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1、MySQL Monitoring,一、如何有效监控?监控的目的 二、基本监控解决方案(基础数据收集) 三、高级解决方案(数据库健康状态，优化) 四、MySQL性能相关交互式监控工具 五、相关资源参考,MySQL Monitoring,一、如何有效监控?监控的目的? 1 、服务健康监测（存活，故障告警.） 2 、监控系统采集数据，依据数据进行调优,一 、如何有效监控?,二、基本监控解决方案(收集系统信息) top 、vmstat 、iostat 、mpstat 、mytop 、dstata 、free 、/proc/. 、mstat 、mtop .命令行工具分析系统资源使用状况.,二、 基本监控
2、解决方案,三、高级监控解决方案 1、Nagios相关:(收集数据库信息及健康状态，对数据库调整优化) check_mysql 推荐 nagios-mysql-plugins-0.3 适当选择 check_mysql_health 重点介绍推荐 由于时间关系本PPT只重点介绍一下Nagios相关的插件脚本. 重点介绍一下check_mysql_health监控数据库调优。 2、MySQL Activity Report 基于rrdtool *http:/gert.sos.be/en/projects/mysqlar/ *http:/gert.sos.be/demo/mysqlar/ 演示网站,三
3、、高级监控解决方案,三、高级监控解决方案 3、CACTI * MySQL模板:http:/ 4、RRD 参考资料: * http:/vvv.k6p.de/rrd/ * http:/oss.oetiker.ch/rrdtool/rrdworld/ * http:/www.fi.muni.cz/kas/mrtg-rrd/ * http:/www.tnpi.biz/internet/manage/rrdutil/faq/mysql.shtml 5、Munin * http:/munin.projects.linpro.no/ .,三、高级监控解决方案,#cd /usr/local/nagios/li
4、bexec/ # ./check_mysql help /查看使用说明.Usage: check_mysql -d database -H host -P port -s socket -u user -p password -SOptions: -h, -help Print detailed help screen -V, -version Print version information -H, -hostname=ADDRESS Host name, IP Address, or unix socket (must be an absolute path) -P, -port=INT
5、EGER Port number (default: 3306) -s, -socket=STRING Use the specified socket (has no effect if -H is used) -d, -database=STRING Check database with indicated name -u, -username=STRING Connect using the indicated username -p, -password=STRING Use the indicated password to authenticate the connection
6、= IMPORTANT: THIS FORM OF AUTHENTICATION IS NOT SECURE! = Your clear-text password could be visible as a process table entry -S, -check-slave /检测Slave状态. Check if the slave thread is running properly. -w, -warning Exit with WARNING status if slave server is more than INTEGER seconds behind master -c
7、, -critical Exit with CRITICAL status if slave server is more then INTEGER seconds behind master,Nagios check_mysql,示例：Nagios 监控服务器:192.168.169.138如要监控DB服务器192.168.169.204和Slave DB服务器192.168.169.123数据库授权：(登陆DB服务器，进行授权用户名netseek,密码linuxtone)mysql grant all privileges - on *.* - to netseek192.168.169.
8、138 identified by linuxtone;Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)mysql flush privileges;Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec),Nagios check_mysql,示例：在监控机上.#cd /usr/local/nagios/libexec/连接204查看数据库状态:#./check_mysql -H 192.168.169.204 -u netseek -p linuxtoneUptime: 2146510 Threads: 1 Questions: 61155591 S
9、low queries: 325 Opens: 1273 Flush tables: 1 Open tables: 767 Queries per second avg: 28.491连接数据库123查看./check_mysql -H 192.168.169.123 -u netseek -p linuxtone -S -w 60 -c 600Uptime: 35349 Threads: 1 Questions: 4022 Slow queries: 0 Opens: 38 Flush tables: 1 Open tables: 32 Queries per second avg: 0.1
10、14 Slave IO: Yes Slave SQL: Yes Seconds Behind Master: 0OK,在命令行下都能正常连接数据库:,Nagios check_mysql,# vi commands.cfg 添加如下：#check_mysqldefine command command_name check_mysql command_line $USER1$/check_mysql -H $ARG1$ -P $ARG2$ -u $ARG3$ -p $ARG4$ /仔细看参数传递与上面的命令行对应. #check_slavedefine command command_name
11、 check_slave command_line $USER1$/check_mysql -H $ARG1$ -P $ARG2$ -u $ARG3$ -p $ARG4$ -S -w $ARG5$ -c $ARG6$ ,Check_mysql Nagios配置,#vi sh-wt-www-db.cfg 给上海网通两台DB服务器配置上mysql数据库检测:. 在自己定的的配置文件里，添加如下服务段.#check_mysqldefine service host_name dbss-master service_description check_mysql check_command check
