《it的常见用法课件.ppt》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《it的常见用法课件.ppt（42页珍藏版）》请在三一办公上搜索。
1、It的用法,Its 10:08,Its lovely,It weighs only 3 kilos,Its a large sum of money,It was nearly midnight when she came back.When is it？/What time is it?It was very quiet in the caf.It is half an hours walk to the city centre.Who is it?-Its me.Her face lighted when she saw who it was.It doesnt matter./It is
2、 a shame,isnt it?,指时间:,指环境:,指距离：,指不知性别的人：,指某件事：,基本用法:,it可用来指代前文提到的人,物或事情,也可以用来指时间,金钱,距离,天气等自然现象,It can be used as impersonal pronouns to talk about time,date,distance or weather and so on.,Suddenly _began to rain.He found _ hard to walk there.Then he took a bus home.Unfortunately _ went wrong.When h
3、e got home,he was wet through.Thus _ was a day that he would never forget.,it,it,it,it,_ was a sunny day.Peter decided to go for a walk to the park,though _ was two miles away._ was so comfortable to walk on the street.,It,it,It,S+think+it+necessary+(for sb.)to do sth.,The chairman thought _ necessa
4、ry to invite Professor Smith to speak at the meeting.(05全国)A.that B.it C.this D.him,Sentence patterns:,B,find,possible,feel,important,/that,形式宾语,2.S+V+it+ones duty+(for sb.)to do sth./that,3.S+V+it+no good+doing sth.no use,形式宾语,I think it his duty to clean the blackboard.,Sentence patterns:,a rule,a
5、n honour,find possibleS+think+it+necessary+(for sb.)to do sth./that feel important,Sentence patterns:,形式宾语,a rule2.S+V+it+ones duty+(for sb.)to do sth./that an honour,3.S+V+it+no good+doing sth.no use,I like _ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright.(04全国)A.this B.that C.it D.one,点拨:这是it作
6、形式宾语的一种特殊用法.少数动词(如like,love,enjoy,dislike,hate,appreciate（欣赏、领会)等或包含介词的动词短语(如see to,depend on等)后接宾语从句,必须先由it担任形式宾语,再接从句.,I like(enjoy,hate)it whenI would appreciate it ifsee to(depend on)it that,Sentence patterns:,C,形式宾语,It is necessary to be prepared for a job interview.Having the answers ready wil
7、l be of great help.2.The Foreign Minister said,“It is our hope that the two sides will work towards peace.”3.It is known to everybody that the moon travels round the earth once every month.,形式主语,高考真题,1.It is clear(obvious，true，possible，certain.)that.该句型中it 是形式主语，真正的主语是that 引导的主语从句，常译为“清楚（显然，真的，肯定）”是
8、主语从句最常见的一种结构。It is very clear that hes round and tall like a tree.=That hes round and tall like a tree is very clear.,2.It is important(necessary，strange，natural.)that.该句型和上一个同属一个句型；由于主句中的形容词不同，that 后的从句中要用虚拟语气.It is important that we(should)learn English well.It is necessary that he(should)remember
9、 these words.3.It is said(reported,thought,believed.)that.It is said that he has come to Beijing.It is reported that another earth satellite has been put into orbit.,4.It is suggested(ordered/demanded/insisted/commanded.)that.该句型和上一个同属一个句型，主句中的过去分词是表示请求，建议，命令等词时，that后的从句要用虚拟语气（should+动词原形），should 可以
10、省；常译为“据建议；有命令）It is suggested that the meeting(should)be put off.It was ordered that we(should)arrive there in two hours.,5.It is a pity(a shame.)that.该句型中，that后的从句一般用虚拟语气（should+动词原形），should可省去表示出乎意料，常译为竟然。没有这种意义时，则不用虚拟语气。It is a pity that such a thing(should)happen in your class.It is a pity that
11、he is ill.他生病了，真遗憾！6.It is time(about time，high time)that.该句型中that 后的从句应该用虚拟语气，值得注意的是 常用过去时态表示虚拟 有时也用should+动词原形，should 不能省，常译为“是（正是）的时侯”It is time that children should go to bed.=It is time that children went to bed.,7.It is the first(second.)time that sb has/have done sthIt was the first time that
