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1、短文改错,优能一对一 卜令刚,2014-2010年全国卷短文改错考点分析,改错格式,下面短文中有10处语言错误。请在有错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(),并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改:在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:1.每句不超过两个错误;2.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;3.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。,直击考点,词类,句类,非谓语动词,固定搭配,考点一：动词考查方式:(1)作宾语或状语用的动词不定式缺to。(2)不及物动词的间接宾语缺少介词。(3)及物动词与直接宾语间有多余的介词。(4)
2、某些及物动词,因词义混淆,用了多余的介词或副词。(5)某些及物动词的固定词组中,直接宾语前用了多余的不定冠词。(6)动词时态和语态错用。(7)非谓语动词混用。(8)主谓不一致。,2007年海南 Li Ming came see me every day.,2010全国二From then on,weve kept touch with another through e-mails.,arrive,come,craw,die,dive,walk,go,run,come,fall,flow,happen,rise,agree,常见不及物动词,2008海南wed like to invite fo
3、r you to the exhibition.,动词的及物性,2012全国一To begin with,all of us can start reducing to the use of oil by driving only when we have a real need.,解析：reduce为及物动词，故不需要加介词“to”,常见不及物动词：agree,go,work,listen,look,come,die,belong,fall,exist,rise,arrive,sit,sail,hurry,fail,succeed.,时态错用,2011全国一I hold my lunch-b
4、ox in my hand when I was going to school.2007年海南Then I invited Li Ming over in my place.We listen to my CDs together and soon become best friends.,解析：根据时间状语从句可知主句动词应使用一般过去时，故hold改为held,解析：根据上一句动词推测出listen和become都应该为一般过去时。,2014全国一Since then-we had been allowing tomatoes to self seed where they please
5、.,解析：since是完成时标志词，根据since then自从那以后 可知，谓语动词应使用现在完成时或现在完成进行时，因此应把“had”改成“have”,非谓语动词错用,2013海南Have tea in the late afternoon provides a bridge between lunch and dinner,2012全国二Third,we should find ways to reuse the water using in washing,主谓不一致,2011年海南卷but the only clothes I had was those I had on.2009年
6、全国二When I got back,it were already 6 pm.,考点二：名词,考查方式:(1)本该用复数名词却用了单数形式,或本该用单数名词却使用了复数形式。(2)不可数名词前加了冠词a/an,或用了复数形式。,名词复数,2012全国二that he begged my parents to stay another couple of day.2011全国一One of my unforgettable memory of my school in Xinjiang is that of lunches we brought from our homes.,最常见不可数名词
7、：advice,baggage,change(零钱),furniture,hair,homework,information,knowledge,luggage,money,news,progress,traffic,名词所有格,2007海南I first met Li Ming at a friend birthday party five years ago.,考点三：冠词,考查方式:(1)单数可数名词前要加冠词。(2)不定冠词与定冠词的区别。(3)固定短语中冠词的使用错误。（4）复数可数名词前加不定冠词,2010年海南My friend Nick told me story about
8、his experience back in the US，2012陕西It is such great hotel that I will recommend it to any friend of mine who is going to Beijing.,2012全国二To deal with a problem,I think,we should first go all out to plant trees2011辽宁When,however,on Monday,January 16,a science fiction film about visitors from outer s
9、pace was shown on television,there was the immediate increase in reports of sightings from all parts of the States.,2010全国二In other words,we would be separated for long time.,考点四 代词 考查方式:(1)人称代词,物主代词,反身代词指代时是否一致。(2)it作形式主语、形式宾语或指代时有无缺漏。,【典例】1.(2012新课标全国卷)I was happy when the toys worked,but when thi
10、ngs went wrong,I got angry and broke it.【点拨】,2.(2012陕西高考)It is such a great hotel that I will recommend it to any friend of me who is going to Beijing.【点拨】,【跟踪演练】1.(2010陕西高考)As she did this,lots of tea splashed on his T-shirt.【解析】hisher。当她做这件事时,许多茶水溅在了她的T恤上。这里表示的是一位女士,因此应该把his改为her。2.(2010四川高考)And a
