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1、American Revolutionary War,The development of British colonies in North America,Residents composition Host: Indian European immigrants - mostly British Cobra VerdeThe formation of the American nation Common language and culture, Unified market The development of North American capitalistBritish colo
2、nial rule in North America Raw materials and commodity markets Rebellious mood,Introduction,The Revolutionary warThe BackgroundThe CausesThe ProcessThe Significance,The revolutionary war1775-1783,Also known as the American Revolution Between the British and the North American coloniesThe war of libe
3、ration and bourgeois revolution,The Background,The Seven Years War(1756-1763)The development of economy in North America colonies The enhancement of American national consciousness,The Causes,The development of economy in North America colonies British colonial domination hindered the development of
4、 American capitalism,The Stamp Act & The Quartering Act,1763 1764 1765 1767 1770 1773 1774,Steps to Revolution,British Actions,The Proclamation of 1763,The Sugar Act,Townshend Acts,Boston Massacre,Tea Act,Intolerable Acts,Each step moved us closer to war,Colonial Responses,Colonists were angry,Smugg
5、ling,The Stamp Act Congress & Sons of Liberty,More boycotts & Daughters of Liberty,Committee of Correspondence,Boston Tea Party,Continental Congress,WAR,The Process,The Blasting Fuse,Boston Tea Party , December 16, 1773Sam Adams led a group of Patriots disguised as Indians on a raid of British ships
6、 docked in Bostons harbor. They dumped the cargos of tea overboard.,In 1774, Britain issued 5 intolerable laws1772-1774, established communication committee to carry out anti-British struggleThe First Continental Congress,The First Continental Congress,Declaration of RightsPeace petition,Beginning,S
7、hot of Lexington ,1775.4.18The Americans were told, “Do not fire unless fired uponbut if they mean to have a war, let it begin here!”,Forming of army,In mid-1775In Philadelphia:The Second Continental CongressPatriot representatives of the 13 colonies of America Appointed George Washington as command
8、er in chief of the Continental ArmyJefferson, Franklin was appointed to draft the Declaration of Independence,Forming of state,May 1776, the third Continental CongressJuly 4, 1776 , The Declaration of IndependenceAnnouncing the birth of the United State,The Declaration of Independence,Drafted by Ben
9、 Franklin, John Adams and Thomas JeffersonSigned on July 4, 1776,Weholdthesetruthstobeself-evidentthatallmenarecreatedequal,that theyareendowedbytheirCreatorwithcertain unalienableRights,thatamongtheseareLife, LibertyandthepursuitofHappiness.我们认为下述真理是不言而喻的：造物者创造了平等的个人，并赋予他们若干不可剥夺的权利，其中包括生存权、自由权和追求幸福
10、的权利。,Turning Point -Saratogas great victory,October 17,1777Lieutenant General John Burgoyne was forced to surrender with his entire armyFrance and the United States signed a military alliance treaty in February 1778. France officially recognized the United states. France, Spain, Holland participated
11、 in the war.,Final Victory -Yorktown campaign,October 19 ,1781The British General Cornwallis together with his solders surrended to George WashingtonNovember 30, 1782 a preliminary armistice treaty in Paris,Treaty of Paris,DraftedNovember 30, 1782SignedSeptember 3, 1783Main Contents：Britain acknowle
12、dged the United States to be free, sovereign, and independent statesEstablishing the boundaries of the United States,The promulgation of the Constitution and the establishment of the federal government,In 1787, the United States issued the ConstitutionWashington was elected to first PresidentThe est
13、ablishment of the federal government of the United States,The reason for victory,The justice of warThe active participation of the massesThe wise command of WashingtonThe Continental armys courageous fightingInternational support from France, Holland and other countries,The Significance,Ended coloni
14、al domination of the UK, and achieved national independenceEstablished the bourgeois political systemLaid the foundation for the rapid development of American capitalismHad a positive impact on the French Revolution and the Latin Americas independence movement,Did not solve the land problemDid not s
15、olve the problem of slaveryMakes the economic development of north and south towards the two different ways that ultimately led to the outbreak of the American Civil War .,Casualties and losses,United States:,6,824 killed in battle25,00070,000 dead from all causesOverall casualties up to 50,000Franc
16、e: 10,000 battle deaths (75% at sea) Spain: 5,000 killedNetherlands: 500 killed,Great Britain:,4,000 army troops killed in battle 27,000 army troops died of disease 1,243 navy killed in battle, 42,000 deserted, 18,500 died from disease At least 51,000 dead from all causesGermans: 1,800 killed in battle 4,888 deserted 7,774 dead from all causes,Thank You!,
