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1、济南市中考英语命题分析,济南外国语学校 苏敏新,洞悉中考命题,60%,40%,65%,课改题和非课改题,区分题目,通过率,命题原则及规律,-命题要依据教学大纲或课程标准。-试题陈述所使用的语言要简洁,连贯,尽可能使用学生容易理解的词汇。题干尽量创设新的情景,叙述文字由命题者拟定,避免重复教材中的现成实例和措辞。-选择题的命题,要注意思考性、干扰性和唯一性,选项有意义,无歧义,无重叠,无暗示。,-防止重复。重点题目不能与兄弟省市、地区或本地以往曾使用的题目重复,各区曾使用过的统考题或模拟题坚决不用。所有成题要进行改造和变形。-凡有争议的试题或答案不用。-推敲复查。由命题者和复核者反复推敲复核,防
2、止出错,确定答卷时间,核对答案。,命题原则及规律,英语学科的命题范围,人教版课本第一册(上、下)第二册(上、下)第三册(含相应的workbook)整体难度:6:3:1,年中考英语试题分析,Part A 听句子,选句子,含有各种形式的句子,比较容易听懂判断Is your school near your home?There are fifty-six students in my class.Is this letter from America or France?Its bad for you to read in the sun.Youd better go over your pape
3、r carefully.Dont play on the street.Its dangerous.,听力部分,Part B 听句子,选答语,含有一般疑问句,各种特殊疑问句以及各类情景交际用语,Whats the weather like today?A.Its cloudy.B.Im fine.C.We can read.,Shall we go fishing this Sunday?A.They are late.B.Good idea.C.We like hot dogs.,Part C 听对话及问题,选择正确答案,A、B对话六、七组,Part D 听短文及问题,选择正确答案,约300
4、字左右的文章,拼读选词,通常包含四个单音节词和一个多音节词,Can you speak _/sm/French?A.swim B.same C.save D.someMy sister went to the _/sinim/an hour ago.A.cinema B.center C.second D.science(音相近、形相似),笔试部分,选择填空,涉及的语言点,冠词(定冠词、不定冠词以及零冠词),2.代词(包括指示代词,人称代词,不定代词 neither nor/both and/either or/not only but also 等)e.g.I like _ apples _
5、 oranges.I like bananas.A.both;and B.either;or C.neither;nor D.not only;but also,3.介词(表示时间、地点)e.g.He stood _ the top of the building,looking at the blue sky.A.on B.with C.against D.to,4.名词的单复数、所有格;重要词组及词义辨析 e.g.There are sixty _ in this big hospital.A.woman doctor B.woman doctors C.women doctor D.wo
6、men doctors,5.连词(and,or,but,so,because,though等),6.数词(基数词、序数词以及特殊用法),7.形容词副词的原级、比较级以及最高级的用法,8.常用动词词义辨析;重要动词词组;系动词;情态动词及其回答;动词不定式等e.g.Parents usually _ their children to be healthy and study well.A.deserve B.hope C.expect D.decide I _ much money on CDs last year.A.paid B.spent C.took D.cost Must we fi
7、nish the composition today?No,you _.You may hand it in tomorrow.A.cant B.mustnt C.dont D.neednt The school gatekeeper asked the visitors _ the school until they are allowed to.A.dont get into B.not visit C.not to enter D.to leave for,9.反意疑问句及其回答e.g.You dont think hes a hard-working student,_?A.arent
8、 you B.is he C.does he D.do you,10.What/How引导的感叹句的用法,11.复合句(包括宾语从句和各类状语从句,定语从句不是重点)e.g.Miss Smith was wondering _.A.whose umbrella is it B.whose is the umbrella C.whose umbrella was it D.whose umbrella it was,12.八个主要时态以及主动被动语态e.g.All the magazines _ last Tuesday.A.are sold out B.was sold out C.were