12、 sb had done sthIt is the first time I have been here.=This is the first time I have been here.8.It is.since.。该句型主要用作处理瞬间动词的完成时，又要和表示一段时间的时间状语连用的问题，主句中是时间作表语，其时态是现在时或完成时，since 引导的从句通常是一般过去时态，而且是瞬间动词。如果主句是一般过去时，从句则用过去完成时。It is(has been)5 years since his father died.,9.It is.when.。该句型中的 when 引导的是一个时间状
13、语从句，主句中的 it 指时间，表语由具体的时间充当，常译为当的时候，是 It was 5 oclock when he came here.10.It be.before.该句型主句中的 it 指时间，主句中的时态常是将来一般时或过去时两种时态主句中的表语多是long，not long，3 days，2 weeks 等表示时间段的词或短语，常译为“之后”。It was 3 days before he went to Beijing.It will be not long before he finishes his job.,11.It happens(seems，appears)that
14、.该句型中it是形式主语，that 引导的是主语从句，主句中的happen，seem等词是不及物动词。It happened(so happened)that he met his teacher in the street.碰巧.It seems that he will be back in a few days.看来 12.It takes sb.to do sth.It took thousands of people many years to build the Great Wall.,13.It is no good(use)doing sth.该句型中的真正主语是动名词短语，主
15、句中的表语可以是no good，(not any good)，no use，(not any use)。It is no good learning English without speaking English.14.It doesnt matter whether(if).该句型中whether(if)引导的从句是真正主语，该句型常译为不论（是否）没关系。It doesnt matter if they are old.,15.It is kind(of sb.)to do sth.该句型中的不定式短语是真正主语，如果不定式的逻辑主语是由 of引起，主句中的形容词必须是能表示逻辑主语特征
16、的形容词。常见的有：bad，brave，careless，clever，cruel，foolish，good（好心的），honest，horrible，kind，lazy，modest，naughty，nice（有教养的），polite，rude，silly，stupid，wise，wrong（错误的）等。这个句型可以改写为：sb.is kind to do sth.。It is kind of you to say so.=You are kind to say so.,16.It is necessary(for sb.)to do sth.该句型与上一个同属一个句型，如果不定式的逻辑主语
17、是由for引起，主句中的形容词通常是表示重要性，紧迫性，频繁程度，难易，安全等情况的形容词。常见的形容词有：important，necessary，natural easy，safe，common，normal，hard，difficult，dangerous，unusual，rare，impossible，pleasant等。在中的形容词作表语可以用从句改写，如：It is important for her to come to the party.=It is important that she(should)come to the party.,possibleIt is/was+a
18、dj.necessary+(for sb.)to do sth./clause important,ones duty It+is/was+n.ones hope+that/(for sb.)to do sth.an honour,saidIt is/was p.p.known+that-clause believed,形式主语,It is the ability to do the job_ matters not where you come from or what you are.A.one B.that C.what D.it,It is/was+被强调的部分+that/who+句子
19、其他成分,强调句型,高考真题,.it的重要句型1.It is+被强调部分+that.该句型是强调句型。将被强调的部分放在前面，其它部分置于that之后，被强调部分可以是主语，宾语，表语或状语，强调的主语如果是人，that可以由who换用。如果把这种句型结构划掉后，应该是一个完整无缺的句子；这也是判断强调句型与其它从句的方法。It was about 600 years ago that the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made.It was they that(who)cleaned the classroom yesterda
20、y.It was in the street that I met her father.,2.It is not until+被强调部分+that.该句型也是强调句型。主要用于强凋时间状语，译成汉语直到才，可以说是 not.until.的强调形式。It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star.=Not until she took off her dark glasses did I realize she was a famous film star.=I
21、didnt realize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses.,It was _ back home after the experiment.A.not until midnight did he go B.until midnight that he didnt go C.not until midnight that he went D.until midnight when he didnt go In which play is _ your brother appears?A.that wh
22、ere B.this when C.it that D.it where It was in the lab _ was taken charge of by Professor Zhang _ they did the experiment.A.where;that B.which;where C.that;where D.which;that,强调句型,被强调的部分是not until引导的时间 状语,强调句型用于疑问句,被强调的部分是特殊疑问词或从句引导词,In which play is it that?,It is that,Is it that?,I dont know in wh
23、ich play it is that,强调句型和各种从句,高考热点,在一些固定用法中考查,常见的固定用法有:make it 成功，安排在或定在某时间forget it 别提了，忘了它吧Dont mention it 别提了，表示不用谢It doesnt matter 没关系It(That)depends 视情况而定You guessed it 你猜着了Its hard to say 很难说 Its up to you to do sth.由你来决定做某事,It could be in the restaurant in_ you had dinner with me yesterday_ y
