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1、,Unit 2 GrammarVerb-ing Form as Subject and Object动词-ing形式作主语和宾语,1.什么是主语(subject)?什么是宾语(object)?2.什么词可作主语?什么词可作宾语?,Revision,He likes his dog.His dog likes him.,主语,宾语,代词,名词,主语,宾语,名词,代词,结论:主语和宾语一般为名词或者代词。,Which are correct?我喜欢阅读。I like read.I like reading.阅读是我的兴趣。Read is my interest.Reading is my inte
2、rest.,3.动词能否做主语?动词能否做宾语?,动词不能做主语或宾语。V-ing形式能做主语或者宾语。,总结,1.v-ing作主语 2.v-ing 作宾语,I.V-ing form as subject动词的ing形式作主语,1.is their hobby.(跳舞),Dancing,2.is the best way to lose weight.(做运动),Doing exercise,3.is his dream.(像鸟一样飞),Flying like a bird,4.is a waste of time.(玩电脑游戏),Playing computer games,Whats in
3、 common?,Dancing is their hobby.Doing exercise is a good way to lose weight.Flying like a bird is his dream.Playing computer games is a waste of time.,1.作主语。2.谓语动词用。,动词-ing,单数,1.V-ing做主语直接位于句首,Learning new words is very important.学习新单词非常重要。,动名词做主语往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作,在口语中也可以表示具体的动作。如：Seeing is believing.H
4、elping her is my duty.Working with you is a pleasure.和你一起工作是一种乐趣。,动名词做主语和不定式做主语一样，也可以用it作形式主语。如：To learn English well isnt very easy.,Helping her is my duty.Working with you is a pleasure.,It is my duty helping her.,It is a pleasure working with you.,It isnt very easy to learn English well.,2.用形式主语i
5、t，把真正的主语ing形式移置句尾。动名词做主语和不定式做主语一样，也可以用it作形式主语，用形容词或名词作表语。即常用it be+adj/n.+doing sth常用于下列句型中：,It is no use(求救),asking for help,It is no use/good doing sth 做是没有用处/好处的,It is/was worthwhile doing 做是值得的,It is worthwhile.(这部是电影值得看的),seeing the movie,It+is/was+a waste of time doing 做是浪费时间的,It is a waste of
6、time.(玩电脑游戏),playing computer games,It is no use asking for help.It is worthwhile seeing the movie.It is a waste of time playing computer games.,There is no doing.无法;在这一结构中作主语。,what will happen between them.(无法知道),There is no knowing,There is no knowing what will happen between them.There is no joki
7、ng about such matters.,不定式做主语往往表示具体的特别是将来的动作。如：Its no use crying over spilt milk.覆水难收。He realized that to go on like this was wrong.,（指泛指/抽象动作）,（指具体动作）,补充,根据汉语提示,完成句子。1.(像这样谈话没有用。)is no use _.is no use.,talking like this,Exercises,2._(大声朗读)in the library is a bad habit.,Reading aloud,It,Talking like
8、 this,-What do you think made Mary so upset?-_ her new bicycle.A.As she lost B.Lost C.Losing D.Because of losing 完整答句：Losing her new bicycle made Mary very upset.,李阳疯狂句子,_（上学）is boring._（上班）is even more boring._（有钱）and _（不做事）is my dream.,Going to school,Going to work,Having money,doing nothing,Write
9、 the sentences.,练一练,阅读是一门艺术。爬山真是有趣。游泳是我最喜欢的运动。早起是一个好的习惯。,Reading is an art.,Climbing mountains is really fun.,Swimming is my favorite sport.,Getting up early is a good habit.,1.直接位于句首做主语。,2.使用形式主语it，而将动名词句尾。Its no use doing Its no good doing Its a waste of time doing,和她争吵是没有用的。吸烟是没有好处的，你最好放弃。在这里等着是浪
10、费时间。,Its no use arguing with her.,Its no good smoking,youd better give it up.,Its a waste of time waiting here.,II.V-ing as object,动词的ing形式作宾语,The wolf always dreams of _(捉)sheep.,dream of,catching,My sister enjoys_（站）alone on the seashore.,standing,1.作一些由“动词+介词构成的动词短语”的宾语2.作一些及物动词的宾语,1.The wolf alw
11、ays dreams of catching sheep.2.My sister enjoys standing on the seashore,1.作 动词+介词 构成的短语的宾语,后面常接动词 ing 形式作宾语的常用短语有：,be fond of spend(in)be busy(in)dream ofbe worthhave difficulty(in),(1)喜欢,(2)花(时间、金钱)做(3)忙于做(4)梦想，梦见(5)值得.(6)在有困难,2.作及物动词的宾语（1）有些动词后只能接动名词作宾语，常用的有：admit,appreciate,avoid,consider,enjoy,