11、fter many attempts,she passed her driving test and told her husband that,to celebrate,he was going to drive him over to France for a holiday.【解析】heshe。句子的意思是妻子开车带着丈夫去法国度假,所以应该用女士的she。,考点五 形容词和副词1.考查方式:(1)形容词和副词的误用。(2)本该用形容词却用名词作表语。(3)单音节形容词比较级前用多余的more。例如:more longer。(4)形容词和副词最高级误用。2.突破技巧:(1)修饰名词要用形
12、容词。(2)修饰动词、副词、形容词或整个句子用副词。(3)结合语境注意比较级和最高级的使用。,【典例】(2012陕西高考)We lived in a comfortably double-room with a big bath.【点拨】,【跟踪演练】1.(2012新课标全国卷)I learned early in life that I had to be more patient and little aggressive.【解析】littleless。根据句意,我不得不多一些耐心,少一些好斗,可知这里用less,与more对比。2.(2012浙江高考)Unfortunate,I had
13、an accident and hit another car.【解析】UnfortunateUnfortunately。这里应该用副词修饰整个句子,作整个句子的状语,因此改为副词。,考点六 介词和介词短语考查方式:(1)介词的含义很多,可表示时间、地点、方向、方位、状态、方式、方法、手段等。短文改错时应根据句子意义或上下文检查介词是否用得准确。(2)介词在句中不能单独作谓语。(3)不该用介词时用了介词,如next year常写成in next year。(4)介词与动词组成的词组要多加注意。,【典例】1.(2012新课标全国卷)Thats it.No more toys to you.【点拨
14、】,2.(2012陕西高考)I also shared for my friends many photos taken in Beijing.【点拨】,【跟踪演练】1.(2011陕西高考)I was really disappointed and about to leave when he walked out a building.【解析】在out后面加of。walk out of从中出来,是一个固定词组。2.(2011新课标全国卷)Luckily I had all my money on my pocket.【解析】onin。我把所有的钱都放在了口袋里。in表示在里面,而on在表面上
15、。,考点七 连词1.考查方式:(1)并列句缺并列连词。(2)名词性从句作主语缺连词,或者误用其他连词。(3)关系代词、关系副词及从属连词在复合句中的使用是否正确。(4)and,or,but,so,however,therefore等词的运用是否正确。,2.突破技巧:短文改错对连词的考查仅限于上下文之间语意的连贯方面。所以在做这类题目时,重要的是要读懂上下文,搞清楚上下句之间的关系。掌握句式结构,把握准语意关系是做好此类试题的关键,如并列逻辑关系常见的词有and,both.and.,not only.but also.,as well as等;转折逻辑关系常见的词有however,but;递进逻
16、辑关系常见的词有whats more,moreover,besides等。,【典例】1.(2012新课标全国卷)But before long they began to see which was happening.【点拨】,2.(2012浙江高考)I called my parents,so I did not tell them what had happened.【点拨】,【跟踪演练】1.(2010浙江高考)After we left,I said,“That was very nice of you,Mother.So I didnt think she looked like G
17、randma.”“Neither did I,”said Mother cheerfully.【解析】SoBut。根据前后的句意,可知这里表示一种转折关系,所以应该将So改为But。,2.(2011陕西高考)I didnt have my camera with me at that time,but I rushed back home to get it.【解析】butand/so。那个时候我没有带着照相机,所以我跑回家去拿了。这里是一个递进关系或者因果关系,因此but改为and/so。,1 下面短文中有10处语言错误。请在有错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号
18、(),并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改:在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:1.每句不超过两个错误;2.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;3.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。,I bring Rose home five years ago.My neighbor Mrs.Black fell in love with her immediate she saw her.She was such lovely dog,after all.Rose also seemed to like Mrs.Black.Two years ago,how
19、ever,Mrs.Black got cancer.Having been treating in hospital,she decided to receive treatment at home.Since my husband and I were busy in our work,we seldom went to see her.Three months ago,Mrs.Black died.To our surprised,her husband came to thank to us for keeping Rose,one day.He said in the past sev
20、eral months,Rose went to accompany his wife every day before my husband and I went to work.With she around,his wife felt so warm and wasnt in so much pain.I never knew that.That Rose did was really heart-warming.,答案:I bring Rose home five years ago.My neighbor Mrs.broughtBlack fell in love with her
