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1、语法课堂,致同学,漫长的假期过后，同学们的差距会拉大。,上一页,现在完成时,下一页,主菜单,真题再现：I have never been to Beijing for the summer holidays,and _ he.A.so has B.neither has C.so have D.neither have,真题再现：-She _ ten years ago-You mean she _ him for ten years？（）A.married；has got married to B.got married；has got married with C.got married；
2、has been married with D.got married；has been married to,现在完成时,主菜单,上一页,下一页,现在完成时的结构,现在完成时的使用场景,现在完成时的时间状语,短暂性性动词与延续性动词,与一般过去时的用法比较,一，现在完成时的结构,主菜单,上一页,下一页,have(has）+过去分词,present(now),future,past,do my homework,I have done my homework.,一，现在完成时的结构,一，现在完成时的结构,二，现在完成时的使用场景,上一页,下一页,She has already finished
3、 the work.她已经完成了工作。,主菜单,场景一.表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。常与already(已经)，just(刚刚)，yet(然而，还)，ever(曾经)，never(从不)，so far(到目前为止)，up till now(到目前为止)等连用。,上一页,下一页,I have learnt English for more than ten years.我已经学了10多年的英语。(从10年前开始,持续到现在还在学)She has swum since half an hour ago.我已经游泳了半个小时(半个小时前已经开始游泳,到现在还在游),二，现在完成时的
4、使用场景,主菜单,场景二.表示动作从过去已经开始,持续到现在，并有可能继续下去。常与since+过去的时间点，for+一段时间，so far等连用。,场景三.表示曾有过或从未有过的经历。,上一页,下一页,I have ever been to the Summer Palace?(我曾去过颐和园),She has gone to Jinan.她已经去了济南。,二，现在完成时的使用场景,主菜单,have been to 去了已回have gone to 去了未回have been in 待在某地（多长时间）,用Have been to,have gone to,have been in 填空,M
5、ike and his parents _ the north for half a year.Mum is not at home now.she _ the shop._ you ever _ to kunming?Never.Where _ you _ these days?Has Jim arrived yet?Yes,he _ here for several days.Where is Peter?I dont know where he _.Hi Jim!Where _ you _?Li Lei is looking for you.,have been in,has gone
6、to,have been,Have been,has been,has gone,have been,下一页,上一页,主菜单,常与already,never,ever,just,yet,before,up to now,so far,for the last few weeks these days,since for a long time 连用,上一页,下一页,主菜单,三，现在完成时的时间状语,1）already 已经，句中，往往用于肯定句，用在疑问句时表示强调或加强语气；,He has already left here.他已经离开这里了。Has he already left here
7、?他（真的）已经离开这里了吗？（表示加强语气）,三，现在完成时的时间状语,2.）yet在现在完成时中用于否定句和疑问句。,否定句:句末“还(没)”,疑问句:句末“己经”,Eg.I havent had breakfast yet.Have you had breakfast yet?,三，现在完成时的时间状语,3）never 是否定词，表示“从来没有”，而ever 表示“曾经”，just“刚刚”。他们都位于have/has 后。,We have never been to the Great Wall.我们从来没有去过长城。Have you ever been to Canada?你们曾经去过
8、加拿大吗？He has just come back.他刚刚回来。,三，现在完成时的时间状语,三，现在完成时的时间状语,1，Have you _ been to Beijing.你曾经去过北京吗？2，I have _ read the book.我已经读了这本书。3，Have you found the rule _?你已经找到这个规则了吗？4，I have _ come back.我刚刚回来。5，He has _ been to Jinan.他从来没去过济南。,already,yet,never,ever,just,三，现在完成时的时间状语,4）for+时间段,I have been her
9、e for 5 weeks.我在这儿5年了。Hes studied English for 3 years.我学英语3年了。,三，现在完成时的时间状语,5）since+过去的时间点（过去时的从句、一段时间+ago）,I have been here since 2000.我从2000年就在这儿。I have been here since 5 years ago.我从5年前开始在这儿。I have been here since I graduated in 2000.自从2000年我毕业，我就在这儿。,注1):since 也可单独使用,表示“自那时起”;另外since前也可加上ever,以加
10、强语气.Eg.I have been here(ever)since.I have been here(ever)since I graduated in 2000.,三，现在完成时的时间状语,注2):对for或since引导的时间状语提问 必须用how long,决不能用when.,Eg.I have lived here for 10 years.,How long have you lived here?,She has stood here since 2 hour ago.,How long has she stood here?,三，现在完成时的时间状语,选用 for和 since
11、填空:1.We havent seen each other _ a long time.2.His father has been in the Party _ 10 years ago.3.The film has been on _ 20 minutes.4.Mr Green has worked here _ he came to China.5.His grandparents have been dead _ several years.6.Its five years _ we met last time.,for,since,for,since,for,since,下一页,上一
12、页,三，现在完成时的时间状语,口诀：过去的动作或状态，一直持续到现在，for和since把时间带 动词必须是延续 否定句中又除外,三，现在完成时的时间状语,判断：（1）这本书我已经买了3年了。Ive bought the book for three years.Ive had the book for three years.(2)I havent bought the bike for a year.我买这辆自行车还不到一年。I have bought the bike for a year.我买这辆自行车一年了。,四，短暂性动词与延续动词,四，短暂性动词与延续性动词,短暂性动词表示短暂的
13、动作。在肯定句、疑问句中不能与时间段连用，这些动词有come,go,beging,start,die,buy,borrow,sell等。,延续性动词表示能够延续的动作。如：learn，work，stand,read,sleep，stay等。延续性动词可以与表示时间段的状语“for+时间段，since+过去时间点，how long”等连用。,四，短暂性动词与延续性动词,判断：这家商店开门6个小时 The shop has open for 6 hours.The shop has been open for 6 hours.,四，短暂性动词与延续性动词,短暂性动词的转化为延续性动词1，第一招 变