9、sold out D.sold out,13.文化背景知识以及中西方文化对比;交际用语及其回答等e.g.Lets start the journey at 5:00 tomorrow morning.Sorry._.Its too early.A.No problem B.Thats all right C.I cant make it D.Never mind,完形填空,10个空。字数在150-200个单词之内。首句和尾句一般不设空。通常考查词汇运用、语法知识以及语言习惯等。,阅读理解,第一篇:故事(309字)第二篇:短信(264字)第三篇:子女与父母关系的短文(284字)第四篇:人物介绍(
10、322字)(配图),动词填空,2005年济南市中考动词填空81.speak 82.will;stay 83.have been 84.not come 85.is cooking86.is allowed 87.knows 88.took89.listen 90.not to drink,时态,一般现在时一般将来时一般过去时现在进行时现在完成时,非谓语动词,动词不定式、动名词以及分词的应用,被动语态,祈使句,改写句子,A.否定句或一般疑问句 B.对句子划线部分提问 C.改写句子句意不变,1.宾语从句 完成时 被动语态 2.可以相互 转换的句式,93.Lets go to the English
11、 corner,shall we?_ _ going to the English corner?94.Read more books,and you will get more knowledge.The _ _ you read,the _ _ you will get.95.“When do you have your art lessons?”Mum asked me.Mum asked me _ _ _ _ art lessons.96.After planting the trees you should water them often.The trees _ _ _ often
12、 after they _ _.,What,about,more books,more knowledge,when I had my,should be watered,are planted,完成句子,1.从汉语句子中判断应该使用的词组和相应的时态2.注意使用固定句型表达正确意思3.灵活使用被动语态,要求学生:,1.许多你们喜爱的明星来自台湾。Many of your favourite stars_ _ Taiwan.2.我的CD机出毛病了,你能帮我修好吗?Theres _ _ _ my CD player.Can you put it right for me?,3.与朋友和谐相处使我
13、们感到很愉快。We_ _ _ to get on well with our friends.4.在第二次世界大战期间五千多万人失去了生命。_ 50 million people _ _ _ during World War II.,5.大陆的变化非常大,林先生迫不及待地要回家乡看看。The changes of the mainland are so great that Mr Lin_ _ _ _to his hometown.6.人们期待着科学家们能早日将“神舟”六号成功地发射到太空。The scientists _ _to _ Shenzhou VI_ into space succe
14、ssfully as soon as possible.,come from,something wrong with,feel very happy(pleased),lost their lives,Over,cant wait to return,are expected,send,up,书面表达,四幅连图,乐于助人篇公德漫画篇社会焦点话题篇,细节决定成败,最有价值的知识是关于方法的知识。达尔文,听力理解题,【考点扫描】,1.能听懂基本上没有生词,贴近学生生活的语言材料;2.能听懂并正确的辨别所听到的句子;3.能听懂声音材料中涉及到的主要信息或 重要细节;4.能听懂对话或短文中谈论的要点
15、、中心 意思,并根据题目要求做出合理的判断,如:推理出对话发生的时间、地点、对话 人物关系和身份等。,【解题技巧】,1.先看题后听音 2.把握全文 3.边听边记 4.抓关键词 5.不因前误后,注意事项:1.做听力试题时,首先要看清题目要求,边听边选答案。听力结束时再图答题卡,值得注意的是共有A,B,C三个选项,不要将C涂成D。2.听力题尤其注意考察时间点,时间长度,价钱等数字方面的内容,注意听清数量的累计,在听的过程中要做适当的记录,听清整体情景意义,不要匆忙选定答案。3.听力的第四题是听短文,难度最大。注意听第一遍的时候就要试着选答案。简单记录重要信息,如:数字,日期,人物,地点等,确保第二
16、遍时完全明白选对答案。,单项选择题的命题特点,1.考查学生在特定的语言环境中运用语法的能力。2.考查同学们掌握和运用日常交际用语的能力。3.考查学生的应试能力。,具备扎实的英语基础知识。紧扣语境,抓住关键词。,小贴士,1.在教学和复习中,要让学生重点分清现在完成时、一般过去时的用法。对宾语从句、状语从句、动词不定式、比较等级以及它们的用法规则都要一一弄清楚。还要注意固定搭配、习惯用语、动词的时态和语态、动词辨析以及不同词性的词的用法。,2.要求学生解题时要注意句型结构和语序。要掌握初中阶段所出现的句型结构,注意宾语从句、感叹句的语序。3.掌握习语和日常交际用语。4.要突出语境,在语境中选语句和
17、词汇,防止汉语思维的干扰。,【考点扫描】,完形填空题,1.词汇:此类题目考查的内容是:近义词的区别,词语的固定搭配和习惯用法。近几年的中考题中完形填空题考查的词汇类别涉及到名词、代词、动词、介词、连词、形容词、副词和短语动词。2.语法:此类题目考查的是:各种语法规则在文章中的运用。其中包括名词的单复数,形容词、副词的比较等级,动词的时态和语态,介词、数词、代词和连词的用法,主谓一致,各种从句的用法等。3.结构:此类题目考查的是:文章中间句子与句子之间,段落与段落之间,上文与下文之间的逻辑关系。,阅读理解题,【考点扫描】,1.考查掌握所读材料的主旨和大意的能力。主要提问方式是:(1)Which
