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1、,宾语从句：宾语可由名词，代词或名词短语或句子来充当。当一个句子充当宾语时，这个句子称为宾语从句。,Grammar,宾语从句要注意三个方面：引导词：语序：,原句如果是陈述句，变为宾语从句时要用that 引导，而that无意义，仅起连接作用。在口语 和非正式文体中常可省略 that.e.g.I think(that)you can do it.,一定要使用陈述语序。e.g.He knows what he should do next.,3.时态：,主句一般现在时，从句据句意用各种时态。主句一般过去时，从句只能用相应的过去时态。如宾语从句所陈述的内容是客观真理，客观事实，自然现象或定理等，则用一
2、般现在时。e.g.Everyone thinks(that)Milke will win the game.I thought(that)he watched the match.The teacher said(that)the earth goes around the sun.,注：宾语从句表示不肯定或疑问时，由 whether或if引导，表“是否，是 不是，能否”等。不充当任何句子成 分，只起连接作用，但不能省略。whether与if引导宾语从句时，一般可通用，但在下列5种情况下，whether不可换用if：,whether引导的从句居于句首。2.从句位于介词后作介词宾语。3.whet
3、her在不定式前，与不定式组成词组。4.主句的位于动词是discuss等动词。,They are talking about whether he will come here.,I dont know whether to stay or go.,They are discussing whether they should sell the old house.,Whether he agrees with me or not,I dont know.,宾语从句的分类：1.作动词的宾语：2.作介词的宾语：3.作形容词的宾语：,Everyone knows that he is a good
4、 student.,This depends on how hard you work.,They are afraid that they are wrong.,say,think,believe,hope,know,understand,suppose等,描写感情的形容词后，如afraid,sure,sorry,glad等,5.从句中有or not时。,I dont know whether or not it rains.,e.g.他认为他需要拍个X片。e.g.我知道我能修理这部车。e.g.他们认为他们会有更多的钱。e.g.她说她冷,She says that she is cold.,
5、He thinks that he needs an X-ray.,I know that I can repair this car.,They believe that they will have more money.,e.g.我觉得你需要拍个X片。e.g.听到你生病了我很难过。e.g.你为我所做的一切我很满意。,I am sure that you need an X-ray.,I am sorry that you are ill.,Im very plesed with what you are doing.,使用宾语从句要注意的3个问题：,1.形式宾语it：如宾语从句后有补语，
6、要用形 式宾语it来代替，而将从句放到补语的后面去。e.g.He has made it clear that the meeting will not be hold.,2.宾语从句否定意义的转移：在think、believe、suppose、except等后的宾语中，如从句谓语是否定的，一般将not移至主句谓语，而将从句宾语变为肯定形式。即：否定前移。e.g.我想他没时间玩足球。I think that he doesnt have time to play football.,I dont think that he has time to play football.,3.反意疑问句：
7、宾语从句的主句是主语+think(except,suppose,believe,imagine)时，附加疑问句部分要根据主句的主语而定：当主语 是第一人称时，要根据从句而定；主语是第二、三人称时，与主句保持一致，并且要注意否定前移。e.g.I dont think he is serious,_?You believe she is a good teacher,_?,is he,dont you,巧学宾语从句口诀：宾语从句三注意，时态、语序、引导词。主句若是过去时，主从时态要一致。宾从表达是真理，一般现在就可以。引导词也不难，陈述可用that连。一般问句表“是否”，if、whether来引导
8、。特殊问句作宾从，疑问词引导就能行。还有一点要说明，陈述语序要记清。,Practice,A Rewrite these sentences.,He is drinking his milk.,He says that he is drinking his milk.,A1 She says that she has found her pen.2 They say that they must remain here.3 He says that he remembers you.4 She says that she doesnt speak English.5 They say that
9、they are washing the dishes.,B Answer these questions.,Whats the matter with him?(feel/tired),He says that he feels tired.,What do they want?(some/money),They say that they want some money.,B1 He says that he feels ill.2 She says that she has got a headache.3 He says that he wants a haircut.4 They s
10、ay that they are thirsty.5 They say that they have a toothache.6 She says that she needs a licence.7 He says that he wants an X-ray.8 She says that she is cold.9 He says that he has got a cold.10 He says that he has an earache.,Consolidation,Lets have a test.,类型一：引导词的运用1 I dont know _or not.A.whethe
11、r he is at home B.if he is at home C.that he is at home D.whether is he at home 2 This depends on _ the weather is fine.A.which B.whether C.if D.that 3 The teacher asked the new student _ class he was in.A.which B.where C.if D.that,A,B,B,A,4 I dont know _ Mr.Green will come to see us.Hell help us wi
12、th our English.A.why B.when C.how D.where 5 Be careful!Dont break the bottles.Do you hear _ I said?David?Yes,Mum A.what B.that C.why D.if 6 Do you know _ Mr.Blacks address is?He may live at NO.18 or No.19 of Bridge Street.Im not sure of _.A.where,which B.where,what C.what,which D.what,where,B,B,A,C,
13、7 There is not much difference between the two.I really dont know _.A.what should I choose B.which I should choose C.which should I choose D.what I should choose 类型二：宾语从句的语序陈述句语序 1 Did you find out _?A.she was looking for whose child B.whose child was she looking for C.whose child she is looking for
14、 D.whose child she was looking for,B,D,2 Are you interested in _?A.how did he do it B.he did it how C.how he did it D.he how did it 3 I dont know _.Can you tell me?A.how the two players are old B.how old are the two players C.the two players are how old D.how old the two players are 4 What did the s
15、cientist say?He said he wondered if _ into space by spaceship one day.A.he had to fly B.he could fly C.can he fly D.could he fly,C,D,B,5 Excuse me,sir.Could you tell me _?A.Where the bank nearest B.where is the nearest bank C.where the nearest bank is D.the nearest bank is where 6 I hear well have a
16、 new teacher this term.Really?Do you know_?A.what subject does he teach B.What subject will he teach?C.what subject is he going to teach D.what subject he teaches,C,D,类型三：时态1 Its 7:30.I cant believe you_ cooking dinner yet,Sally.A.havent started B.didnt C.dont start D.hadnt started 2 The teacher tol
17、d us yesterday that December 25th _ Christmas Day.A.is B.was C.has been D.will be 3The teacher said that the earth _round the sun.A.goes B.go C.went D.will go,A,A,A,4 We d like to tell you that you _the exam.A.have passed B.had passed C.pass D.will pass 5“Could you tell me_?”“Yes.They _ to the libra
18、ry.”A.where are the twins,have been B.where were the twins,have been C.where the twins are,have gone D.where the twins were,have gone 6 Our father said that he _ a new computer next week.A.will buy B.have bought C.would buy D.buys,A,C,C,7 I hear that he _ to Beijing yesterday.A.goes B.will go C.went
19、 D.have gone 类型四：其他-反意疑问句，it做形式宾语1 I dont think he is right,_?Aisnt he Bis he Cdo I Ddont I2 He believes she is right,_?Adoesnt he Bdoes he Cis she Disnt sheI thought that he disliked playing football,_?Adidnt he Bdid he Cdid I Ddidnt I,C,B,A,A,4 I find _ important that we practice English every day.A.it B.this C.that D.what5 You cant imagine _when they received the nice gift.A.how they were excited B.how excited they were C.how excited were they D.they were how excited,A,B,
