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1、状语从句 Adverbial Clause,现在,过去,什么是状语？,He speaks English very well.,You are very beautiful.,（动词）,（形容词）,（程度副词）,主语,谓语,宾语,状语,主语,谓语,表语,状语,用来修饰动词，形容词，副词以及全句的句子成分，叫做状语。adverbial modifier (adv.)用作状语的通常是副词，介词短语，不定式和从句等。,状语从句？,在复合句中表示的状语可以用来修饰谓语（包括非谓语动词）、定语、状语或整个句子。,什么是从句？,必须符合“从句的三个必须”必须是句子；必须有连接词；必须是陈述句,什么是状语从
2、句？,用一个句子充当状语成分，那个句子就是状语从句。,I get up,at six,when it is dark.,I get up,at school,where I study.,状语从句 分类,1时间状语从句,9结果状语从句,6让步状语从句,8方式状语从句,7比较状语从句,2地点状语从句,3原因状语从句,4条件状语从句,5目的状语从句,表示时间,一、时间状语从句When, as ,while, before, after, till, Until, as soon as, The moment, the minute, the first time. （名词性短语）,When “当的
3、时候” 既可指时间段，也可指时间点 从句中既可用延续性动词，又可用非 延续性动词（终止性动词） 动作既可和主句的动作同时发生，又可在主句的动作之前或之后发生,When while as,当他回到家的时候，我正在做饭,When he came home, I was cooking dinner.,I will call you when I get there.,我到了那边就给你打电话。,一般情况下，从句的谓语动词用“一般现在时”表示“一般将来时”，用“现在完成时”表示“将来完成时”,温馨提示,While “当的时候”只能表示一段时间引导的从句只能是延续性动词只能与主句中的谓语动词同时发生或存
4、在。,注意：主句的动作发生在从句动作的进行过程中，主句的谓语动词通常是非延续性动词。,I met her while I was at school.,时间状语从句说明动作或状态发生、存在的时间。,时间状语从句可以由以下连词或词组引导,翻一翻,当Tom 正在看电视的时候，他妻子正在做饭。,While Tom was watching TV, his wife was cooking.,As “当时候”“随着” 既可指一个具体的时间点，又可指一段时间 主从句两个动作同时发生，或同时持续。（点点重合，线线重合） 可用一个进行时，一个一般时或都一般时。 一个动作发生在另一个动作的持续过程中，即“点线
5、重合”，但不能表示两个动作一前一后发生。,1 He was writing as I was reading. 2 As I got on the bus, he got off. 3 The students were talking as the teacher came in.,地点状语从句地点状语从句表示地点、 方位， 这类从句通常由where, wherever引导。,指具体地点时，从句可用于主句之前或之后； The house stood where the two roads meet.表示抽象条件的含义时，必须放在主句之前。 Where there is a will, the
6、re is a way.,【注意】 “哪里哪里就”；主句在从句后面时，there可用可不用；如果主句在从句的前面时，一般都不用there。,You should have put the book where you found it. 你本来应该把书放回原来的地方。,句型1：Where地点从句，（there）主句。,【注意】anywhere副词，但可引导从句，相当于连词，意思相似于wherever, anywhere引导的从句,可在主句之前或之后。 而wherever本身就是个连词，表示“在何处，无论何处”。,句型2：Anywhere/ wherever地点从句，主句。,Wherever t
7、he sea is , you will find seamen.有海就有海员。,地点状语从句 vs. 定语从句,where引导定语从句时，从句前应有一个表示地点的名词作先行词；状语从句前则无需先行词。,Go back where you came from.(地点状语从句）你从何处来到何处去。,Go back to the village where you came from.(定语从句，修饰village) 回到你来的那个村子里去。,练一练,1 We were swimming in the lake _ suddenly the storm started. A. when B. wh
8、ile C. until D. before,“当我们正在湖里游泳的时候突然暴风雨开始了”， 表示主句的动作处于从句的动作突然发生时应采用when(while不适合用于这样的语境)， when表示“当的时候”受限制条件最少。,Your Topic Goes Here,Your subtopic goes here,2 After living in Paris for fifty years, he returned to the small town _ he grew up as a child. A. where B. whenC. In which D. that,where引导定语从
9、句，表示地点。,Strike while the iron is hot.,A friend is never known till a man has need.,趁热打铁,All things are difficult before they are ready.,万事开头难,需要之时方知友,我猜，我猜猜猜,As every thread of gold is valuable, so every moment of time.,一寸光阴一寸金,无烟不起火/ 无风不起浪,Where there is smoke, there is fire.,As a man sows, so he s
10、hall reap.,种瓜得瓜，种豆得豆,表示原因,三、原因状语从句最常用的连词是:because， since， as， now （that）等,because, as, since, for,语气 位置意义 because 最强前或后 “原因”；表客观因果关系；回答“” as较强 前 “由于”；把众人所知的事实当作理由 since 较弱 前 “既然”；就对方陈述的事实作为理由 for 最弱 后 “理由”；对某一事实进行推断的理由 注：上面所说的“前”，指从句在主句之前；“后”，指从句在主句之后。,EG: He is absent today because he was ill. As i
