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1、英语国际音标与语音速,英语国际音标简介,音素是语音的最小单位，一个音素就是一个音。48音素 元音 辅音音标是用于标记读音的符号，也就是音素的书面符号。英语音标的作用相当于汉语的拼音。国际音标是国际语音协会制定的一套语音符号。26字母 元音字母 辅音字母音标在标注字母或单词的读音时，音标外要用方括号 或两条斜线括起来，以免与单词或字母混淆。,元音是指发音时气流通过口腔或鼻腔时，不受任何阻碍，同时声带振动。英语中的元音共有20个。辅音是指发音时，气流从肺部压出来后，通过口腔或鼻腔时受到各发音器官的阻碍，如受到唇、齿、舌、咽喉等的阻碍而形成的音。英语中的辅音音素按发音时声带是否振动可以分为11个清辅
2、音和17个浊辅音。清辅音发音时声带不振动，浊辅音发音时声带振动。,音标的分类和数量：一、元音二、辅音,共有48个，其中元音音标20个，辅音音标28个。在元音中，单元音有12个，双元音有8个。在辅音中，清辅音有11个，浊辅音有17个。,I、元音 Vowels分类：一、1、单元音：2、双元音：二、1、长元音：2、短元音：II、辅音分类:清辅音 浊辅音III、浊辅音有什么特征？IV、什么是开音节和闭音节？,/I/e/,/i:/:/:/u:/:/,/eI/aI/I/a/I/e/,单元音,双 元 音,短元音,长元音,/i:/,发音要诀(1)舌尖抵下齿，舌前部尽量抬高。(2)双唇扁平，牙床几乎半合。(3)
3、这是长元音，发音时嘴角向旁伸，做微笑状，并要有一定的延长。发音练习,me mi:see si:sea si:meet mi:t heat hi:t need ni:d free fri:feel fi:l bee bi:,we/wi:/我们me/mi:/我（宾格）she/i:/她 knee/ni:/膝盖 tree/tr i:/树 sheep/i:p/羊three/ri:/三canteen/cnti:n/these/i:z/这些Chinese/taini:z/,朗读下面的句子,(1)A friend in need is a friend indeed.(2)Which would you li
4、ke,black tea or green tea?(3)Can you see the green tree?(4)There is a key on the seat.(5)Do you like to eat meat?,/,发音要诀（1）舌尖抵下齿，舌前部抬高，音短促。（2）双唇扁平，牙床半合，上下齿之间可放入一个小指尖。口腔肌肉松弛。发音练习,/,/,/,/,/,/,/,/,/,/,k,i,s,s,s,i,t,c,l,i,p,s,i,x,c,h,i,p,s,吻,坐,回形针,六,炸薯条,ks,st,klp,sks,ps,/,/,/,/,/,/,/,/,/,/,/,/,p,i,g,b,i
5、,g,d,i,g,k,i,d,k,i,c,k,p,i,c,k,猪,大的,挖,小孩子,踢,采摘,pg,bg,dg,kd,kk,pk,Milk/m lk/牛奶 hit/h t/打，击中minute/m n t/分钟 city/s t/城市fish/f/鱼 hill/h l/小山window/w nd/窗 happy/kp/快乐fit/f t/适合的 thin/n/瘦的rabbit/rb t/兔子 live/l v/居住Is/z/是 this/s/这个music/mju:z k/音乐his/h z/他的fifteen/f fti:n/十五,朗读下面的句子,(1)This is a pig.(2)Ji
6、m is as thin as a pin.(3)Dick often sits on the hill.(4)Bill lives in this village.(5)It is a pity,this city is too noisy.,注意事项/i:/与/发音的不同,（1）这是两个不同的音素，/i:/不是/的单纯加长。它们的发音口腔部位不完全相同。（2）发/音时，口腔肌肉松弛；发/i:/时口腔肌肉紧张。（3）/是短元音，发音短促；/i:/是长元音，发音细长。,/e/,发音要诀（1）舌尖抵下齿，舌前部稍抬高。（2）双唇中常，上下齿间可容下一食指，口腔肌肉松弛。注意事项（1）发/e/音时
7、，口不能张得太大。（2）要避免舌头随便移动，从而发成其他的双元音。发音练习,朗读下面的单词,/le/tel/desk/bed/bred/,leg telldesk bed bread,leg/leg/腿 egg/eg/鸡蛋bed/bed/床 desk/desk/桌子pen/pen/笔 elephant/elifnt/大象get/get/获得 seven/sevn/七yes/jes/是的 eleven/levn/十一,/,b,e,d,b,e,l,t,p,e,t,e,g,g,l,e,g,d,e,s,k,床,腰带,宠物,蛋,腿,书桌,bed,/,belt,/,/,/,/,/,/,/,/,/,/,pe
8、t,egg,leg,desk,朗读下面的句子,(1)It is never too late to mend.(2)He has already passed the test.(3)Fresh vegetables are good for our health.(4)So many men,so many minds.(5)Lets get ready for the lesson.,/,发音要诀（1）舌尖抵下齿，舌前部稍抬高，音短促。（2）双唇向两边平伸，成扁平形。上下齿间可容两指宽度。口腔肌肉松弛。发音练习,/,/,/,/,/,/,/,/,/,/,a,d,b,a,d,s,a,d,d,a
9、,d,b,a,g,爸爸,坏的,伤心的,广告,书包,d,bd,sd,dd,bg,/,/,/,/,/,/,/,/,b,a,t,c,a,t,c,a,p,b,l,a,c,k,蝙蝠/球拍,猫,帽子,黑色的,bt,kt,kp,blk,朗读下面的句子,(1)As a matter of fact,the man is fat.(2)The cat catches a fat rat.(3)A fat man ran after a black cat.(4)She has a black bag.(5)Mack comes back very late.,/:/,her h:bird b:d work w:
10、k shirt:t girl:l skirt sk:t,nurse/n:s/hurt/h:t/term/t:m/,heard/h:d/earn/:n/,朗读下面的句子,(1)The early bird catches the worm.(2)There are thirteen girls in the third picture.(3)Please turn to page thirty and read the first dialogue.(4)The nurse in a dirty skirt is feeding the bird.(5)He has written thirty
11、 poems this term.,/,注意事项/不出现在重读音节中，在词首或词中时发音较模糊，在词尾时适当拖长。发音练习,ago u panda pnd brother br sister sist winter wint river riv breakfast brekfst,朗读下面的句子,(1)Her younger sister is a teacher.(2)Did you forget the famous writers name?(3)After supper,he went to visit his younger brother.(4)There is an eraser
12、 under the computer.(5)The second picture drew by my brother is very beautiful,/:/,/:t/h:d/st:/k:d/d:k/:m/st:t/,art hard starcard dark arm start,朗读下面的句子,(1)There is a large park near the farm.(2)A fast car passed through the park.(3)Her father is counting the stars in a dark house.(4)He didnt pass t
13、he exam,for its rather hard.(5)Her farther put the card into the basket.,/,注意事项发/时，声音要短促，不能拖泥带水。发音练习,/fn/bs/mst/kt/lk/sn/sn/dk/,fun bus must cut luck sun son duck,朗读下面的句子,(1)What colour is this bus?(2)Her son loves nothing but money.(3)Its Sunday,but you must get up now.(4)Her cousin cut her finger
14、last Monday.(5)He doesnt have enough money,but he is going to take his mother to visit the Great Wall.,/:/,/d:/l:/k:l/m:/sm:l/st:ri/t:l/,door law call more small story tall,朗读下面的句子,(1)Look before you leap.(2)Its warm today.(3)Please open the door.(4)George saw a door on the wall.(5)Your daughter who
15、 is tall has bought four balls.,/,/h t/st p/n t/b ks/s ri/w t/f ks/d g/p t/kl k/,hot stop not box sorry whatfoxdog potclock,朗读下面的句子,(1)I got a job as a pop song singer.(2)Barking dogs do not bite.(3)-Whats this?-Its a clock.(4)There are many hot dogs in the shop.(5)The dog stopped on the top of the
16、hill.,/u:/,/u:/fu:d/ku:l/ru:m/nu:dl/,shoe food cool room noodle,/,/p t/b k/g d/l k/k k/f t/,put book good look cook foot,朗读下面的句子,(1)The classroom is full of books.(2)She is a good-looking cook.(3)More sugar should be put in the coffee.(4)He is looking for a good book.(5)I sometimes cook with a book
17、near my right foot.,/e/,/m e k/d e t/d e t/k e k/w e t/n e m/l e k/t e bl/,make date data cake wait name lake table,/a/,/fla/kra/ma/kand/ba/,fly cry my kind buy,/,/b/t/l/nz/vs/,boytoyoil noise voice,/,/k t/hm/k ld/rz/b t/z/n/n/ld/l/g/s/,coat cold boat know old low go so,home rose those no,/a/,/a t/n
18、a/ha/has/ma/,outnow how housemouth,/,/n/kl/h/mi:d/b/d/,ear near clear here media beer deer,/e/,/e/he/e/pe/h:dwe/,airhairshare pearhardware,/,/t/p/,tour poorsure,国际英文26个字母及发音音标26个英文字母及发音音标如下:A a/ei/B b/bi:/C c/si:/D d/di:/E e/i:/F f/ef/G g/di:/H h/eit/I i/ai/J j/dei/K k/kei/L l/el/M m/em/N n/en/O o/u
