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1、词性及句子成分(上),Grammar focus,主语 谓语 宾语 表语,词性及句子成分(上)Grammar focus主语 谓语 宾,一、词性(parts of speech),1 名词 noun n.hand noon age 2 代词 pronoun pron.they them their3 形容词 adjective adj.above hard sad 4 副词 adverb adv.above hard sadly5 动词 verb v.speak stay hand6 数词 numeral num.one first ninth7 冠词 article art.a an the
2、 8 介词 preposition prep.above from for9 连词 conjunction conj.and so when10 感叹词 interjection int.oh ah wow,实词,虚词,词性 英文缩写 例子,hand,hand,above,above,above,hard,hard,一、词性(parts of speech)1 名词 nou,句子是由词按照一定的语法结构组成的，组成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。,二、句子成分（members of the sentence）,一,二,三,常见的句子成分包括主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、补语、状语、同位语。,主语,
3、英语句子的主体成分为主语和谓语，其他为次要成分。,主语,谓语,宾语,表语,定语,补语,状语,同位语,谓语,句子是由词按照一定的语法结构组成的，二、句子成分（memb,主语的定义,动作的发出者，执行动作的主体。,主语一般位于_。,句首,主语的定义动作的发出者，执行动作的主体。主语,主语,名词,代词,动名词,不定式,数词,从句,It 形式主语,充当主语的成分,主语名词代词动名词不定式数词从句It 形式主语充当主语的成分,充当主语的成分,I have a dream.我有一个梦想。,Walls have ears.隔墙有耳。,Seven is my lucky number.七是我的幸运数字。,名词
4、,代词,数词,充当主语的成分I have a dream.Walls h,充当主语的成分,Swimming can make you healthy.游泳有益于健康。,动名词,Talking is easier than doing.说起来容易做起来难。,充当主语的成分Swimming can make you h,充当主语的成分,不定式,To clean the window is your duty.擦窗户是你的任务。To stay up too late is bad for you.熬夜对你身体不好。,It is your duty to clean the window.,It is
5、 bad for you to stay up too late.,it 形式主语,充当主语的成分 不定式To clean the,1.The sun rises in the east.（）2.He likes dancing.（）3.Two will be enough.()4.Seeing is believing.（）5.To see is to believe.（）6.It is important to learn a foreign language.（）,名词,代词,数词,动名词,不定式,It作形式主语，to do 不定式是真正的主语,用“=”划出以下句子的主语，分析什么做了主
6、语并写在括号内。,1.The sun rises in the east.（）2.He likes dancing.（）3.Two will be enough.()4.Seeing is believing.（）5.To see is to believe.（）6.It is important to learn a foreign language.（）,练习,1分钟,1.The sun rises in the east.,谓语的定义,谓语一般位于主语_。,之后,表达主语的动作、状态。,I have a best friend.Her name is Jenny.We always lo
7、ok after each other.But she doesnt like talking too much.She can keep quiet for a whole day.,谓语有人称和数的变化，也可以表达时态和语态。,常见情态动词：can,could,may,might,shall,should,will,would，must,单个实义动词,系动词,动词短语,助动词+动词原型,情态动词+动词原型,常见助动词：be，have/has，do/does，did，will,谓语的定义 谓语 predicate谓语一,例句,Action speaks louder than words.(
8、第三人称单数)百说不如一干。She went shopping yesterday afternoon.（过去式）她昨天下午去购物了。Rice is grown in south China.（被动语态）华南种植水稻。,谓语,例句 Action speaks louder th,用“_”划出以下句子的谓语动词，分析什么做了谓语并写在括号内。,She loves English.()He can speak Chinese.()c.They are tired.()d.He looks happy.()e.We didnt finish homework yesterday.(),She lov
9、es English.()He can speak Chinese.()c.They are tired.()d.He looks happy.()e.We didnt finish homework yesterday.(),实义动词,情态动词+动词原型,系动词,系动词,助动词+动词原型,练习,1分钟,用“_”划出以下句子的谓语动词，分析什么做了谓语并写,你能找出错误的谓语并且改正吗？,He go to school by bike every day.()I am listen to music now.()c.They take classes online yesterday.()d.
