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1、2014年12月四六级翻译预测练习：假日经济 2013年的翻译，我给学生准备的材料中，直接命中了丝绸之路、茶文化、和四大发明三篇；2014年6月的翻译，我准备的材料中再次命中核能的翻译话题；2014年12月，考过了文化、教育、能源、雾霾、大妈之后，经济类的翻译该准备一下了。假日经济：假日经济的现象表明：中国消费者的消费观正在发生巨大变化。根据统计数据，中国消费者的消费需求正在从基本生活必需品转向对休闲、舒适和个人发展的需求。同时，中国人的消费观在蓬勃发展的假日经济中正变得成熟。因此产品结构应做相应调整，来适应社会的发展。另一方面，服务质量要改善，以满足人们提高生活质量的要求。(149词)逐句翻
2、译答案：假日经济的现象表明：中国消费者的消费观正在发生巨大变化。The phenomenon of holiday economy shows that Chinese peoplesconsumption concept is undertaking great changes.根据统计数据，中国消费者的消费需求正在从基本生活必需品转向对休闲、舒适和个人发展的需求。According to statistics, the demands of Chinese consumers areshifting from the basic necessities of life to leisure
3、, comfort and personaldevelopment.同时，中国人的消费观在蓬勃发展的假日经济中正变得成熟。Meanwhile, with the prosperity of holiday economy, the Chinesepeoples concept of consumption becomes mature.因此产品结构应做相应调整，来适应社会的发展。Therefore, the structure of products should be adjusted accordinglyto adapt to social development.另一方面，服务质量要改
4、善，以满足人们提高生活质量的要求。On the other hand, services should be improved to satisfy peoplesdemand for an improved quality of life.2014年12月英语四级翻译7大基本技巧目前阶段，大学英语四级翻译引起了越来越多的学生关注，那么在考前如何快速的突破四级翻译呢?老师总结了翻译的七大技巧，希望能在四六级考试最后的冲刺阶段，助考生一臂之力。下面我们具体分析汉译英的七大基本技巧：一、增词在段落翻译时，为了能充分的表达原文含义，以求达意，翻译时有必要增加词语来使英文的表达更加顺畅。例如：虚心使人
5、进步，骄傲使人落后。译文为： Modesty helps one to go forward, whereas conceit makes one lag behind.其中间加上了增连词whereas，以使英语的句子表达更加有逻辑性。二、减词考生要明白，英语的表达倾向简洁，汉语比较喜欢重复，重复作为汉语的一种修辞手法，在某种场合下，重复的表达一个意思，是为了强调，加强语气。汉语中为了有更强的节奏感和押韵，也经常会出现排比句。考生在翻译这些句子时，为了符合英文表达的逻辑，就要有所删减或省略。例如：这是革命的春天，这是人民的春天，这是科学的春天!让我们张开双臂，热烈拥抱这个春天吧!译文为：Let
6、 us stretch out our arms to embrace the spring, which is one of the revolution, of the people, and of science.以上的汉语是比较重复的排比句，汉译英时考生要遵守英语的逻辑表达，加上定语从句来翻译，这样英文句子读起来也朗朗上口。三、词类转换英语语言的一个很重要的特点，就是词类变形和词性转换，尤其是名词、动词、形容词之间的转换。例如：她的书给我们的印象很深。译文为：Her book impressed us deeply.在此翻译中汉语中的名词印象转化成英语中的动词impress。(1)蒙古
7、族牧民(herdsmen)的生活方式很有特色。牧民们喜欢吃牛羊肉和奶制品 (dairyproduct)，喜欢喝红茶和砖茶(bricktea)。他们大多住在圆形的蒙古包(ger) 里。蒙古包顶上开有天窗，用来通风(ventilation)和采光。蒙古族是一个能骑善射、能歌善舞的民族。每年七、八月举行的“那达慕”大会(Nadama Fair)，是蒙古族人民一年一度的盛大节日，大会上有赛马、摔跤、射箭(archery)比赛和精彩的歌舞表演。参考答案：The Mongolian herdsmens life style hasdistinguishing features. The herdsmen
8、like eating redmeat and dairy products，and drinking black tea andbrick tea. Most of them live in circular gers withwindows on the top, used for ventilation andlighting. The Mongolians are a group talented in riding and shooting，and singing and dancing.The Nadama Fair, which is held in July and Augus
9、t every year，is the Mongolian peoples annualgrand festival.There would be horse racing，wrestling，archery race and excellent musical anddance performances on the festival.(2)2014年12月英语四级新题型翻译冲刺练习(2)景泰蓝(Jingtailan)艺术是雕刻、绘画和塑瓷(porcelainmaking)的独特融合。据说景泰蓝于元朝时诞生于北京，现存最古老的景泰蓝就造于元朝。但是景泰蓝在明朝时经历了巨大的变革。那时，人们认
10、为景泰蓝最为复杂。然而，由于熔铜技术 (copper-melting techniques)的伟大发明，景泰蓝于清朝时达到顶峰。用景泰蓝能够制成大件物品，如花瓶、其他器皿和装饰品，也能制成小物品，如耳环、手镯或筷子。新中国成立以来，涌现出了很多新品种的景泰蓝，在国内外享有很高的声誉。参考答案：The art of Jingtailan is a unique combination of sculpture, painting and porcelain making.It is said to have originated in Beijing during the Yuan Dynast
11、y. The oldest extant piece was made during the Yuan Dynasty, but Jingtailan had a major change during the Ming Dynasty.At that time, Jingtailan was considered to be the most complicated. However, it reachcd its peak during the Qing Dynasty because of great innovations in copper-melting techniques.Ji
12、ngtailan can be made into large objects such as vases and other large utensils and decorative items, as well as small items like earrings, bracelets or chopsticks.Since new China was founded, quite a number of new varieties have been created.It enjoys a high reputation both at home and abroad.2014年1
13、2月英语四级新题型翻译冲刺练习(3)茶文化是中国传统文化的重要组成部分，有着悠久的历史。一代代的种植者和生产者使中国制茶工艺变得日臻完善。茶和中国文化有着极其紧密的联系。茶研究涉及的范围很广，有着丰富的内容。中国茶可以分为五类。每一种都有不同于其他种类的味道和外观。绿茶是办公室职员的最佳选择，它有助于防止电脑辐射(computer radiation)，补充人体水分(moisture content)。参考答案：With a long history, tea culture is an important partof Chinese traditional culture. Generat
