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1、高三英语第一轮复习,.,1,.,2,Complex sentence,复合句：,由,连词,连接两个或多个,主谓结构,的句子，其中一个主谓结构是句子,的,主要部分（主句）,，另一个或一个以上的主谓结构只在句子中作,某个成分,（如主语、宾语、表语、,定语,、状语、同位语）。,复合句,=,主句,+,定语从句,另一个或一个以上的主谓结构,只在句子中作,某个成分（定语）,一个主谓结构是句子,的,主要部分（主句）,The students,(who,do not study hard,),will not pass the exam,.,主句主语,从句主语,从句谓语结构,主句谓语结构,Attributiv
2、e clause:,在句子中作,定语,，修饰,名词,或,代词,的从句。这种从句由,关系代词,或,关系副词,引导，并作句子成分。,定语从句还叫做,嵌入句,，,因形容词定语，所以又称之为,形容词性从句,。,定语从句的位置：通常在先行词（在主句中）后。,定,语,从,句,的,引,导,词,关系,代词,指人,who(,主语、宾语,),，,whom(,宾语,),，,that(,主语、宾语,),whose(,定语,),that(,主语、宾语,),which(,主语、宾语,),whose(,定语,),指物,where(,地点状语,),关系,副词,when(,时间状语,),why(,原因状语,),先行代词和关系词
3、的关系,1.,A plane is a machine,that,can fly.,the machine=,that,2.,The boy,who,broke the window is called Tom.,the boy,=,who,关系代词实际上是先行词的复指,3.,The boy,whose,parents are dead was brought up,by his grandfather.,the boy,s,=,whose,关系词,whose,实际上是先行词的所有格,4.,The school,where,I study is far from my home.,in the
4、 school,=,where,.,关系副词实际上是介词先行词,5,关系代词的实质,Join the following sentences:,A plane is a machine.The machine can fly.,.,6,关系代词的实质,Join the following sentences:,A plane is a machine.The machine can fly.,A plane is can fly.,a machine,the machine,.,7,关系代词的实质,Join the following sentences:,A plane is a machi
5、ne.The machine can fly.,A plane is can fly.,a machine,that/which,.,8,关系代词的实质,Join the following sentences:,The girl is Mary.We saw her yesterday.,.,9,关系代词的实质,Join the following sentences:,The girl is Mary.We saw her yesterday.,The girl,we saw yesterday is Mary.,her,.,10,关系代词的实质,Join the following se
6、ntences:,The girl is Mary.We saw her yesterday.,her,The girl,we saw yesterday is Mary.,.,11,关系代词的实质,Join the following sentences:,The girl is Mary.We saw her yesterday.,her,The girl,we saw yesterday is Mary.,.,12,关系代词的实质,Join the following sentences:,The girl is Mary.We saw her yesterday.,The girl,h
7、er,we saw yesterday is Mary.,.,13,关系代词的实质,Join the following sentences:,The girl is Mary.We saw her yesterday.,her,The girl,we saw yesterday is Mary.,.,14,关系代词的实质,Join the following sentences:,The girl is Mary.We saw her yesterday.,The girl,her,we saw yesterday is Mary.,.,15,关系代词的实质,Join the followi
8、ng sentences:,The girl is Mary.We saw her yesterday.,The girl,her,is Mary.,we saw yesterday,.,16,关系代词的实质,Join the following sentences:,The girl is Mary.We saw her yesterday.,The girl,that/who/whom,is Mary.,we saw yesterday,注意避免重复,.,17,关系副词和先行词的关系,I still remember,the day,when,I came here.,on,the day
9、=,when,This is,the house,where,I lived last year.,in,the house=,where,There are many,reasons,why,people like traveling.,for,the reasons=,why,I dont like,the way,that,you speak./in,which/,不接,in,the way=,that,关系副词实际上是介词先行词,.,18,The man,that,helped you is Mr White.,This is the person(,that),you want to
10、 see.,A dictionary is a useful book,that,tells us the,meaning of words.,The film,that,we just talked about is very,interesting.,.,19,A dictionary is a useful book,which,tells us the,meaning of words.,The film,which,we just talked about is very,interesting.,Tom is late again,which,makes his teacher,v
11、ery angry.,Eric received training in computer for,one year,after which,he found a job in a,big company.,.,20,.,21,1.that,与,which,2.,关系代词与关系副词的区分,3,whose,的使用,4 as,与,which,引导的定语从句,5,关系代词前介词的确定,6,限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句,.,22,1.that,与,which,that,1.Nothing _ can be done has,been done.,that,2.Do you have anythin