12、_mysql!192.168.169.122!3306!netseek!linuxtone . #check slavedefine service host_name dbss-slave service_description check_slave check_command check_slave!192.168.169.123!3306!netseek!linuxtone!60!600 . ,Check_mysql Nagios配置,check_mysql监控演示效果Check_mysql S 模块可以很好的检测mysql replication slave的健康状态.mysqlsh
13、ow slave stautsG*是否工作 Slave_IO_running: YES Slave_SQL_running: YES*延迟情况 Sencodes_behind_master,Nagios check_mysql,选择性的使用此插件来配合监控工作# wget http:/www.shinguz.ch/MySQL/nagios-mysql-plugins-0.3.tar.gz# tar zxvf nagios-mysql-plugins-0.3.tar.gz# cd nagios-mysql-plugins-0.3# chmod a+x *# mv * /usr/local/nag
14、ios/libexec插件解释:check_db_mysql.pl 检测mysql是否运行.check_errorlog_mysql.pl 检测数据库下的错误日志perf_mysql.pl 收集性能数据,类似后面要讲的check_mysql_healthreplication相关.check_repl_mysql_cnt_slave_hosts.pl /检测复制相关。check_repl_mysql_hearbeat.plcheck_repl_mysql_io_thread.plcheck_repl_mysql_read_exec_pos.plcheck_repl_mysql_readonly
15、.plcheck_repl_mysql_seconds_behind_master.plcheck_repl_mysql_sql_thread.pl-,nagios-mysql-plugins,./check_db_mysql.pl -h 192.168.169.204 -u netseek -p linuxtone -port 3306编写command define command command_name check_db_mysql command_line $USER1$/check_db_mysql.pl -h $ARG1$ -u $ARG2$ -p $ARG3$ -port $A
16、RG4$ . 服务端配置: . check_command check_db_mysql!192.168.169.204!netseek!linuxtone!3306 .,nagios-mysql-plugins,一、安装check_mysql_health 官方网站:http:/www.consol.de/opensource/nagios/check-mysql-health/ # wget http:/www.consol.de/fileadmin/opensource/Nagios/check_mysql_health-2.0.3.tar.gz # tar zxvf check_mys
17、ql_health-2.0.3.tar.gz # cd check_mysql_health-2.0.3 # ./configure -prefix=/usr/local/nagios -with-nagios-user=nagios - with-nagios-group=nagios -with-perl -with-statefiles-dir=/tmp # make & make install 注:check_mysql_health (check_mysql_perf的替代方案，官方不再支持 check_mysql_perf) 详细参见:http:/,check_mysql_hea
18、lth,二、check_mysql_health 插件使用说明 # cd /usr/local/nagios/libexec/ # ./check_mysql_health -help Check various parameters of MySQL databases Usage: check_mysql_health -v -t -hostname -port | -socket -username -password -mode -method mysql check_mysql_health -h | -help check_mysql_health -V | -version ,c
19、heck_mysql_health,. Options: -hostname the database servers hostname -port the databases port. (default: 3306) -socket the databases unix socket. -username the mysql db user -password the mysql db users password -database the databases name. (default: information_schema) -warning the warning range -
20、critical the critical range,check_mysql_health,.-mode the mode of the plugin. select one of the following keywords: connection-time (Time to connect to the server) 连接到服务器的时间. uptime (Time the server is running) MySQL服务器运行的时间 threads-connected (Number of currently open connections) 数据库服器当前打开的连接 threa
21、dcache-hitrate (Hit rate of the thread-cache) 线程缓存命中率 -mysql replication 相关段- slave-lag (Seconds behind master) 判断slave落后于master多少秒 slave-io-running (Slave io running: Yes) 表明Slave复制正常运行 slave-sql-running (Slave sql running: Yes) 表明Slave复制正常运行 用check_mysql 模块来替代这些功能更,check_mysql是用C写的执行速度更快. -check-s
22、lave ./check_mysql -H 192.168.169.123 -u netseek -p linuxtone -S 来解决,check_mysql_health,. -查询缓存相关- qcache-hitrate (Query cache hitrate) 查询命中率,这个比率越高则表明服务器的SELECT 查询性能就越好 qcache-lowmem-prunes (Query cache entries pruned because of low memory) 由于内存较小从缓存删除的查询数量 增大query_cache_size的值，以减小lowmem,增加缓存命中率 ke
23、ycache-hitrate (MyISAM key cache hitrate)n key缓存命中率 如果命中率低，则调大key_buffer_size -InnoDB Cache命中率- bufferpool-hitrate (InnoDB buffer pool hitrate) Innodb 缓冲池命中率 bufferpool-wait-free (InnoDB buffer pool waits for clean page available) Innodb的缓行冲池等待清理页. log-waits (InnoDB log waits because of a too small