12、escape,finish,forgive,mind,suggest,imagine.,Jack said that he wouldnt mind _ for us.A.to wait B.wait C.waiting D.waited,(2)有些动词或短语动词后 可接动名词又可接不定式，但意义不同。,I like to run now.（现在想跑）I like running.（一向喜欢）,补充：like,hate,love,prefer,attempt,begin,start,continue,intend等等,【考例】,Lets have a rest Not nowI dont wa
13、nt to stop _ yet（MET 1985）A.study B.to study C.for studying D.studying,It is time for practicing!,Translate the following sentences into Chinese.1.Learning English is very interesting.学习英语非常有趣。2.Smoking may cause cancer.吸烟会致癌。,Exercise 1,3.Can you imagine living alone on an island?你能想象单独生活在一个岛上么？4.I
14、 suggest bringing the meeting to an end.我建议结束会议。,5.He admitted taking the money.他承认钱是他拿的。6.It is worthwhile spending much money on education.在教育上多花钱是值得的。,Group 1,Group 2,Lets have a competion,Exercise 2,1.In some parts of London，missing a bus means _for another hour A.waiting Bto wait Cwait Dto be w
15、aiting,Group 1,2One learns a language by making mistakes and _them Acorrect Bcorrecting Ccorrect Dto correct3Mr.Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to _some schools for poor children Aset up Bsetting up Chave set up Dhaving set up,4You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting Well
16、,now I regret _that Ato do Bto be doing Cto have done Ddoing,5.Keep on _ and you will succeed.A.a try B.try C.tried D.trying,6.It took the workmen only two hours to finish _ my car.A.repairing B.repair C.to repair D.repaired,1.Though it sounds a bit too expensive,it is worth _.A.being bought B.buyin
17、g C.to buy D.buying it,Group 2,2.Have you forgotten _$1000 from me last month?Will you please remember _ it tomorrow?A.borrowing;to bring B.to borrow;bringC.borrowed;bringing D.borrowing;bringing,3.She is very busy _ her papers.She is far too busy _ callers.A.to write；to receive B.writing；to receive
18、 C.writing；receiving D.to write；for receiving,4.Once the heart stops _,death follows at once.beating B.to beat C.being beaten D.to be beating5.Jack said that he wouldnt mind _ for us.A.to wait B.wait C.waiting D.waited,6.We are now busy _ for the examination.A.to prepare B.preparing C.prepared D.bei
19、ng prepared,Homework,Review what we have learned today.,suggest 建议admit建议finish 完成enjoy喜欢 consider考虑 avoid避免 mind 介意 practice练习,be fond of 喜欢 spend(in)花(时间、金钱)做be busy(in)忙于做dream of 梦想，梦见be worth 值得.look forward to 期望、盼望have difficulty in 在有困难preventfrom 阻止做某事devoteto 献身于/致力于,Make sentences to talk
20、 about one of your classmates,using the verbs and phrases.,Exercise 3,用于布告形式的省略结构中。,No smoking(=No smoking is allowed(here).,No parking.,动名词作宾语,grammar,Write the sentences.,练一练,他不喜欢喝酒。他充分利用时间练习唱歌。我提议坐我的车去。你介意我开窗吗？,动名词作动词宾语,Keep march gifts.(保留三月礼物),Keep(on)smiling!,Dr Yuan enjoys listening to violin
21、 music.,Excuse my interrupting you.,He often practises playing piano after school.,Would you mind my opening the door?,The goal is to avoid damaging the environment.,They know they risked being punished.,We consider buying a new car.,I cant help laughing when I hear his singing.,You should give up s
22、moking.,She imagined being famous.,Have you finished reading?,How do you think of riding bicycle?,I suggest going there by bus.,一些只跟动名词作宾语的动词，即 V+-ing,懂得欣赏，克制想象喜欢实践，逃避抵抗介意打扰，讨厌原谅支持建议，推迟考虑情不自禁地错盼，完成？冒险,Understand appreciate deny imagine,Enjoy practise avoid escape resist,Mind excuse dislike pardon,Favour suggest delay consider,Cant help miss look forward to finish risk,Advocate 提倡，主张 complete完成,admit 承认，bear 忍受，etc,一些只既跟动名词作宾语，也能跟不定式作宾语的动词，即 V+-ing|+-to do,forget go on mean regretremember stop try continuebegin startlove hate,重在积累！,
