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1、,语法专项复习,Zhang Ruobing,Modal Verbs,概念和特点,易混情态动词辨析,常考点归纳,目录,CONTENTS,具体用法,概念：情态动词是表示情态意义的动词，表示说话人的语气和情态，它不能单独作谓语，必须与实义动词一起构成谓语。特点：情态动词有一定的意义 无人称和数的变化。除了ought和have通常不带to，后加动词原形 表示说话人的语气或情绪（请求、警告、命令等）,概念和特点,表示能力，“能，会”。表示请求，许可，多用于口语，可与may互换。表推测的否定形式用cant，常用于否定句或疑问句。Eg:Li hua cant be in the classroom.Eg:Y
2、ou can go now.Eg:Can you play basketball?Eg:I could swim when I was seven years old.,用法,表许可,表推测,表能力,表过去的能力,表示推测，“可能，也许”，用于肯定句。表示请求，“许可,可以”。might表示说话更委婉，礼貌。注：表请求,许可时，主语为第一人称的一般疑问句，否定回答用mustnt/cant表“不可以，禁止”,不用may not“可能不”。表示祝愿。Eg:May you succeed!Eg:-May I smoke in this room?-Yes,you may.-No,you _.Eg:H
3、e may come tomorrow.,表祝愿,表可能,表许可,cant/mustnt,用于第一、三人称表示征求意见，询问。表示说话人的态度，“命令，警告，允诺，威胁”。should表示劝告，建议，“应该”。Eg:Shall I/we open the window?Eg:You shall finish your homework first.Eg:You should listen to your teacher.,表征求意见,表说话人的态度,表劝告,用于第二人称表示询问，请求。表示意愿，决定，允诺，用于各种人称。would 表示过去的意愿或委婉询问。Eg:Would you tell
4、me the way to the station?Eg:Will you lend me the book?Eg:I will try my best to help you.,表委婉询问,表询问请求,表意愿,表示“必须，应该”。表示推测，肯定句中，表“一定”。mustnt 表示禁止，“不允许”Eg:There is someone knocking at the door.It _ be Jim.以must 开头的疑问句，肯定句回答用must,否定 回答用neednt/dont have to,表示“不需要，不必”。,must,-Must we hand in our exercise b
5、ooks today?-Yes,you must.-No,you _.,neednt/dont have to,情态动词：+do,用need提问或回答，肯定句回答用must,否定句回答用neednt.Eg:Need I come to school tomorrow？实义动词：+to do,需要做某事，用助动词提问和否定。+doing 表示被动=sth.need to be done.需要做某事,Eg:My clothes need washing.=My clothes need to be washed.I need to wash my clothes.,Yes,you must.No,
6、you neednt.,must,1)must 必须,表示说话人的主观看法。,易混辨析,2)have to不得不，表示客观需要。,I must clean the room because there are too dirty.I have to leave school because my family is poor now.,（无人强迫）,（无耐）,表示推测、可能性,might-may-must 也许、可能、一定 1He might be very busy now.2He may be very busy now.3.He must be very busy now.,辨析,1.Y
7、oure Toms good friend,so you _ know what he likes best.2.-Are you going to Beijing by plane?-I am not sure.I _ take a train.,must,may,可能性递增,had better do 最好做某事 否定：had better not do Eg:You had better stay at home.be able to 与can 表示能力时用法相同，但前者有时态的变化，有能力成功做某事。Eg:We will be able to come back next week.,
8、辨析,had better,be able to&can,情态动词开头的疑问句的答语,考点,Yes,you may.,No,you mustnt.No,you cant.,No,you neednt.No,you dont have to.,No,you neednt/dont have to.,常见情态动词的否定用法,考点,cant,mustnt,shouldnt,表示推测意为“不可能”,意为“一定不要，不允许”,意为“不应该”,常见情态动词的否定用法,考点,neednt,had better not,Must I finsh my homework now?No,you neednt.,Y
9、ou had better not smoke because its had for your health.,Sayings,Friends must part.A cat may look at a king.Bite off more than one can chew.,天下无不散的宴席。,猫也有权晋见国王。,贪多咽不下。/贪多嚼不烂。,1.-_ you speak Japanese?-No,I cant.A.Can B.Must C.May D.Should2.You _ stop when the traffic light is red.A.can B.may C.must D
10、.need3.LiLei cant go hiking with us today.Because he _take care of his sick mother.A.has to B.may C.mustnt D.need t,A,C,A,Time for Practice,4.The light in the office is off.The teacher _be there now.A.may B.cant C.mustnt D.must5.His parents bought him a large house.It _be very expensive.A.must B.can
11、 C.mustnt D.cant,B,A,6.-Must I take the keyboard to the office now?-No,you _.You can do it later.A.mustnt B.cant C.dont D.neednt7.-May I take this book out of the reading room?-No,you _.You must read it here.A.may not B.dont have to C.mustnt D.neednt,D,C,8.-How is your friends coming?-Im not sure.He
12、 _drive here.A.may B.can C.must D.Will9.-Shall I tell Bob the news?-No,you _,Ive told him already.A.shouldnt B.wouldnt C.mustnt D.neednt10.Wed better _at home.A.stay B.staying C.to stay D.stayed11.youtellmewheretheMarketis?A.WouldB.MustC.ShouldD.Have,A,D,A,A,A,Summary,1.常用情态动词的用法 2.表猜测的情态动词may,cant,must.3.情态动词开头的疑问句的答语 4.易混淆的情态动词have to&must；might,may&must can&be able to；补充：need的用法；had better 的用法。,Homework,根据今天所学知识，请做一份情态动词的思维导图。,Thank you!,
