《英语的五种基本句型讲解ppt课件.ppt》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《英语的五种基本句型讲解ppt课件.ppt（20页珍藏版）》请在三一办公上搜索。
1、英语五种基本句型及巩固练习,A.主语 + 系动词 + 表语 （SVC）,B.主语 + 不及物动词(vi.) （SV）,C.主语 + 谓语动词(vt.) + 宾语 （SVO）,D.主语 + 谓语动词 + 宾语 + 宾语 （SVOO）,E.主语 + 谓语动词 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语 （SVOC）,英语的五种基本句型,及物动词; 它们不可以单独用，后面必须跟宾语。 False: They always want after lunch. Right: They always want a cup of tea after lunch. False: He is sending now. Right
2、: He is sending a letter now.,不及物动词；它们可以单独用，如果后面想接宾语， 动词后面必须加上介词。 Right: He is looking around. False: He is looking me. Right: He is looking at me. Right: He is listening carefully. False: He is listening the teacher carefully. Right: He is listening to the teacher carefully.,动词分类： 实义动词：及物动词 不及物动词 系
3、动词：Be,感官动词 助动词：do does did have has 情态动词: can may must need,A.主语 + 系动词 + 表语 （SVC）英文中的系动词主要是指Be动词的各种变化形式，也包括那些有时起系动词作用的实义动词。这类动词常见的有：,Be动词,常见的有,appear（相似、显得） come, fall, get, grow 变得 turn , become 变成 hold, keep, 保持 remain（仍然是）, stand, stay（保持） seem看起来 smell 闻起来 , sound 听起来, taste 尝起来 feel摸起来, look看上去
4、等。,起系动词作用的实义动词,We are students.,He is a doctor.,He is out of work.,The garden smells pleasant.,Silk feels soft and smooth.,This machine is in good condition,For example:,他是一个医生。我们是学生。机器运转得很好。他失业了丝绸摸起来又软又滑。花园里香气袭人。,B.主语 + 动词 （SV）本结构是由主语加不及物的谓语动词构成, 常用来表示主语的动作。如：The sun rises. Tom has already left. 主语
5、可有修饰语-定语，谓语可有修饰语-状语。,如: 1. The red sun rises in the east.2. So they had to travel by air or boat.3.We got up early so as to catch the first bus.4. She sat there alone, reading a novel.5. He came back when we were eating.6.Weak buildings will fall down in an earthquake, but strong ones may stay up.,1
6、她昨天回家很晚。2会议将持续两个小时。 3在过去的十年里，我的家乡已经发生了巨大变化。 Great changes have taken place in my home town in the past ten years.4每天八时开始上课。,She went home very late yesterday evening.,The meeting will last (for) two hours.,Classes begin at eight every day.,C.主语 + 动词 + 宾语 （SVO）这一句型中的谓语动词是及物动词，那么它必须带有自己的宾语,否则会视为句子不完整。
7、Tom has a brother. 汤姆有一个弟弟。They wanted to have a rest. 他们想歇息一会儿。He successfully carried out his plan . 他成功地实行了他的计划。,1昨晚我写了一封信。 2今天下午我想同你谈谈。 3这本书他读过多次了。 He has read this book many times4那位先生能流利地说三种语言。5我收到了笔友从澳大利亚寄来的信。 6我们大家都相信Jack 是一个诚实男孩。,I wrote a letter last night.,I want to talk with you this aft
8、ernoon.,That gentleman can speak threelanguages fluently.,I received a letter from my penfriend in Australia.,All of us believe that Jack is an honest boy.,D.主语 + 动词 + 宾语 + 宾语 （SVOO）此句型中的谓语动词后接两个宾语：前一个宾语称为“间接宾语”，多由代词或名词充当；后一个宾语称为“直接宾语”，往往由名词充当。如： He brings me cookies every day.但若要先说出直接宾语（事物），后说间接宾语（
9、人），则要借助于介词to或for。如： He brings cookies to me every day. She made a beautiful dress for me.用to侧重指动作的方向，表示朝着，向着，对着某人。用for 侧重指动作的受益者，表示为了某人，替某人。,1Johnson 先生去年教我们德语。 2奶奶昨晚给我们讲了一个有趣的故事。 3他把车票给列车员看。 4我替你叫辆出租汽车好吗？5新式机器将会为你节省许多劳动。,Mr. Johnson taught us German last year.,Grandma told me an interesting story l
