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1、Welcome to our class!,The film “Hero” is one of the films that I like best.,a director,A director is a person,who directs films.,an actor,an actress,An actor or an actress is a person,who plays a role in the film.,scene,Scene is the place,where the story is happening.,Watch Phone is a kind of mobile
2、 phone which looks like a watch.,Mobile phones which can be used for surfing on the Internet are very popular.,These are Mobile phones which can be used to listen to music.,英语高考专题复习,Adverbial Clauses,莆田锦江中学,高三英语总复习 郑美娟,Attributive Clause定语从句中常见的考点,Introduction,Two types of relative clauseRestrictive
3、 clause（限制性定语从句）e.g. This is the village where my father worked three years ago.Non-restrictive clause（非限制性定语从句）e.g. Football, which is a very interesting game, is played all over the world.,Restrictive & Non-restrictive,Difference in meanings.e.g. She has a son, who is a teacher. She has a son who
4、is a teacher.,(She has only one son and he is a teacher.),(She may have more than one son and one of them is a teacher.),限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句：,My sister, who is twenty, works in a bank.,The man who came here yesterday has come again.,限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语， 如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。这种从句和主句关系十分密切， 写时不用逗号分开。,非
5、限制性定语从句和主句关系不很密切，只是对先行词作些附加说明， 如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚。这种从句， 写时往往逗号分开。,Relative Pronouns,Relative Pronouns,General Introduction,Preposition + Relative Pronoun,The Occasions for the Omission,定语从句,限制性定语从句,非限制性定语从 句,关系代词,关系副词 when where why,先行词指人 who whom that whose,先行词指物 which that whose,Questions: 1. What are
6、 the relative pronouns and relative adverbs? 2. What do they refer to and what are their functions?,thing subject/ object,thing subject/ object,person,person subject/ object,person object,person,thing,attribute,place adverbial,time adverbial,reason adverbial,the handsomethe smilingthe strong the cle
7、verthe naughty,boy,The boy is Tom.,The boy who is handsome is Tom.,The boy who is smiling is Tom.,The boy who is strong is Tom,The boy who is clever is Tom,The boy who is naughty is Tom.,Game:Describe the pictures, using the Attributive Clause.,A computer is a machine _.,The boy_ is my teachers son.
8、,.My PicturesDSC00065.bmp,Yao Ming is a basketball player _.,A hospital,This is the house _.,September 11, 2001 is the day _.,2008 is the year_.,Point out the mistakes in the following sentences and tell the reasons:,all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much，etc.,2) all, every, no,
9、 some, any, little, much, only, last, etc.,Please just tell me anything which you know about the author of the book.,Ive read all the books which are not mine.,(3) 序数词/最高级+ 先行词 + that,This is the first book which he has read.,that,that,that,+ that,+ 先行词 + that,(4) the only, the very, the same, the l
10、ast + 先行词 + that,This is the very book which belongs to him.,（5）人/物 + that,Suddenly the house fell , and hurt a woman and her dog which were just passing by .,that,that,(6) 特殊疑问句的主语是 who , which 开头时，后面的从 句用关系代词 that 。,Who is the man who is standing by the door?Which of these buses is the one which g
11、oes between thetwo cities?,that,Fill in the blanks, using proper relatives, and add prepositions if necessary.I enjoy sports _ people compete for prizes.The speed _ light travels is said to be the maximum in the universe.3. Football , _ is a very interesting game, is played all over the world .4. He
12、 was late this morning, _ made his teacher angry.5. He seemed to be a foreigner, _ in fact he was .,in which,at which,which,which,which,关系代词that和which在很多情况下可以互换，但下列情况只用that。,All _ can be done has been done.Do you have anything _ you dont understand ?There is little _ can be believed about it .The bo
13、ok doesnt say much _ amuses children.,that,that,that,that,先行词是all ,everything,nothing,anything,something,much,little,none等不定代词，引导定语从句用that 。,Hamburg is the most beautiful city _Ive ever seen.This is the best TV _ is made in China.The first museum _ he visited in China was the History Museum.,that,th
14、at,that,先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时，引导定语从句用that 。,Ive read all the books _ you lent me.No sample _ we nave received is satisfactory.Please send us any information _ you have about the subject.He is the only person _ was present at the time.,that,that,that,that,先行词被any,some,no,much,few,little,every,all,very,on