14、ions ofgrowers and producers have perfected the Chineseway of manufacturing tea. Tea has an extremelyclose relationship with Chinese culture. The study oftea covers a wide field and has a very rich content. Chinese tea can be classified into fivecategories. Each kind is different from others in flav
15、or and appearance. Green tea is the bestoption for office workers since it can help prevent computer radiation and supplementmoisture content of the human body.宴会通常在饭店的包间(private rooms)举行，要么是晚宴，要么是午宴。主宾 (the guest of honor)通常第一个进入房间。在正式的晚宴上，主陪(the main host)和主宾对面坐，主陪背对着门，主宾面对着门。客人应该等着被引导到他们的位置上，直到主宾
16、和主陪都坐下之后，客人才可以坐下。宴会的主菜通常包括凉菜和热炒，通常还有象征富足蕴意的整条鱼，还有汤。上水果则标志着饭局的结束。参考答案：Banquets are usually held in restaurants in privaterooms，either for dinner or lunch. The guest ofhonor typically enters the room first. At a formaldinner the main host and guest are seated facingeach other，the host with his back to
17、 the door andthe guest facing the door. Guests should wait to be guided to their places and should not situntil the main host and guest have done so. Banquets usually have main course which includescold dishes, hot stir fries, often with a whole cooked fish which symbolizes abundance, andsoup. Servi
18、ng fruit signals the end of the meal.中国通过了第一部物权法，下令对北京的几百座四合院进行保护。然而，批评家们指出，所谓“保存”常常只是拆掉老房子，然后依照传统样式盖一座新的来代替。马岩松曾经说过：“现在的做法就是在假造古董，这不好。胡同吸引了很多旅游者，但这里贫困的老住户要么就像主题公园里的演员，要么就被踢出去，以便富人们可以购买这些房子。老北京的精神正在消亡。”重点词汇：物权法 property law四合院 courtyard拆掉 knock down代替 replace假古董 fake antique胡同 hutong主题公园 theme park踢
19、出去 kick out消亡 die away参考答案：China has passed the first property law, ordering to protect Beijings hundreds of courtyards. But critics say, so-called “conservation” just means knocking down an old building and replacing it with a structure in a traditional style. For this,Ma Yansongs opinion is “The w
20、ay is just to build fake antiques, it is not nice. These hutongs attract many tourists. The poor,old residents are either like actors in a theme park or they are kicked out so that the rich can buy these houses. The spirits of oldBeijing are now dying away.”中文热词通常反映社会变化和文化，有些在外国媒体上愈来愈流行。例如，土豪和大妈都是老词
21、，但已获取了新的意义。土豪以前指欺压佃户和仆人的乡村地主，现在用于指花钱如流水或喜欢炫耀财富的人， 也就是说，土豪有钱，但是没有品位。大妈是对中年妇女的称呼，但是现在特指不久前金价大跌时大量购买黄金的中国妇女。土豪和大妈可能会被收入新版的牛津(OXford)英语词典，至今约有120中文加进了牛津英语词典，成了英语语言的一部分。重点词汇：通常usually反应reflect媒体media愈来愈increasingly获取acquire指的是 refer to炫耀 show off没有品位have no taste收入include into加进add to成.的一部分becoming a par
22、t of.参考答案：The Chinese hot words usually reflect the social and cultural change, some of them are increasingly popular with the foreign media. For instance, although the Tuhao and Dama are old words, they have acquired new meaning.Tuhao (local tyrants) referred to the village landlords who oppressed
23、the peasants and servants in the old days, but now it is used to refer to the rich who spends money like water or likes to show off. That is to say, the local tyrants have wealth but no taste. Dama (aunt) is a calling to middle-aged women, but now it especially refers to the Chinese women who buy la
24、rge amount of gold when gold tumbled recently.These two words are likely to be include in the new OXford English Dictionary. Until now, about 120 Chinese word have added in the OXford English Dictionary, becoming a part of the English language.中国贸易对于世界上很多国家来说，中国正迅速成为他们最重要的双边 (bilateral)贸易伙伴。然而，中国和世界
25、其他国家之间贸易不平衡的 问题已经引发了关注。尤其是美国对中国的贸易赤字是最大的，达 到了 3150亿美元，这个数字是十年前的三倍还多。贸易纠纷(trade dispute)也越来越多，主要是关于倾销(dumping)、知识产权和人民 币的估价。【参考译文】For many countries around the world, China is rapidly becoming their most important bilateral trade partner. However，there have been concerns over large trade imbalances b
26、etween China and the rest of the world. The US in particular has the largest trade deficit in the world with China at $315 billion, more than three times what it was a decade ago. There have also been a growing number of trade disputes brought against, mainly for dumping, intellectual property and the valuation of the yuan.