10、ast night.,He showed the ticket to the conductor.,Shall I call you a taxi?,The new machine will save you a lot of labors.,E.主语 + 动词 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语 （SVOC）此句型概括了这样一种情况：有些及物动词的后面有时常带复合宾语结构（即：宾语 + 宾语补足语）。在这一结构中，宾语补足语是对宾语“做什么”、“怎么样”等方面进行补充说明，从意义和结构上来说是必不可少。在这一结构中，宾语和谓语动词当然是“动宾关系”，而宾语和它的补足语在逻辑上却是“主谓关系”。宾语补足
11、语可由名词、形容词、动词不定式、分词或介词短语担当。,例如：We elected him our monitor . 我们选他当班长。The news made me happy . 那消息使我很高兴。We know him to be an expert . 我们知道他是专家。He heard somebody opening the door . 他听见有人在开门。I found myself in dark . 我发现自己还蒙在鼓里,代词,巩固练习：1我们叫她Alice. 2我们大家都认为他是诚实的。 3他们把小偷释放了。 4我要你把真相告诉我。 5 .卫兵命令我们立即离开。 每天早晨我
12、们都听到他大声朗读英语。 7我们不会让她在晚上外出的。,We call her Alice.,All of us considered him honest.,They have set the thief free.,I want you to tell me the truth.,The guards ordered us to leave at once.,Every morning we hear him read English aloud.,We wont let her go out at night.,英语基本句型6 There be 句型 说明： 此句型是由“there+be
13、+主语+状语”构成，用以表达存在关系可以称“有”。 它其实是倒装的一种情况，主语位于谓语动词 be 之后，there 仅为引导词，并无实际语意。 此句型有时不用be动词，而用 live, stand, come, go, lie, remain, exist, arrive等。如： There stands a hill in the middle of the park. Once upon a time there lived an old king in the town.,Be 与其后的主语在人称和数量上一致，有时态和情 态变化。如： 现在有 there is/are 过去有 ther
14、e was/were 将来有 there will be；there is /are going to be. 现在已经有 there has/have been 可能有 there might be. 肯定有 there must be /there must have been. 过去曾经有 there used to be 似乎有 there seems/seem/seemed to be 碰巧有 there happen/happens/happened to be ,1这个村子过去只有一口井。 2客人当中有两名美国人和两名法国人。 3天气预报说下午有大风。 4灯亮着，办公室里肯定有人
15、。 5战前这儿一直有家电影院的. 6恰好那时房里没人。 7从前，在海边的一个村子里住着一位老渔夫。 8公共汽车来了。9就只剩下二十八美元了。 10铃响了。,There was only a well in the village.,Among the guests there were two Americans and two Frenchmen.,The weatherman says therell be a strong wind in the afternoon.,The light is on. There must be someone in the office.,There
16、used to be a cinema here before the war.,There happened to be nobody in the room.,Once, there lived an old fisherman in a village by the sea.,There comes the bus.,There remained only twenty eight dollars.,There goes the bell.,基本句型练习,三 指出下面句子分别属于哪个句型。 I will spend this summer holiday in the countrysi
17、de. In the modern city, there are some problems, such as air pollution, crowd and noise. In the countryside I can enjoy a comfortable and quiet life. There, the air is fresh and the water is clean. I can hear birds singing in the green trees. I can also go boating, fishing, and swimming in the lake. She teaches us English this term. So I want to go to the countryside for a change. 1. ( S + V ) _2. ( S + V +O ) _3. ( S + V + C ) _4. ( S + V + IO + DO ) _7_5. ( S + V + O + C ) _6. There be 句型 _,6,1，3，8,4,5,2,