19、/P p/pi:/Q q/kju:/R r/a:/S s/es/T t/ti:/U u/ju:/V v/vi:/W w/dblju:/X x/eks/Y y/wai/Z z/zi:/zed/,以上我们可以看出,英语字母中有一些含有共同的元音音素.如:1)含元音音素/ei/字母 AaHh Jj Kk音标:/ei/eit/dei/kei/2)含元音音素/i:/字母 BbCcDd Ee Gg PpTt Vv音标:/bi:/si:/di:/i:/di:/pi:/ti:/vi:/3)含元音音素/e/字母:Ff Ll Mm NnSs XxZz音标:/ef/el/em/en/es/eks/zed/,4)含元
20、音音素/ju:/字母:Uu Qq Ww 音标:/ju:/kju:/dblju:/5)含元音音素/ai/字母:Ii Yy 音标:/ai/wai/,consonants(辅音),a.爆破音/p/,/t,/k/,/b/,/d/,/b.摩擦音/f/,/,/s/,/,/v/,/,/z/,/,/h/,/r/c.破擦音/t/，/tr/，/ts/，/d/，/dr/，/dz/d.鼻腔音/m/,/n/,/e.舌边音/l/f.半元音/w/,/j/,p/p/pen picture jeep map,b/b/bike bus book box,双唇音：,a.爆破音,d/d/desk down bird good,t/t
21、/ten two boat meet,发音方法：,齿龈音：,k/k/cake Kate thank clock,g/g/good girl egg bag,舌后软颚音,/f/finefivefourfamilyfacefloorfriend,/v/verysevenhavelovegloveovereleven,b.摩擦音,唇齿相依音：,/thinthinkthankthreethirteenthirtytenth,/thisthatthesethosetherefathermother,舌齿音,s/s/sit see yes class,齿龈音：,z/z/is his these zero,
22、/k/e/i:/ip/p/fi/ju:ul/le/ple/,cash share she ship shop fish usual leisure pleasure,齿龈硬颚音,/t/cheap/ti:p/search/s:t/chair/te/watch/w:t/Match/mt/,/d/job/d b/orange/rind/Japan/d pn/just/dst/message/mesid/,c.破擦音,齿龈硬颚音,/tr/tree/tri:/try/trai/train/trein/true/tru:/truth/tru:/trade/treid/train/trein/,/dr/dr
23、y/drai/draw/dr:/drum/drm/dream/dri:m/dress/dres/driver/draiv/,/ts/wants bats hats habits cats,/dz/needs beds cards sounds,/m/mymapamgame,/n/ninenewtenson,/morningwrongthinkthank,d.鼻腔音,/h/he hat here hill,/l/look hello floor family,/r/red right brown room,卷舌齿龈音：,/j/yes you your yellow,/w/we woman whe
24、re white,爆破辅音,/p/pea/t/tear/k/class,/b/bee/d/dear/g/glass,Good,better,best，循序渐进Never let it rest，永不停止Until good is better,好上加好And better best，精益求精,摩擦辅音/f/v/,fastfewleafproofsafesurf,vast 巨大的 viewleaveprovesaveserve,He works hard as if he never knew fatigue.It is very difficult for us to finish it be
25、fore five.,摩擦辅音/s/z/,busicelooseraceused,buzz 蜂音eyesloseraiseused,摩擦辅音/,thankthemethickbathbreathcloth,thanthesethisbathebreatheclothe,/s/,thinthingfaithmouth/breatheclotheseethe 沸腾,sinsingfacemouse/z/breeze 微风closeseize,/t/,thankthought/theretheythose/three,tanktaught/d/daredaydoze 打瞌睡/f/free,A tho
26、usand thanks.Cathy has three brothers.Mr.Smith talked about this,that and the other.There is something.They have been there for more than three months.,摩擦辅音/,cashfishshipshoe,leisure 闲暇measure 测量pleasurevision 视觉,Measure for measure.以牙还牙She sells sea shells on the seashore.她在海边捡贝壳。,摩擦辅音,/h/hardhehou
27、sewhohihello,/r/redroadwritewrong,破擦辅音/ts/dz/,carts ratesSeats/t/cheepchoke 闷塞larch 落叶松rich,cardsraidsSeeds/d/jeepjokelargeridge 脊,破擦辅音/tr/dr/,tracktreetrucktry,dragdreamdrugdry,Never trouble trouble till trouble troubles you.麻烦不找你，就别自找麻烦。,鼻辅音/m/n/,dim 朦胧的 din 喧闹 ding 唠叨seem seen seeing sum sun sung whim 怪想 win wing,舌边辅音/l/,/l/n/r/lead need readlight night right,半元音/w/j/,warm youngwell yardwhile yieldwhere there is a will,there is a way.有志者，事竟成。you still look young,year after year.一年一年过去了，你看起来还那么年轻。,
