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1、宾 语 从 句 The Object Clause,什么是主语？,句子说明的人或事物。主语一般位于_ 。1. Lucy likes her new bike. 2.We work hard.3.To learn a foreign language is not easy.4.Playing football after school is great fun.,句首,什么是谓语？,说明主语做什么或怎么样。通常由 _ 充当. 常分为实义动词,连系动词,情态动词和助动词.1. We love China.2. She seems tired. 3. He can speak English 4.
2、 We have finished reading this book.,动词,谓语,（V.）,实义动词: 及物 v. 不及物 v.连系动词情态动词助动词,什么是宾语？,动作行为的对象，说明主语做什么。一般放在_或_后面.1.We study English. 2.Our teacher said that he would go there.3.He is looking at the dog.,及物动词,介词,I know him . 2. I know who he is .,主语,谓语,宾语,（简单句）,主语,谓语,宾 语 从 句,引导词,从句主语,从句谓语,主 句,（复合句）,宾 语
3、 从 句 The Object Clause,宾语从句的概念：宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语。,句子结构：主句 + 引导词 + 宾语从句,引导词,陈述句(主+v/主+adj.):,特殊疑问句:,一般疑问句:,先_后_,(that),特殊疑问词如what/ where/ when/ who/how much/ how many.,if/whether,主,谓,语序,时态,宾语从句三要素,主句为现在时，从句的时态根据_而定。 主句为过去时，从句的时态用_时态。,实际情况,相应的过去,一、从属连词（引导词） 1. that： 当宾语从句是陈述句时（包括肯定句和否定句），连词由that引导，因为tha
4、t不作任何成分，无任何具体意思，因此常省略。,I think (that) its very funny. She hopes (that) they will have a good time.,形容词宾语从句： 结构：be + 形容词 +（that）从句sorry, sure, afraid, glad, happy, certain,Im afraid (that) I cant help you . Were glad (that) you can join us .,2. if / whether 当宾语从句是一般疑问句时，由连词whether或if引导（口语中常用if），因为if/
5、whether翻译成：“是否”，具有一定的意义，所以不能省略。,I wonder if you can go with me. I didnt know whether I could go home.,if 与 whether 的区别,1. I dont know _ he will come or not.2. I dont care of _ he is handsome.3. He wondered _ to stay here the next week.4. _ he will come is not decided.,whether,whether,whether,Whether
6、,有or not，只用whether,前有介词，只用whether,后接to do 不定式，只用whether,做主语，只用whether,Exercise,_ hell come isnt important. A. Why B. If C. Whether D. WhatWould you like to know _ they will do it or not. A. if B. that C. whether D. why I dont know _ he still lives here. A. where B. what C. when D. whether,二、特殊疑问词 当宾
7、语从句是特殊疑问句时，由连接代词（what, who, whom, which, whose）或连接副词（when, where, how, why）引导，所以不可以省略,Henry knows what he should do. I dont remember when we arrived . I asked him where I could take the bus. Please tell me who (whom) we have to see .,带how的词组也都可以引导宾语从句,Could you tell us how often you go abroad for a
8、holiday ?,Could you tell us how long the meeting will last ?,Please tell us how many students there are in your school ?,Can you tell us how old his brother is ?,Could you tell us how much the coat is ?,Exercise,Can you tell me _ you were born, Betty? A. who B. what C. when D. thatHe asked me _ told
9、 me the accident. A. whom B. which C. who D. whose,宾语从句的引导词,Exercise,I think _ you will like him. A. that B. if C. why D. howI didnt know _ he will come or not. A. that B. whether C. weather D. howThe weather forecast doesnt say _. A. if it rains tomorrow B. if does it rain tomorrow C. if it will ra
10、in tomorrow D. if will it rain tomorrow,引导词,陈述句(主+v/主+adj.):,特殊疑问句:,一般疑问句:,_前_后,(that),特殊疑问词如what/ where/ when/ who/how much/ how many.,if/whether,主,谓,语序,时态,宾语从句三要素,宾语从句用陈述语序,三、语序宾语从句的语序用陈述语序：连接词 +主语 + 谓语 + 其他成分,1. When will he go to the library? His brother asks when he will go to the library .His
11、brother asks when will he go to the library .,2. What does he want to buy ? I dont know what he wants to buy . I dont know what does he want to buy .,3. Who are we going to meet ? Can you tell me who we are going to meet ? Can you tell me who are we going to meet ?,Did the students have a picnic las
12、t Sunday ? Do you know ?,Do you know if/whether the students had a picnic last Sunday ?,Exercise,引导词,陈述句(主+v/主+adj.):,特殊疑问句:,一般疑问句:,先_后_,(that),特殊疑问词如what/ where/ when/ who/how much/ how many.,if/whether,主,谓,语序,时态,宾语从句三要素,主句为现在时，从句的时态根据_而定。主句为过去时，从句的时态用_时态。,实际情况,相应的过去,陈述语序,三、时态1. 主句:现在的时态 （包括 一般现在时,
13、现在进行时，现在完成时） 从句:时态可根据实际情况而定（包括 一般现在时,一般过去时,一般将来时, 现在完成时等）,I know he lives here . I know he lived here ten years ago . I have heard that he will come tomorrow.,2. 主句: 过去的时态（包括一般过去时，过去进行时） 从句: 相对应的过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时， 过去完成时）,I knew who lived here. I saw she was talking with her mother. He aske
14、d whether his father would come back tomorrow. He said that he had seen it .,3.客观真理，定义，公理，定理时 从句: 一般现在时,The teacher said that the sun travels around the earth .,Exercise,She told me the sun _ in the east. A. rise B. rose C. rises D. had risenThe doctor asked me how long _ . A. was I ill B. have I be
15、en ill C. I have been ill D. I had been illPleasetellme_lastyear.A.wheredoesyoursisterworkB.wheredidyoursisterworkC.whereyoursisterworksD.whereyoursisterworked,1. Could you tell me if they _ (work) in the factory so far .2. Did your parents tell you that the sun _ (rise) in east ?3. - What _ he _ (s
16、ay) just now ? I _ (not can hear) him . - He _ (say) that he _ (plant) trees with his parents yesterday .4. Can you tell me when _ (leave) tomorrow?,have worked,rises,did,say,couldnt hear,said,planted,to leave,5. Did he say that their parents _ (come) here tomorrow .6. He told me two weeks _(be) enough.7. The teacher told us that the sun _(be) bigger than the moon .8. I think I _ (tell) you what _ (do) next . Dont just stay here!,to do,will tell / have told,is,was,would come,THE END,
