea Question),词义猜测题(Words in the Context ),3,What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 3 refer to ?,What is Paragraph 1 mainly about?,It is implied in Paragraph 1 that_,Who can apply to use the computer rooms?/ Which
3、of the following is true?,二、历年高考阅读理解细节题常见设题方式,1What is the total number of students who earned a C or better?2. Why did Delta give the authors family credits? 3. Who came up with the phrase according to the passage? 4. How did the author finally get his TV set working again?5 When did the boy stop w
4、orking with the old man?（6. Where does the support for environmental protection mainly come from?,事件,因果,人物,方式,地点,Wh-问题,4,时间,7. Which of the following statements about the girl is true / NOT true / false, according to the passage?8. Which is NOT mentioned as an advantage of integrative medicine?All t
5、he following statements are (not) true except Which of the following would Edward Glaeser agree with?11. How many locked rooms can students and teaching staff use?,二、历年高考阅读理解细节题常见设题方式,5,T/F 问题,计算 问题,三、原题重现,These rooms are available for classes or seminars and so on. The total number of seats is 88.
6、Only teaching staff can apply to use the computer rooms and reserve them one day in advance. Who can apply to use the computer rooms?Teachers. B. Visiting scholars.C. Graduate students. D. Teachers and students.,直接信息题 直接从原文找答案,6,三、原题重现,The festival will conclude with the Book Prizes Ceremony, where
7、the best book prizesas judged by our panel of expertswill be presented. How are the best book prizes chosen?By a group of experts.By a vote of the authors.By the reading public.By festival sponsors.,直接信息题同义词转换judgechooseour panel of expertsa group of experts,7,三、原题重现,Students and teaching staff can
8、use these rooms for group study. Students are advised to use unlocked rooms (3 rooms for 2 people, 2 rooms for 4 people) available for free. When you use locked rooms (2 rooms for 4 people, 1 room for 10 people), you need to go through reservation procedures at the circulation desk.How many locked r
9、ooms can students and teaching staff use?One. B. Three. C. Four. D. Ten.,计算题 2+1=3,8,三、原题重现,All festival events are free but, due to limited seating at our event locations, you well need a ticket to enter. The free tickets can only be applied for here at our website. This year we are also organizing
10、 free buses to the most popular events.What is true about tickets to the festival?They can only be applied for online.They can be purchased at the event location.,是非题，三误一正，语言简化或用近义词、反义词,9,干扰项的特点与概况：（事实细节题的考点）,1. 是原文信息，但故意增加或减少细节。2. 将一些看起来似一样的概念进行偷换，实际上改变了概念的修饰语、适用范围、所指对象等具体内涵。3. 干扰项的内容常涉及原文中提及的一些内容或
11、现象，但选项的意思可能与原文恰恰相反或与文中事实不符。4. 明显不是文章的信息，与文中事实不符。5. 是原文信息，但不是题干要求的内容。,扩大（缩小）范围,偷换概念,信息不符,无中生有,文不对题,10,四、原题重现如何排除错误项,Theres also a concern that computer-written articles are not actually journalism at all, because what a human news team produces is actually quite complex. A well-written news story put
12、s information in context, offers a voice to each side of an argument and brings the public new knowledge.15. In Paragraph 4, which of the following is mentioned as a characteristic of a well-written news article?The information presented is up-to-date.Different views on the topic are presented.,偷换概念
13、up-to-date v.s. new,干扰项：扩/缩范围、偷换概念、信息不符、无中生有、文不对题,11,四、原题重现如何排除错误项,Glaeser argues that cities are very productive because “the absence of space between people” reduces the cost of transporting goods, people, and ideas. While the flow of goods has always been important to cities, what is most importa
14、nt today is the flow of idea. Successful cities enable people to learn from each other easily, and attract and reward smart people with higher wages. 6. Which of the following would Edward Glaeser agree with?Cities provide more economic opportunities.City people get along better with each other.,干扰项
15、：扩/缩范围、偷换概念、信息不符、无中生有、文不对题,12,无中生有,四、原题重现如何排除错误项,Sun Yao: Despite its benefits, Im worried about whether the new system would work. Going to different classrooms would take up a big part of our break time and we would have less time to relax after class. Also, not all schools could offer so many div
16、ersified classes.（山东检测卷）32. According to Sun Yao, which of the following sentences is TRUE?The new system will work if great measures are taken.All the schools cant afford so many diversified classes.,信息不符,干扰项：扩/缩范围、偷换概念、信息不符、无中生有、文不对题,13,RunKeeperPlatform: ios, Androidprice: free, pro version $10Vo