11、t is snowing，we shall not go out. You couldnt see him, for he wasnt there.（不句首）4. Since you are ill, I will go alone.,表示结果,四、结果状语从句可以由 so that， so.that， such.that,so that, sothat, suchthat,so that“以便”、“结果”表目的和结果。 注意：在从句中有情态动词表目的。无情态动词表结果。 sothat “如此的以致于”表结果。该结构常见于： 1.so+形副that2.so+形a(an)单数名词that3.so
12、many/much复数名词（不可数名词）+that suchthat“如此的以致于”表结果。该结构常见于： 1.sucha(an)形名词that2.such形复数名词不可数名词that,E.G. He was so angry that he left the room without a word. 他很生气,一句话不说就离开了房间。 It is such a heavy box that nobody can move it.The box is so heavy that nobody can move it.The box is so heavy as nobody can move
13、.I didnt go early, so that I didnt get a seat.,表示目的,四、目的状语从句主要的引导词有:so that， in order that， 目的状语从句常常含有情态动词。,E.G. They are hurrying so that / in order that they may not miss the train. 他们为了赶上火车而匆匆忙忙。He works hard in order that / so that he can serve his country well.,表示条件,五、条件状语从句最常用的引导词有: if， if onl
14、y（if 的强调式）,unless (= if not)， as long as， so long as,E.G.As long as I live, I shall work hard.You cant learn it well unless you work hard.If you want to know ,I can tell you.,表示让步,六、让步状语从句主要的引导词有:though， although，as even if， even thoughhowever, Whatever , whenever等,though, although, as,though, altho
15、ugh在句首表“尽管”两者都可以用。但句后不能再用but。 下列情况只能用though： as though (=as if); even if (=even though) 在句末表示“然而” as表示“尽管”，从句的表语、状语等成分要倒装。,whatever, however, wherever, whenever,它们是what, how, where, when的强势语气。分别等于： no matter what, no matter how no matter where, no matter when,E.G.I wont mind even if (though) he does
16、nt come.Though it was cold, she went out without an overcoat.Young as/though he is, he knows a lot.Whether it shines or rains, I will go.No matter who / whoever comes here, I will not let him in.you can take whatever you like.,表示比较,八、比较状语从句主要由than， as.as,the morethe more这类从句常常有一些成分没有表示出来:,E.G.The mo
17、re you eat, the fatter you are.John is less clever than Tom.He is not so/as clever as his brother.,前引：根据主从句的三种时间关系，分为主从句同时发生、主从句都没有发生、主从句一前一后发生三类句型，每种句型分别对应独特的句式,三类时间,1、主从句同时发生,2、主从句都没有发生,3、主从句一前一后发生,What were you doing when the UFO arrived?,What are you doing when the UFO arrives?,I would leave if
18、he came.,I will leave if he comes.,The train had been away when I arrived.,过去配过去,过去配过去,现在配现在,现在配现在,前引：根据主从句的三种时间关系，分为主从句同时发生、主从句都没有发生、主从句一前一后发生三类句型，每种句型分别对应独特的句式,三类时间,1、主从句同时发生,2、主从句都没有发生,3、主从句一前一后发生,过去类：.过去进行 when 一般过去,现在类：现在进行 when 一般现在,过去类：过去将来 when 一般过去,现在类：一般将来when 一般现在,过去完成 when 一般过去,第四部分：典型题目
19、与历年真题,1 _ they had worked for along time, everyone looked tired. A While B After C Unless D For 2 He has been a teacher _ he came to the country. A since B until C as D when 3 He has had to cook by himself _ his mother went on business to Beijing. A during B sinceC after Dwhen,4 It is ten years _ I
20、saw you last time. A since B when C that D if 5 He always thinks Im wrong, _ I may say. A no matter whatever B whatever C what D That6 You should run the machine _ the workers has shown you. A as B and C but Dso,7 _ , Mother will wait for him to have dinner together.A However late is he B However he