24、ou left behind your keys and wallet.,高考试题解析,the restaurant(in_ you had dinner with me yesterday),which,in the restaurant,that,The Usage of“it”,基本用法,常见用法特殊用法,三个考点,三个句型,三个句型,强调句型,形式主语,形式宾语,Summary,The Usage of“it”,基本用法,常见用法特殊用法,三个考点,三个句型,三个句型,三个替代词三个it 后接时间段的句型,易误辨析,强调句型,形式主语,形式宾语,Summary,1.(2005,全国)T
25、he doctor advised Vesa strongly that she should take a holiday,but _ didnt help.A.it B.she C.which D.he 正确答案：A。根据句意：医生的建议未起作用。it代替整个句子。2.(2004,全国)-Do you like_here?-Oh,yes.The air,the weather,the way of life.Everything is nice.A.this B.these C.that D.It 正确答案：D。根据下文，提问者不能确定被问者喜欢什么，it用于不确定指代或模糊指代。3.(2
26、000,上海)Someone is ringing the doorbell.Go and see_.A.who is he B.who he is C.who is it D.who it is 正确答案：D。说话时，不知道对方的性别。注意在宾语从句中需用陈述语序。,4.(2007,全国)Have you heard the latest news?No,what _?A.is it B.is there C.are they D.are those 正确答案：A。it指代上文提及的latest news。5.(2006,全国)If I can help _,I dont like work
27、ing late into the night.A.so B.that C.it D.them 正确答案：C。help是“阻止、避免”的意思，it指代下文的事情。6.(2002,北京)-He was nearly drowned once.-When was _?-_ was in 1998 when he was in Middle School.A.that,It B.this,This C.this,It D.that,This 正确答案：A。it指时间。7.(2005，浙江)Weve been looking at the houses but havent found _ we li
28、ke yet.A.one B.ones C.it D.them 正确答案：A。表示任意一幢房子。,8.（2005，江苏）Im moving to the countryside because the air there is much fresher than _ in the city.A.ones B.one C.that D.those 正确答案：C。分析语境和逻辑关系可以知道：该空指代the air，且有in the city后置定语修饰。9.(2004,北京)The Foreign Minister said,“_ our hope that the two sides will
29、work towards peace.A、This is B、There is C、That is D、It is 正确答案：D由句意易知：that从句是真正的主语;it为形式主语。10.(2005,上海)_in the regulations that you should not tell other people the password of your e-mail account.A.What is required B.What requires C.It is required D.It requires 正确答案：C。it为形式主语，在此结构中done为required/sug
30、gested/demanded/recommended等时，从句必须用should+动词原形，且should可以省略。,11.(2004,上海春)It was foolish of him to _ his notes during that important test,and as a result,he got punished.A.stick to B.refer to C.keep to D.point to 正确答案：B。短语辨析题，refer to有“参考”的意思，符合句意。12.(2006,全国)It is no _ arguing with Bill because he w
31、ill never change his mind.A.use B.help C.time D.way 分析：正确答案：A。为固定结构。13.(2007,天津)He didnt make _ clear when and where the meeting would be held.A.this B.that C.it D.these 正确答案：C。it为形式宾语，clear后的从句为真正的宾语。14.(2006,湖南)As the busiest woman in Norton,she made _ her duty to look after all the other peoples
32、affairs in that town.A.this B.that C.one D.it 正确答案：D。真正宾语为不定式。,15.(2005,江苏)Dont you think it necessary that he _ to Miami but to New York?I agree,but the problem is _ he has refused to.will not be sent;that B.not be sent;thatC.should not be sent;what D.should not send;what 正确答案：B。表示“理应如此”需用should动词原
33、形，should可以省略。在做it形式宾语和形式主语的复合句中如果从句表示的是“惊奇、惋惜或者理应如此”等含义时，需用should动词原形，should可以省略。16、(2004,全国)I like _ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright.A、this B、that C、it D、one 正确答案：C。love/enjoy/hate和like的用法相同，后接宾语 从句时需用it作形式宾语，宾语从句后置。,17、(2003,上海)I would appreciate it _ you call back this afternoo
34、n for the doctors appointment.A、until B、if C、when D、that正确答案：B。18.(1998，上海)Dont _ that all those who get good grades in the entrance examination will prove to be most successful.A.take as granted B.take this for granted C.take that for granted D.take it for granted 正确答案：D。take it for granted that 意为