14、成持续动词如：borrow-keep.2，第二招 变成系表结构如：finish-be over.,第一招 变成持续动词,转成持续不用愁。买来、得到变拥有，(buy/get/receive have)借入一定变保留。(borrow keep)穿上变穿着，(put on wear)感冒have a cold。(get/catch a cold have a cold)开始做某事，to后动词持续的。(come to know know，start/begin to study study)到达变停留，也可be in、be at。(reach/arrive in,at/get to be in/at)
15、,第二招 变成系表结构系表结构来解忧，be 代become,get，fall和go。（系动词become,get,fall,go系动词be fall ill be ill,go(get)out be out,fall asleep be asleep,get up be up,）be后名、介、副和形，（be加名词、介词短语、副词、形容词构成系表结构）一切轻松能搞定。去在那，来在这，回来回去be back。(go be there come be here come/go back be back)离开be away，结束be over，开始在进行。(leave be away end/fini
16、sh be over start/begin be on)加入是成员，或在组织中。(join be in+组织 join be a member of+组织)开办be open（open be open）死去be dead（die be dead）,判断正误：1.我买了这块手表五年了。2.这位老人已经死了十年了。,I have bought this watch for five years.I have had this watch for five years/since 5 years ago.,The old man has died for ten years.The old man
17、 has been dead for ten years/since 10 years ago.,W,W,下一页,上一页,主菜单,四，短暂性动词与延续性动词,3.他已经回来三天了。4.自从六点钟他就来这儿了。5.我离开家乡已十年了。,He has come back for 3 days.He has been back for 3 days/since 3 days ago.,He has come here since 6 oclock.He has been here since 6 oclock.,I have left hometown for 10 years.I have bee
18、n away from hometown for 10 years.,W,W,W,四，短暂性动词与延续性动词,链接：1，Our English teacher is very nice.We _ friends since three years ago.A.were B.become C.have been D.has made2,She _ this book for nearly three weeks.A.has borrowed B.has lent C.has bought D.has kept,四，短暂性动词与延续性动词,一，是否与现在有密切联系现在完成时和一般过去时都是说过去的
19、事情，但现在完成时强调事情与现在保持的某种密切联系（如现在的结果，影响,一直延续到现在等）;而一般过去时，则只讲述发生在过去的动作和事情与现在没有关系。,上一页,下一页,主菜单,五，与一般过去时的用法比较,二，时间状语不同,上一页,下一页,常与一般过去时连用的典型的 表示过去时间的状语:yesterday(昨天),the day before yesterday(前天),just now(刚才)，时间+ago,last+时间 等;,eg:The plane took off ten minutes ago.,We finished our task last week.,主菜单,当有一个表示过
20、去某一特定时间的状语时，不用现在完成时，而用一般过去时:,上一页,下一页,eg:I saw the film on television yesterday.,但since(自以来)+某一过去时间或叙述过去事情的从句总是与现在完成时连用。,eg：They have known each other since 1950.,Since he was a child,he has lived in England.,主菜单,动 词 填 空：1._ you _(clean)the room?Yes,we _(do)that already.When _ you _(do)it?We _(do)it
21、an hour ago.2._ he _(see)this film yet?Yes.When _ he _(see)it?He _ it last week.3.How many times _you_(be)there?,Have,cleaned,have done,did,do,did,Has,seen,did,see,saw,have,been,下一页,上一页,主菜单,Has she ever been to Nanjing?她曾去过南京吗？You have never been there,have you?你以前从未去过那儿，是吗？I have been to Guiling,I
22、went there last year.我去过桂林，我去年去的。She has gone to Nanjing.她已经去南京了。,上一页,下一页,主菜单,It is+一段时间+since+句子(一般过去时)=一段时间+has passed+since+句子(一般过去时),Eg.It is five years since I joined the army.=Five years has passed since I joined the army.,上一页,现在完成时练习,主菜单,1.I _(read)the novel twice.Its interesting.2.She _(go)t
23、o Pairs,hasnt she?Yes.How _ she _(go)there?She _(go)there by air.3.So far,many countries _(develop)their software programs.4.Mr Chen _(give)up smoking last year.5.Mr Chen _(give)up smoking since last year.,have read,has gone,did,go,went,have developed,gave,has given,下一页,上一页,主菜单,改 错1.How long have yo
24、u begun to study English?2.I have borrowed this book for two weeks.3.The river has become very dirty since last August.4.Our manager is away today.He has been to Guangzhou on business.5.He has gone out for two years.,studied,kept,been,gone,been,下一页,上一页,主菜单,The house is dirty.We _it for weeks.A didnt
25、 clean B hadnt cleaned C dont clean D havent cleaned2.-_the sports meeting might be put off.-Yes,it all depends on the weather.A Ive been told B Ive told C Im told D I told3.-Im sorry to keep you waiting.-Oh,not at all.I _here only a few minutes.A have been B had been C was D will be4.You dont need
26、to describe her.I _ her several times.A.had met B have met C met D meet 5.-Will you go to Beijing for vacation?-I _ to go,but I dont know if I can go.A was planning B have planned C had been planning D have been planning,6.-When will they leave?-They _very soon.A do leave B are leaving C have left D
27、 leave7-Was he studying for an exam?-Yes,hes _ it last week.A doing B to take C making D to give8.The teacher told the pupils that the earth _ round.A is B would C was D were9.She _ such an interesting book before.A was never reading B will never read C had never read D has never read 10.How long do you think the meeting _ A is lasting B is lasted C will last D lasts,