24、log buffer) 因为太小log缓冲区导致inndob log等待. -,check_mysql_health,- tablecache-hitrate (Table cache hitrate) 表缓存命中率 table-lock-contention(Table lock contention) 连接锁表率 table_locks_waited/table_locaks_immediate table_locak_waited：不能立即获得的表的锁表次数 table_locak_immediate: 立即获得的表的锁表次数. 小于1%较优，如果1%需要引起注意，3% 性能问题. in
25、dex-usage (Usage of indices) 索引使用情况. tmp-disk-tables (Percent of temp tables created on disk) 临时表创建. slow-queries (Slow queries) 慢查询 long-running-procs (long running processes) 长期运行的进程. cluster-ndbd-running (ndnd nodes are up and running) ndbd 集群节点运行状况 sql (any sql command returning a single number)
26、 执行返回一个数字的任何SQL 。 告警值规则: 10 means Alert, if 10 and 90: means Alert, if 90“,check_mysql_health,三、示例：Nagios 监控服务器:192.168.169.138如要监控DB服务器192.168.169.204和Slave DB服务器192.168.169.123数据库授权：(登陆DB服务器，进行授权用户名netseek,密码linuxtone)mysql grant all privileges - on *.* - to netseek192.168.169.138 identified by li
27、nuxtone;Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)mysql flush privileges;Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)OK - 2 client connection threads | threads_connected=2;10;20,check_mysql_health,三、示例：在监控机上.#cd /usr/local/nagios/libexec/连接123查看数据库查询线程缓存命中率状态:# ./check_mysql_health -hostname 192.168.169.123 -port
28、 3306 -username netseek -password linuxtone -mode threadcache-hitrateOK - thread cache hitrate 91.30% | thread_cache_hitrate=91.30%;90:;80: thread_cache_hitrate_now=91.30% connections_per_sec=0.0090: 表示小于90 warning, 80 表示小于80 则critical查询命中率# ./check_mysql_health -hostname 192.168.169.122 -port 3306
29、-username netseek -password linuxtone -mode qcache-hitrateWARNING - query cache hitrate 88.19% | qcache_hitrate=88.19%;90:;80: qcache_hitrate_now=78.57% selects_per_sec=0.75,check_mysql_health,三、示例：在监控机上.调整告警阀值:# ./check_mysql_health -hostname 192.168.169.122 -port 3306 -username netseek -password l
30、inuxtone -w 80: -c 70: -mode qcache-hitrateOK - query cache hitrate 88.19% | qcache_hitrate=88.19%;80:;70: qcache_hitrate_now=85.63% selects_per_sec=0.52连接123数据库查看锁表率.# ./check_mysql_health -hostname 192.168.169.123 -port 3306 -username netseek -password linuxtone -mode table-lock-contentionOK - tab
31、le lock contention 0.00% | tablelock_contention=0.00%;1;2 tablelock_contention_now=0.00%连接123数据库查看数据库服务器当前连接数量:# ./check_mysql_health -hostname 192.168.169.123 -port 3306 -username netseek -password linuxtone -mode threads-connectedOK - 2 client connection threads | threads_connected=2;10;20,check_m
32、ysql_health,Nagios相关配置# vi commands.cfg 添加如下：#check_health_mysqldefine command command_name check_mysql_health command_line $USER1$/check_mysql_health -hostname $ARG1$ -port $ARG2$ -username $ARG3$ -password $ARG4$ -mode $ARG5$ #vi sh-wt-www-db.cfg 给上海网通两台DB服务器配置上mysql数据库检测:. 在自己定的的配置文件里，添加如下服务段.def
33、ine service host_name dbss-slave service_description threads-connected check_command check_mysql_health!192.168.169.123!3306!netseek!linuxtone!threads-connected,check_mysql_health,.define service host_name dbss-slave service_description qcache-hitrate check_command check_mysql_health!192.168.169.123!3306!netseek!linuxtone!qcache-hitrate . define service host_name dbss-slave service_description keycache-hitrate check_command check_mysql_health!192.168.169.123!3306!netseek!linuxtone!keycache-hitrate . ,check_mysql_health,演示效果,check_mysql_health,