10、The cake taste good.()e.She will comes back soon.()f.We should to help each other.(),goes,listening,took,tastes,come,火眼金睛,should help,He go to school by bike every day.()I am listen to music now.()c.They take classes online yesterday.()d.The cake taste good.()e.She will comes back soon.()f.We should
11、 to help each other.(),We should help each other.,We should help each other.,主,谓,？,each other,1分钟,你能找出错误的谓语并且改正吗？He go to school,宾语的定义,宾语是动作的承受者。,一般位于谓语动词（尤指及物动词）_。,之后,类型,直接宾语：被动作直接作用，He gave me a hug.间接宾语：被动词间接影响，He gave me a hug.介词宾语：被介词引导的宾语，I am waiting for you.,宾语的定义宾语是动作的承受者。宾语,宾语,名词,代词,动名词,不定
12、式,疑问词+不定式,从句,名词性短语,充当宾语的成分,宾语名词代词动名词不定式疑问词+不定式从句名词性短语充当宾语,充当宾语的成分,I like Beijing roast duck.我喜欢北京烤鸭。,Love me,love my dog.爱屋及乌。,例句,I want to leave.我想离开。,I dont know what to do next.我不知道接下来做什么。,1,2,3,4,.,.,.,.,代词/名词,名词性短语,不定式,疑问词+不定式,充当宾语的成分I like Beijing roast du,充当宾语的成分,We believe that success comes
13、 from hard work.我们相信成功来自勤奋。,I like teaching English.我喜欢教英语。,例句,I find it difficult to get along with her.我发现她这个人不好相处。,5,6,7,.,.,.,动名词,从句,it 作形式宾语,充当宾语的成分We believe that success,1.She wrote five letters.()2.We often help him.()3.We enjoy listening to the music.()4.He began to learn English a year ago
14、.()5.Did you write down what she said?()6.The new teacher makes it possible to learn English easily for students.(),1.She wrote five letters.()2.We often help him.()3.We enjoy listening to the music.()4.He began to learn English a year ago.()5.Did you write down what she said?()6.The new teacher mak
15、es it possible to learn English easily for students.(),名词性短语,代词,动名词,不定式,从句,it作形式宾语，不定式是真正的宾语,用划出句子的宾语，分析什么做了宾语并写在括号内。,练习,I want to make it possible for you to learn English easily.,Because I am an English teacher,too!,主,系,an English teacher,？,表,1分钟,1.She wrote five letters.(,表语的定义,表述主语的情况。,表语一般位于系动词
16、_。,之后,表语的定义表述主语的情况。表语 pred,系动词有哪些呢？,1）be动词：_2）感官类:_3）变化类:_4）延续类:_,系动词有哪些呢？1）be动词：_,系动词的分类,I am a teacher.He is a student.We are excited.,am is are,系动词的分类I am a teacher.b,系动词的分类,The wool feels soft.这种羊毛摸上去很柔软。“Stink Tofu”smells awful,but tastes good.臭豆腐闻上去臭，但是吃起来香。,feel smell taste,sound look,系动词的分类T
17、he wool feels soft.,系动词的分类,If it turns cold,cover the pot plants.如果天气变凉，就把盆栽盖起来。,Food goes bad quickly when it is hot.天气一热，食物就很快变质。,get grow become,turn go,系动词的分类If it turns cold,cover,系动词的分类,keep/stay healthy保持健康remain silent保持沉默,keep stay remain,系动词的分类keep/stay healthy,表语,形容词,副词,名词,不定式,介词短语,代词,从句,
18、充当表语的成分,表语形容词副词名词介词短语代词从句充当表语的成分,充当表语的成分,The creaking of the door sounds loud at night.晚上，门的嘎吱声听起来很响。,He became a doctor after he left high school.高中毕业他当上了医生。,例句,The rubber tires are over there.橡胶轮胎在那边。,.,名词,形容词,.,.,副词,充当表语的成分The creaking of the doo,充当表语的成分,例句,All I could do is to wait.我们能做的只有等待。,.,
19、代词,不定式,.,Openthedoor.Its me.开门，是我。,充当表语的成分 例句All I could d,My father is a professor.（）Whos that?Its me.（）Everything here is wonderful.()The story of my life may be of help to others.()His plan is to seek work in the city.()My first idea was that you should hide your feelings.(),My father is a profes
20、sor.Whos that?Its me.Everything here is wonderful.The story of my life may be of help to others.His plan is to seek work in the city.My first idea was that you should hide your feelings.,名词,代词,形容词,不定式,从句,用“”划出句子的表语，分析什么做了表语并写在括号内。,练习,介词短语,1分钟,My father is a professor.（,一句话小结,主谓宾表,主语：一句话的中心，整句话都在谈论它的
21、情况。谓语：对主语的情况加以说明，可表示动作或者状态。宾语：动作的接受者，或动作的结果。表语：说明主语是什么人或物，或说明主语的状态。,一句话小结 主谓宾表主语：一句话的中心，整句话都在谈论它,当堂检测,写出划线部分的句子成分。,Oversleeping will never make your dreams come true.The plane will take off soon.Action speaks louder than words.Difficult times show us who our true friends are.The way to be happy is to make others happy.,主语,谓语,宾语,表语,谓语,1分钟,当堂检测写出划线部分的句子成分。Oversleeping w,作 业,1.Review2.Finish homework paper.,作 业1.Review,Thanks for your attention!,Thanks for,