17、ted best running app on L, a US-based Weblog on software, RunKeeper lets you track your running activities on a map. 25. To run with RunKeeper, you _need to share your personal informationmust have a phone with iOS platformcan get it without paying,缩小范围,无中生有,四、原题重现如何排除错误项,干扰项：扩/缩范围、偷换概念、信息不符、无中生有、文不
18、对题,14,干扰项的特点与概况：（事实细节题的考点）,扩大（缩小）范围偷换概念信息不符文不对题无中生有,15,16,Now please discuss the following questions in Test 14 with your partners in 5 minutes, later some of you will be invited to explain them with the skills you learned in this class.Passage A 21, 23Passage B 26, 27Passage D 33, 34,干扰项的特点：扩大（缩小）范
19、围偷换概念信息不符文不对题无中生有,Practice makes perfect,Practice makes perfect,17,Please finish passage A in Test 15 in 6 minutesPassage CDDB,18,It made the boy sad to see the old man come in each day with his boat empty and he always went down to help him carry in the fishing lines or take down the old, patched s
20、ail “You bought me a beer,” the old man said（15年广一模）39. Which of the following did the boy NOT do for the old man?Buy him a beerRepair the sailDrag up the boatTake in the fishing equipment,三正一误，偷换概念Patched: repaired,19,practice,Growing up as a boy, Fitzgerald went to movies a lot. He made his attemp
21、ts, but most of these efforts ended in disappointment because he thought about the change from script to screen too much. His plot was too detailed and complicated; his tone was too serious or his dialogue too sentimental. （15年肇庆统测题）37. Fitzgeralds screenwriting was_.disappointing in endingcomplex i
22、n plot,偷换概念,practice,20,Judy Foreman spotted the same phrase on a warehouse wall far away from home. When it stayed on her mind for days, she gave up and drove all the way back to copy it down. “I thought it was beautiful,” she said, explaining why shed taken to writing it at the bottom of all her l
23、etters, “like a message from above.” Her husband, Frank, liked the phrase so much that he put it up on the classroom wall for his students, one of whom was the daughter of Alice Johnson, a local news reporter. Alice put it in the newspaper, admitting that though she liked it, she didnt know where it
24、 came from or what it really meant. （14年高考）32. Judy Foreman copied down the phrase because she .A. thought it was beautifully writtenB. wanted to know what it really meantC. decided to write it on a warehouse wallD. wanted her husband to put it up in the classroom,偷换概念,无中生有,practice,偷换概念，文不对题,21,Ple
25、ase finish passage A in Test 15 in 6 minutesPassage CDDB,22,summary,细节题类型：wh-细节题，计算题，是非题，其他题干扰项的特点：扩大（缩小）范围偷换概念信息不符文不对题无中生有,23,Thank you for your listening!,24,Kincaid looked at his watch: eight-seventeen. The truck started on the second try, and he backed out, shifted gears, and moved slowly down t
26、he alley under hazy sun. Through the streets of Bellingham he went, heading south on Washington 11, running along the coast of Puget Sound for a few miles, then following the highway as it swung east a little before meeting U.S Route 20In later afternoon he turned north at Spokane, picking up U.S Ro
27、ute 2, which would take him halfway across the northern United States to Duluth, Minnesota.31. WhichrouteistherightonetakenbyKincaid?A.BellinghamWashington11PugetSoundU.SRoute20U.SRoute2DuluthB.U.S.Route2BellinghamWashington11PugetSoundU.SRoute20DuluthC.U.S.Route2U.SRoute20DuluthBellinghamWashington
28、11D.BellinghamWashington11U.S.Route2U.SRoute20Duluth,三、原题重现,排序题,25,三、原题重现,If there are two of you, you go into different corners, standing diagonally (对角线地) across from each other to create distance. When a third person enters, you will unconsciously form a triangle. And when there is a fourth perso
29、n it becomes a square, with someone in every corner. A fifth person is probably going to have to stand in the middle.52Which of the following describes how people usually stand when there are at least two people in an elevator?,图表题,26,summary,细节题类型,wh-细节题计算题排序题图表题是非题其他题,是非题,27,四、原题重现如何排除错误项,“A big d
30、og would also be helpful for breaking up fights and look for lost property, like gym shoes or dolls,” Dyble said at the conference. The idea was greeted by the Dog Defense League but less so by bigger teaching unions.（15年江门一模）38. What Dyble said at the conference_gained some support from the members
31、frightened everyone at the conferenceinterested everyone at the conference,扩大原文范围,干扰项：扩/缩范围、偷换概念、信息不符、无中生有、文不对题,28,正确的选项往往是命题人员把阅读材料的内容或信息用不同的语言形式再现出来。一般而言，答案项的设置有以下几种方法：(1) 选用原文中的词句;(2) 使用原文词句的同义词或相似结构;(3) 使用原文词句的反义词或相反结构;(4) 答案项是对生词、长句或难旬的解释;(5) 答案项是对原文词句或段落的归纳、推理或演绎;(6) 使用原文的上下义结构，如用科学涵盖计算机、航天、发明、电子等概念。,29,