21、 is late C However is he late D However late he is 8 You shall have the book _ I have read it. A so that B though C as soon asD since,9 The man put on a overcoat _ keep himself warm. A that B so that to C in order that Din order to 10 He has changed so much _ I can hardly recognize him. A as B so th
22、at C that Dbut,11 Wounded _ he was, he refused to come back from the front. A as B though C although Dboth A and B 12 Well both wait here _ you get back. A so that B that C until Dfor 13 Some people want to go hunting, _ others want to go finishing. Aor B.because C.while D.since,14 Bad habits, _ for
23、med, are difficult to get rid of. A and B once C or D but 15 You must get up early in the morning, _ well have to start out without you. A and B or C but D so that 16 Would you please wait _ I come back. A if B when C because Dtill,17 He couldnt come _ he wanted to. A as B because C although Dfor 18
24、 _ you gave a party and no one come, what would you do? A Although B If C Unless DWhen,19 You may borrow the book _ you keep it clean. A as long as B when C after D unless 20. John plays football _ , if not better than, David. A as well B as well as C so well D so well as,(三)状语从句中考真题,1. its difficul
25、t to make her dream come true, she never gives up. A. Though B. Unless C. Because D. If2. Its quite common in Britain to say “Thank you” to the drivers people get off the bus. A. After B. since C. until D. when3. Your dream wont come true you know what your dream is. A. After B. unless C. while D. s
26、ince,A,D,B,4. -How was your climbing on Mount Tai? -I didnt believe I could do it I got to the top. A. until B. unless C. after D. when5. I arrived at the airport the plane had taken off. A. after B. while C. when D. before6. the water was cold, Wei Qinggang jumped into it to save others. A. Althoug
27、h B. When C. If D. Because,A,A,A,7. We wont start the meeting our teacher arrives. A. though B. until C. while D. or8. We will have no water to drink we dont protect the earth.A. until B. before C. though D. if9. Jane, please turn off the lights you leave the classroom. A. after B. before C. until D
28、. but,B,D,B,10. We have to get up at 7:15 tomorrow morning, _we will be late for the 7:40 train. A. before B. or C. if D. so11. My grandfather is very old, he never stops learning. A. than B. though C. but D. unless12. -Where was your brother at this time last night? -He was writing an e-mail I was
29、watching TV at home. A.As soon as B.After C. until D. while13. Ill park the car at Pacific Place, the car park there is full.A. unless B. if C. when D.After,D,C,D,A,14. they arrived early at the airport, they nearly missed their fight. A .If B. Because C.As soon as D.Although15. We have been good friends we joined the same ping-pong team.A.After B. before C. since D. until16. Bill, you have finished your homework, lets go to fly kites now. A. though B.After C. before D. since,D,C,D,