15、ly,last修饰时，引导定语从句用that 。,The famous writer and his works _ the radio broadcast have aroused great interest among the students.A victim is a person,animal or thing _ suffers pain,death,harm,etc.,that,that,先行词中既有人又有事物时，引导定语从句用that .,Who _ you have ever seen can do it better ?Who _ you are talking to i
16、s the young fellow ?,that,that,Who做先行词时，引导定语从句用that 。,Well done !,（1）在定语从句中作介词的宾语，并置于介词之后 。,（2）在先行词是物的非限制性定语从句中。,（3）在非限制性定语从句中 作主语 ，或代表前面 整个句子，或前面主句中的表语部分 。,在下列情况下用which, 不用that。,不用that，而用which，who，whom的情况,He made the same mistakes again ,_ made his parents very angry.Yesterday I bought a dictionary
17、,_ cost me more than 100 yuan .Mr Smith,_ gave a talk several months ago,will come again.My uncle has come back from abroad,_ I havent met for along time.,which,which,who,whom,在非限制性定语从句中，指事物用which，指人用who或whom。,?,?,Her bag ,in _ she put all her money,has been stolen.This is the ring on _ she spent 10
18、00 dollars.Xiao Wang ,with _ I went to the concert, enjoy it very much.,which,which,which,在介词后面，指事物用which，指人用whom。,Exercises: Prep + Relative Pronoun,Filling the blanks.This is the house _ _ I was born.Is that the girl _ _ you lent your bicycle?This is the pen _ _ I wrote the letter.,in which,to who
19、m,with which,注意：如何判断介词,The girl _ which he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him.He is the man _ whom I think you can depend .,1、看定语从句中动词与介词的搭配,for,on,2、看定语从句中形容词与介词的搭配,He referred me to some reference books _ which I am not very familiar.Dolphins might be trained to cooperate wi
20、th fishermen and help them by finding or even catching fish, _ all of which activities dolphins are expert.,with,in,3、根据先行次判断，所用的介词与先行词 搭配,The rate _ which wild animals are being destroyed has increased.This is our classroom ,_ which there is a teachers desk.,at,in the front of,whose 在定语从句中作定语，表示引导词
21、与 whose 后的名词为所属关系。 whose多指人，也可指物，指物时可与 the +n.+of which互换使用。,This is the book whose cover is blue.This is the book of which the cover is blue.,Do you know the girl whose hair is very short in our class?,He is the student whose pencil I broke yesterday.,This teacher, with whose son I work, is liked b
22、y all the students.,The chair whose legs are broken isbeing repaired now.,The chair, the legs of which are broken, is being repaired now.,whose 引导的定语从句。,表示所属关系。,The river _ banks are covered with trees flows into the sea.,whose,2. There are in this class 20 students, _ are different. A.whose backgro
23、unds B.the backgrounds of whom C.of whom the backgrounds D.the backgrounds of whose,1. This is the girl _ has been highly praised. A. of whom the painting B. the painting of whose C. who painting D. whose painting,2. The day will surely come _ all the people in the world enjoy freedom and live in ha
24、ppiness. A. when B. how C. then D. why,3. She bought a knife from the shop _she could peel an apple. A. which B. with that C. with which D. by which,AD,A,C,4. The reason _ he rejected our plan is that he had no faith in us. A. which B. why C. because D when,5. Do you know the singer and dancer who _
25、 standing at the gate of the theatre ? A.are B. is C.will D. would,6. Lets think of a situation _ this idiom can be properly used. A. which B. where C. that D. whose,B,B,B,Come on ！,注意 1,若定语从句缺主语或谓语，用which或that引导定语从句。,The library _ students often study was on fire last night.The library, _ was built
26、 in the 1930s,needs repairing.The library _ you visited yesterday was built in 1990.,Wherein which,which,Whichthat,注意 2,区分where引导的定语从句和状语从句,Where前面有被修饰的地点名词时，是定语从句，否则是状语从句。,When you read books ,you had better make a mark at the spot where you have any questions.When you read books , you had better m
27、ake a mark where you have any questions.,注意3：,区分when引导的定语从句和状语从句,Ill never forget the day _ we first met in the park.Ill never forget the day _ I spent with you.Ill never forget the day _ was spent with you.,when,whichthat,whichthat,why引导的定语从句。,先行词是表示原因的名词，用引导定语从句。从句作状语。,This is the reason why ( = f
28、or which ) I didnt come here.,The reason _ she gave was not true.,whichthat,复习定语从句中的关系副词：,when, where, why,Ill never forget the day when I joined the league.,on which,This is the house where I lived two years ago.,in which,Do you know the reason why she was late.,It rained heavily, for which he was
29、late for the class.,* As 和which 引导非限制性定语从句的区别：,Which引导的从句与主句关系较密切，常放在主句之后；而as引导从句，可放在句首、句中或句尾。Which既可代指先行词，又可代指整个主句的内容。相当于“and this” or “ and that”. 译为“这一点”。而as 则只能代指整个主句的内容。译为“正如.那样”，且已形成固定结构。如：as is known, as is said, as is reported, as is often the case, as is expected. Etc. eg. Einstein, as is k