35、：想当然的认为某事。it为形式宾语，真正的宾语为that从句。另外我们也应该注意：depend(rely)on it（相信某事）和see to it（负责某事）的用法。19.(2008,全国)It was in New Zealand _ Elizabeth first met Mr.Smith.A.that B.how C.which D.when 正确答案：A。将it was去掉句子结构完整，易知是考查it的强调句型。,20.(2004,福建)It was with great joy _ he received the news that his lost daughter had be
36、en found.A.because B.which C.since D.that正确答案：D。21.(1997,全国)Was it _ that I saw last night at the concert?A.you B.not you C.yourself D.that yourself 正确答案：A。强调句型的一般疑问式的基本结构为：Is/Was it+被强调部分+that将该句恢复为陈述语序，去掉It is/wasthat结构，易判断是强调you的强调句型。22.Is _student _was caught smoking in the classroom?A.it that,t
37、hat B.that it,it C.it it,that D.it which,that 正确答案：A。,23.(2004,上海)Why!I have nothing to confess._ you want me to say?A.What is it that B.What it is that C.How is it that D.How it is that 正确答案：A。强调句型的特殊疑问式的基本结构为：wh-+is/was it that+其它成分，故选B。24.(2005,山东)-_ that he managed to get the information?-Oh,a f
38、riend of his helped him.A.Where was it B.What was it C.How was it D.Why was it 正确答案：C。,25.(2007,浙江)It _ we had stayed together for a couple of weeks _ I found we had a lot in common.A.was;when B.was that;that C.wasnt until;when D.wasnt until;that 正确答案：D。易判断这是考查not until的强调形式。26.(2008，重庆)It was not u
39、ntil midnight _ they reached the camp site.A.that B.when C.while D.as 正确答案：A。27.(2007,山东)Where did you get to know her?It was on the farm _we worked.A.that B.there C.which D.where正确答案：D。答句完整形式应为：It was on the farm where we worked that I got to know her.,28.-Who made such a stupid mistake?-_Tom.A.It
40、was B.He was C.That was D.There was 正确答案：A。答句完整形式应为：It was Tom who made such a stupid mistake.29.It was the university _ he was teaching _ sent him to America.A.which;that B.where;that C.that;which D.that;had 正确答案：B。本题是考查：it was+university+引导的定语从句+that。30.(2007,陕西)It is not who is right but what is
41、right _ is of importance.A.which B.it C.that D.this正确答案：C。本题是考查强调句型和名词性从句连用。,31.(2006,辽宁)It was after he got what he had desired _ he realized it was not so important.A.that B.when C.since D.as 正确答案：A。本题是考查强调句型和状语从句连用。32.It might have been Tom _ bought John a new pen yesterday.A.what B.since C.that
42、D.then正确答案：C。去掉It might have beenthat句子仍然是完整的，所以选C。33、(2008,北京)Im sorry youve been waiting so long,but itll still be some time _ Brian gets back.A.before B.since C.till D.after正确答案：A。It be+时间+before 表示过了一段时间才34.(2006,福建)How long do you think it will be _ China sends a manned spaceship to the moon?-P
43、erhaps two or three years.A.when B.until C.that D.before 正确答案：D,35、(2005,安徽)That was really a splendid evening.Its years _ I enjoyed myself so much.A.when B.that C.before D.since 正确答案：D。36、(2006,四川)Its thirty years since we last met.-But I still remember the story,believe it or not,_ we got lost on
44、a rainy night.A.which B.that C.what D.when 正确答案：B。易判断本题是考查同位语从句。37.(2006,重庆)Isnt it time you got down to _ the papers?A.mark B.be marked C.being marked D.marking正确答案：D。got down to是“开始从事”的意思，to不是不定式符号，而是介词后跟名词或者-ing形式。,38.(2005,安徽)-Shall we go to the art exhibition right away?-_.A.Its your opinion B.
45、I dont mindC.It all up to you D.Thats your decision 39、(2006,湖北)You know who came yesterday?-Yao Ming?We had a basketball match.-_ He came and watched the game.A.You guessed it!B.How did you know that?C.Well done!D.That was good news!正确答案：A。由具体语境易做出正确选择。40.(2008,天津)How much do I own you for lunch?-_.Its nothing.A.Youre welcome B.Forget it C.With pleasure D.Thats all right 正确答案：B。,