18、is the best title of the passage?(2)Which of the following is this passage about?(3)In this passage the writer tries to tell us that_.(4)The passage tells us that_.(5)This passage mainly talks about_.,2.考查把握文章的事实和细节的能力。主要提问方式是:(1)Which of the following is right?(2)Which of the following is not menti
19、oned?(3)Which of the following is Not True in the passage?(4)From this passage we know _.,3.考查根据上下文猜测生词的含义的能力。主要提问方式是:The word“”in the passage probably means _.(2)The underlined word“It”in the passage refers to _.(3)In this story the underlined word“”means _.(4)Here“it”means_.,4.考查对阅读材料全篇的逻辑关系的理解,对文
20、章各段,各句之间的逻辑关系的理解能力。主要提问方式是:Many visitors come to the writers city to _.(2)Air pollution is the most serious kind of pollution because _.(3)Why did the writer get off the train two stops before Vienna station?,5.考查依据短文内容和考生应有的常识进行推理和判断的能力。主要提问方式是:(1)We can guess the writer of the letter may be a _.(2
21、)From the letters weve learned that its very _ to know something about American social customs.(3)From the story we can guess _.,6.考查推断作者意图和态度的能力。(1)The writer writes this text to _.(2)The writer believes that _.(3)The writer suggests that _.,阅读理解题的一般解题思路,1、通篇阅读、了解事实、掌握大意。2、弄清考点、逐句细读、判断选择。3、复读全文、抓住要
22、点、验证答案。,一般是两小篇10个空,10分。以考查时态为主兼考语态和词形变化,情态动词。注意准确理解句子,寻找时间状语,判断时态。并分析句子结构判断语态,人称,数等语法要素。要重视不定式to do和分词-ing的用法。变否定,疑问句时添加助动词,不可任意添加情态动词!特别注意不规则动词的过去式和过去分词的正确拼写。,动词填空,改写句子,20个空10分。考查对句型词组的灵活运用和单句的理解能力。注意陈述句,否定句,疑问句,祈使句和感叹句句式及简单句复合句的转换,同义句,主被动语态的转换,对划线部分的提问。理顺关系看清要求综合考虑时态,人称,语态,延续与非延续动词的转换。,完成句子,20个空10
23、分。细读所给汉语句子,理解句意,分析句子结构成分,然后对比英汉两句,识别考查的重点。利用所学英汉语法知识,从人称,时态,语态,数及空格的数目做全面分析。注意单词拼写,词形变化,谓语动词,代词的运用。注意回忆复习时的重点词组和动词。要细心验证所完成的英语句子是否和汉意吻合!,书面表达,1.过渡自然,表达流畅。正确使用连词,如:then,after that,at that moment,after a while,later,at last;when/after/before/notuntil/as soon as等,使文章条理清晰,行文流畅。不重复使用可置换的词。2.适当评论,发表己见。How
24、 friendly they are!We can learn from them.They enjoyed themselves very much.What a happy family!,3.写出高质量的句子,1.I have a happy family.What a happy family I have!2.The story is very interesting.Everyone likes it.The story is so interesting that everyone likes it.3.He was ill.He didnt come to school.He
25、didnt come to school,because he was ill.4.I am good at English and I am good at maths too.I am good at not only English but also maths.,为了考试得高分,我们还要特别注意提醒学生以下几点:1.词数一定要控制在规定的范围之内。2.注意看图作文不必写题目;一般用过去时,注意引号内外 时态的变化。3.借助图片或提示信息列出写作要点,注意写出每个要点的 重点动词短语,并辅上相应的主语,宾语,时间地点等状 语加上表示情感的修饰词。文中要有一定的心理描写和对 事件的评价,升华自己的主题。4.遇到难句,应尽量找出相应简单的表达方式。5.书写要规范、工整,保持卷面整洁;正确使用标点;一般 不用缩写形式。6.认真检查。如:拼写、时态、语态、主谓一致、单复数、大小写、标点、词数、格式、要点等,力争尽善尽美。,Thanks for listening!,