30、nown, is a famous scientist. As is reported, China has become an important country in the world. He didnt come to attend the meeting, as is expected. Bamboo is hollow, which makes it very light. My son now goes to the school, which I used go to when I was a child.,Before he was a teacher, Bob who to
31、ld me 1._ that he would like to be as good a doctor 2._like his father. But something unhappy 3._happened to his family,that made it necessary for him to work 4._for a living. He had worked in farms and in shops 5._in that he spent his spare time studied by himself 6._and final became a college teac
32、her. “Young people”7._he often said, “who has not stepped into the society 8._are full of wishes and hopes.”,as,which,on,which,finally,have,Exercise,1. The radio set _ has gone wrong. A. I bought it last week B. which I bought it last week I bought last week D. what I bought last week 2. Can you len
33、d me the novel _ the other day? A. that you talked B. you talked about it C. which you talked with you talked about 3. The matter _ you were arguing about last night has been settled. that B. what C. why D. for which 4. They talked for about an hour of the things and persons _ they remembered in the
34、 school. A. which that C. who D. whom5. Who _ has common sense will do such a thing. A. which B. who C. whom that,C.,C.,D.,D.,A.,A.,B.,B.,D.,D.,Exercise,6. All the apples _ fell down were eaten by the pig. that B. those C. which D. what7. They asked him to tell them everything _ he saw at the front.
35、 A. what that C. which D. where8. Ill tell you _ he told me last week. A. all which B. all what C. that all all9. Is oxygen the only gas _ helps fire burn? that B. / C. which D. it10. A child _ parents are dead is called an orphan. A. who B. whos whose D. which11. Is this the museum _ you visited th
36、e other day? that B. where C. in which D. the one12. Is this museum _ some German friends visited last Wednesday? A. that B. where C. in which the one,A.,A.,B.,B.,D.,D.,A.,A.,C.,C.,A.,A.,D.,D.,Exercise,13. - How do you like the book? - Its quite different from _ I read last month. A. that B. which t
37、he one D. the one what14. He is a man of great experience, _ much can be learnt. A. who B. that C. from which from whom15. The train _ she was traveling was late. A. which B. where on which D. in that16. He has lost the key to the drawer _ the papers are kept. where B. on which C. under which D. whi
38、ch17. Antarctica _ we know very little is covered with thick ice all the year round. A. which B. where C. that about which18. Its the third time _ late this month. A. that he arrived B. when he arrived that youve arrived D. when youve arrived,C.,C.,D.,D.,C.,C.,A.,A.,D.,D.,C.,C.,Exercise,19. October
39、1, 1949 is the day _ the Peoples Republic of China was founded. A. which when C. that D. on that20. A steel plant is a place _ steel is made. A. which B. that C. whose where21. This is just the place _ Im longing to visit these years. which B. where C. in which D. to where22. We are going to spend t
40、he Spring Festival in Guangzhou, _ live my grandparents and some relatives. A. which B. that C. who where23. The hotel _ during our holidays stands by the seaside. we stayed at B. where we stayed at C. we stayed D. in that we stayed24. Please put the letter _ he can easily find it. A. in which where
41、 C. wherever D. which25. I have bought the same dress _ she is wearing. as B. that C. which D. than,B.,B.,D.,D.,A.,A.,D.,D.,B.,B.,A.,A.,A.,A.,Exercise,26. He is not _ a fool _ . A. such; as he is looked such; as he looks C. as; as he is looked D. so; as he looks27. Is that the reason _ you are in fa
42、vor of the proposal. A. which B. what why D. for that28. Some of the roads were flooded, _ made our journey more difficult. which B. it C. what D. that29. He has two sons, _ work as chemists. A. two of whom both of whom C. most of which D. that most30. The buses, _ were already full, were surrounded
43、 by an angry crowd. A. most of that B. which most most of which D. that most,B.,B.,B.,C.,C.,A.,A.,B.,B.,C.,C.,Exercise,31. My glasses, _ I was like a blind man, fell to the ground and broke. A. which B. with which without which D. that32. Mr. Wu, _ everybody likes, is going to give us a talk on chem
44、istry. whom B. that C. which D. /33. This is Mr. Smith, _ I think, has something to tell us. who B. whom C. that D./34. _ , the compass was first made in China. A. It is known to all B. It is known that C. We all know As is known to all35. I, _ your good friend, will try my best to help you out. A. who is who am C. that is D. what is,C.,C.,A.,A.,A.,A.,D.,D.,B.,B.,Homework:Revise the Non-Restrictive Attributive Clause.,Thank you for attending!,Goodbye,Good-bye,