21、immediate she saw her.She was immediatelysuch lovely dog,after all.Rose also seemed to like Mrs.a Black.Two years ago,however,Mrs.Black got cancer.Having been treating in hospital,she decided to receive treated,treatment at home.Since my husband and I were busy in withour work,we seldom went to see
22、her.Three months ago,Mrs.Black died.To our surprised surprise,her husband came to thank to us for keeping Rose one day.He said in the past several months,Rose went to accompany his wife every day before my husband and I went to work.With aftershe around,his wife felt so warm and wasnt in so much pai
23、n.her I never knew that.That Rose did was really heart-warming.What,1.【解析】将第一句中的bring改为brought。ago表示过去时。2.【解析】将第二句中的immediate改为immediately。immediately表示“一就”。3.【解析】在第三句中的such后面加上a。后面dog是可数名词。4.【解析】将第六句中的treating改为treated。she与treat之间是被动关系。,5.【解析】将第七句中的in改为with。be busy with固定词组,“忙于”的意思。6.【解析】将第九句中的surp
24、rised改为surprise。to ones+抽象名词,表示“使某人感到的是”。7.【解析】将第九句中的thank后面的to去掉。thank是及物动词。8.【解析】将第十句中的before改为after。意思是“在之后”。9.【解析】把第十一句中的she改为her。with的复合结构。10.【解析】把第十三句中的That改为What。what引导主语从句,并在从句中作did的宾语。,2(2013南充模拟)下面短文中有10处语言错误。请在有错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(),并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改:在错的词下画一横线,并在
25、该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:1.每句不超过两个错误;2.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;3.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。,What Does a Credit Card Bring Us is written by Eillton Henley.Its a brief or excellent article about credit cards.The author explains what credit cards work.And he also points out the positive and negative aspect for having it.Amer
26、ican consumers are mostly likely to use credit cards.However,the use of credit cards are expanding into almost every country in world.The key point making by the author is that users should pay for the amount in full when a bill is sent from the credit card company.This protected all the advantages
27、and avoids all the disadvantages of using credit cards.,答案:What Does a Credit Card Bring Us is written by Eillton Henley.Its a brief or excellent article about credit cards.The and/but author explains what credit cards work.And he also points how out the positive and negative aspect for having it.Am
28、erican aspects them consumers are mostly likely to use credit cards.However,the most,use of credit cards are expanding into almost every country in is world.The key point makeing by the author is that usersthe made should pay for the amount in full when a bill is sent from the credit card company.Th
29、is protected all the advantages and protects avoids all the disadvantages of using credit cards.,1.【解析】将第二句中的or改为and或者but。此处表示并列关系或者转折关系。2.【解析】将第三句中的what改为how。强调方式状语。3.【解析】将第四句中的aspect改为aspects。前面有积极和消极两个方面。4.【解析】将第四句中的it改为them。指代前面的credit cards用复数代词。5.【解析】将第五句中的mostly改为most。most likely固定词组,很可能。,6.【解析】将第六句中的are改为is。主语是use,谓语用单数形式。7.【解析】在第六句中的in后面加上the。in the world在世界上。8.【解析】将第七句中的making改为made。point与make之间是被动关系,故用过去分词短语作后置定语。9.【解析】将第七句中的for去掉。pay后面amount作宾语。10.【解析】将第八句中的protected改为protects。全文是一般现在时,且此处and连接并列谓语动词,时态应一致。,谢谢,