12、g _ you,先行词是,everything,nothing,anything,dont understand,?,something,much,little,none,等不定代词，引,导定语从句用,that,.,23,1.that,与,which,1.This is the best TV _ is,that,made in China.,that,2.The first museum _ he,visited in China was the History,Museum.,先行词被形容词最高级,或序数词修饰时，引导,定语从句用,that,。,.,24,1.that,与,which,Iv
13、e read all the books _,that,you lent me.,先行词被,any,some,no,much,few,little,every,all,very,only,last,修饰时,引导,定语从句用,that,。,.,25,1.that,与,which,1.The famous writer and his,works _ the radio,that,broadcast have aroused great,interest among the students.,2.A victim is a person,animal,or thing _ suffers pai
14、n,that,先行词中既有人又有事物时，,death,harm,etc.,引导定语从句用,that.,.,26,1.that,与,which,1.Who _ you have ever seen,that,can do it better?,Who,做先行词时，,引导定语从句用,that,.,27,1.that,与,which,1.Her bag,in _ she put all,which,her money,has been stolen.,which,2.This is the ring on _ she,spent 1000 dollars.,3.Xiao Wang,with _ I
15、went,whom,to the concert,enjoy it very much,.,在介词后面，指事物,用,which,，指人用,whom,.,28,The,dictionary,the,cover,of,which,is,red,is,my,birthday,gift.,The,dictionary,whose,cover,is,red,is,my,gift.,.,29,?,2.,关系代词,that,which,和关系,副词,when,where,的区别,.,30,1),、找出定语从句中是否,主语和宾语都齐全,。如齐全,用关系副词,。,用什么关系副词看先行词。,_,when,_,I
16、will never forget the days,(_)I,stayed with you).,_,where,_,Do you remember the library,_(you,first met your girlfriend,？）,why,Please give me the reason,_,_,(you made such a great success).,_,2),定语,从句没有宾语,?,Yesterday we went to visit the house,_(the great writer used to live).,where,The house,that/w
17、hich,_(they built in 1987),stayed up in the earthquake.,.,32,Ill never forget the day _ we,first met in the park.,.,33,3,）、如定语从句中谓语结构是被动结构，有主语，则用,关系副词。,Kunming is a beautiful place,where,_(,flowers,are seen,all the,year round).,October 1,st,is the day,_(,when,new China,was founded,).,Which,was opene
18、d,this morning)has been broken.,The window,(_,that,Which,will be held,next week)is very important.,The meeting,(_,that,2(2)that,which,与,why,指时间，地点或原因的先行词在定语从句,的区分,中作主语或宾语，用,which,或,that,引导定语,从句。,This is the reason _,why,that,(=for which)I didn,t come,here.,The reason _ she,which/that,gave was not tr
19、ue.,.,35,This is the,reason,why,he did not came to,the meeting.,We are not satisfied with the reason,that/which,he gave us.,.,36,Exercise:,2.Ill never forget the days _ we,spent,together.,which,及物动词,when/in which,1.Ill never forget the days_ we,worked,toget,3.I went to the place,where/in which,I wor
20、ked,ten years a,及物动词,4.I went to the place _ I visited,ten years ago.,which,why/for which,5.This is the reason _ he was late.,that/which,6.This is the reason _ he gave.,.,及物动词,37,介词,+,关系代词的情况,1,The man whom you spoke was a scientist.,to,in,The city which she lives is far away.,.,38,介词,+,关系代词的情况,2,Ar
21、e these two sentences right?,to,The man who/whom you spoke was a scientist.,The city that/which she lives is far away.,in,.,39,介词,+,关系代词的情况,3,Are these two sentences right?,The man who/whom you spoke was a scienti,to,in,The city that/which she lives is far away.,可见,who,、,that,不能用与介词之后,.,40,介词,+,关系代词
22、的情况,4,下面两句中的介词能提前吗,?,Is this the watch that you are,looking for,?,The old man whom I am,looking after,is better.,在固定短语中介词不能提前,.,41,介词,+,关系代词的情况,练习,on which,?,1.,Do you like the book,she spent$10?,for which,?,2.,Do you like the book,she paid$10?,?,3.,Do you like the book,from which,she learned,a lot?
23、,?,4.,Do you like the book,about which,she often,talks?,?,5.,He built a telescope,through which,he could,study the skies.,.,42,?,6.There is a tall tree outside,under which,stands,our teacher.,?,7.,China has a lot of rivers,the second longest _,of which,?,is the Yellow River.,from which,?,8.The tower
24、 _ people can have a good view,?,is on the hill.,?,9.The man _ I spoke on the phone last night,to,whom,?,is very good at wrestling.,?,10.He paid the boy$10 for washing ten windows,?,most _ hadnt been cleaned for at least a,of which,year.,4 as,的使用,The earth is round,_ we all know.,as,_ is known to al
25、l,the earth is round,As,_ is known to all,that,the earth is,It,round.,定语从句在句首时只能用,as,as,具有正如之意，与之搭配的动,词一般是固定的,.,44,as,的使用,1.It is very useful to master a,foreign language,_ has been,which,said before.,2 _ everyone hoped,Mary,As,as,引导定语从句可放在句首，句中，,has won the first prize.,句末，而,which,引导定语从句不能,放在句首,.as
26、,译为正如，好像。，,which,则没有此义。,.,45,He married the girl,，,as(which),was,natural.,He seemed a foreigner,as(which),in fact,he was.,As was natural,he married the girl.,Tom is late again,which,makes his,teacher very angry.,The earth travels around the sun,as,is,well known to us all.,.,46,as,的使用,?,This is the s
27、ame book as I lost.,这本书和我丢的那本一模一样。,?,This is the same book that I lost.,这本书就是我丢的那本。,.,47,as,的使用,This is such an interesting book _,as,we all like.,This is so interesting a book _,as,定语从句,we all like.,这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一,本书。,.,48,as,的使用,This is such an interesting book,_we all like it.,that,This is so int
28、eresting a book,_we all like it.,that,结果状语从句,这本书如此有趣，大家都喜欢。,.,49,We are facing,the same,problems,as,we did,years ago.,Some people have no doubt that their cat,understands,as/so,many words,as,a dog,does.,We hope to get,such,a tool,as,he is using.,Hes such a good student,as,everyone likes.,Hes such a
29、good student,that,everyone,likes him.,.,50,定,语,从,句,The Restrictive Attributive,Clause,限制性定语从句,The Non-Restrictive Attributive,Clause,非限制性定语从句,.,51,限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别,类别,意义,限定性,起限定作用。,定语从,若省略，原句,句,意义不完整,。,功能,修饰,先行,词,形式,关系代词,无逗,2.,作宾,号隔,语时可,开,以省略,有逗,号与,主句,隔开,1.,有,that,非限定,性定语,起补充说明作,修饰先,用。若省略，,行词,/,从
30、句,原句意义不受,整个句,子,.,影响。,无,that,不可以,省略,52,只用非限制性定语从句的情况：,He was late again,which,made,his teacher very angry.,当关系代词指代整个,主句内容时。,.,53,只用非限制性定语从句的情况：,The moon,which is 384,400,kilometers away from the earth,goes,around the earth.,当先行词指的是世界上,独一无二的事物时。,.,54,Yesterday he left,America,where he,had stayed for t
31、wo years.,先行词是人名、地名、,国名、建筑物等专有,名词时。,.,55,区别,：,I have a son who is a doctor.,我有一个是医生的儿子（,还有其他儿子,）,I have a son,who is a docotor.,我有一个儿子，他是医生。,（意指：,我只有这一个儿子。,）,.,56,.,57,Correct the sentences:,1.I,m using the pen which he,bought it,yesterday.,to,2.The man whom I spoke is,from Canada.,3.July 1,1999 is
32、the day when,that,we,ll never forget.,.,58,Correct the sentences:,4.I,m going to work in the hospital,where needs me.,which,5.Those that haven,t been to the,West Lake will gather at the,school gate.,who,.,59,Correct the sentences:,?,6.This is the last time,when I,ve given you,lessons.,that,?,7.The r
33、eason which he,explained it sounds,reasonable.,why,.,60,Correct the sentences:,9.Taiwan,that we know,belongs to China.,as,10.The bike by which I,travelled was his.,on,.,61,Correct the mistakes,1.Under the big tree are 34 students,many,of them come from class two.,whom,2.My mother has a good book,whi
34、ch cover looks terrible.,whose,3.This is the very pen that you gave it,to me before.,it,4.There is an old woman,that is holding,who,a stick.,.,62,.,63,.,63,.,63,.,63,.,63,根据下列句子，完成短文。,众所周知，,2008,年北京将举办奥运,会。英语作为一种国际语言，将会在,交流中起着重要作用。作为一名高三,学生，我们应抓住现在的学习机会努,力学好它。只有这样，才能为奥运贡,献自己的力量。,注意：要使用定语从句,.,.,64,As
35、 is known to all,Beijing will host,the 2008 Olympic Games.English,which is an international language,plays an important part in communicating,with foreigners.We Senior Three students,should catch this opportunity to learn it well,by which we can make our contribution to,the Olympic Games,.,.,65,Thank,you,Goodbye,.,66,Thank,you,Goodbye,.,66,Thank,you,Goodbye,.,66,Thank,you,Goodbye,.,66,Thank,you,Goodbye,.,66,
