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1、本科毕业论文 中文题目：英语口语教学发展的建议中国现状之分析外文题目: Advice on Development of Oral English Pedagogies: An Analysis on the Current Situation of China 修读院系 英语学院 修读专业 英语(语言文学) 年 级 2011级 学 号 2011030801123 学生姓名 指导教师 赵平静 结稿日期 2014年6月20日 四川外国语大学辅修与双学位办公室制英语口语教学发展的建议中国现状之分析摘要: 随着全球一体化经济的发展，中国与世界的联系越来越紧密。在这个新的时代，英语已经成为一门国际性语
2、言，社会因此迫切需要能说得一口流利英语的国际型人才。当代大学生尽管在英语考试中都能取得良好的成绩，但由于受多种因素的影响，口语方面并不尽如人意 ，“哑吧英语”在大学生中已经成为普遍现象。英语教学一直是高校教学的重点，然而，传统教学方法并没有提供多少给学生练习口语的机会。大学英语教学的最终目标是使学生能够流利的利用英语进行交流，并将其运用于学习、生活、贸易等多种领域。随着世界向地球村的转化，口语教学受到越来越多的关注，如何开展和改善口语教学如今已成为大学英语老师肩负的重要任务。 本文从大学生口语能力的现状出发，分析了阻碍学生口语流利性的原因，探讨学生练习口语的可行性策略。同时，为了改善当今英语教
3、学的现状,本文就口语教学方面提出了适当的建议及介绍了一些现代教学方法。关键词：口语；障碍；策略Advice on Development of Oral English Pedagogies: An Analysis on the Current Situation of China AbstractWith the gradual globalization of economy，the relation between China and the world has become closer and closer. In this new era, English has been th
4、e international language, thus leaving the urgent need to speak fluent English for the international talents. Contemporary college students, influenced by many factors, find their oral English is not satisfactory though they do get high scores in English exams, and “dumb English” has become a common
5、 phenomenon among college students.English teaching has always been a key of college education. However, traditional teaching methods have some restraints on providing students with opportunities to practice their oral English. The ultimate goal of college English teaching is to cultivate students c
6、ommunicative competence, which will be employed in various stages of study, life and business. With the transformation of the world into a global village, oral English teaching has received more and more attention, how to develop and improve oral English teaching is a major mission for college Engli
7、sh teachers.This thesis, based on the current situation of college students oral English, analyzes the factors that hamper the accuracy and fluency of college students oral English, and explores some feasible strategies for students to practice their oral English. At the same time, in order to impro
8、ve the situation of current English teaching, the thesis also puts forward some proposals on oral English teaching and attempts to introduce some modern teaching methods. Key words: oral English; obstacles; strategiesAcknowledgmentsI would like to express my gratitude to all those who helped me duri
9、ng the writing of this thesis.My deepest gratitude goes first and foremost to Mr. Zhao Pingjing, my supervisor, for his constant encouragement and guidance. He has offered me valuable suggestions in the academic studies. In the preparation of the thesis, he has spent much time reading through each d
10、raft and provided me with inspiring advice. Without his patient instruction and insightful criticism, the completion of this thesis would not have been possible.I am also greatly indebted to the professors and teachers in the School of SISU, from whose devoted teaching and enlightening lectures I ha
11、ve benefited a lot and academically prepared for the thesis.Last my thanks would go to my beloved family for their consistent encouragement and great confidence in me all through these years. I also owe my sincere gratitude to my friends and my fellow classmates who gave me their help and time in li
12、stening to me and helping me work out my problems during the difficult course of the thesis.Contents中文摘要i Abstract.iiAcknowledgements.iiiIntroduction.1I. The Status Quo of College Students Oral English.2II. Factors Hampering the Improvement of Students Oral English.2A. The Discrepancy of Students Mo
13、tivations in Learning English .2B. Psychological Factors.3C. Lacking English-speaking Environment.3D. The Restraints of Oral English Teaching in College.4III. Advice on Practicing Oral English.4A. To Train Pronunciation and Intonation.4B. To Interpret English-Chinese materials.5C. To Increase the La
14、nguage Input5D. To Enrich Cultural Awareness.6. The Role of Oral English Teaching in the Process of College Students Oral English Practicing.7A. Proposals for Improving Students Oral English in Oral English Teaching.7B. Introduction of Some Modern Teaching Methods for Oral English.9Conclusion.11Note
15、s.13Bibliography.14IntroductionAs an international language, English plays a significant role in the international communication, and it is an important tool for communication in this new century which is filled with opportunities and challenges. Nowadays, speaking fluent English has been the basic
16、quality of modern people with the constant development of market economy and the increasingly communication with the world. It is particularly true that oral English makes great contribution to Chinas economic development, foreign exchange and business cooperation as well as cultural interaction.The
17、 ultimate goal of English study of college students is to cultivate their communicative competence. In this paper, I will expose the serious gap between the reality of college students ability to speak English and the ideal. This is a vital aspect of developing speaking skills, and to a large extent
18、, academic and job-related success will be affected by students ability to communicate orally and exchange information accurately and effectively. I will investigate the main problems in the teaching and learning of oral English at college and explore what teachers can do to improve oral English tea
19、ching and what students can do to improve their oral English.错误！未找到引用源。. The Status Quo of College Students Oral EnglishI made a survey on 120 students at all grades in my university in March, 2012. The result of the survey indicates that the majority of students writing is better than their spoken
20、English. When students are asked to answer an open-ended question in English, they will find that they have nothing to say and sometimes they can only speak several words related to the given topic, and there may be many mistakes in their utterances. They just cannot express themselves freely in Eng
21、lish. It is said that most students never speak English at home and English teachers seldom provide them with opportunities to speak English in class. The Chinese scholar, Wang Life remarked that it should be satisfactory that students speaking ability could catch up with the level of English or Ame
22、rican children of 5 years old.1 Many studies done by some scholars also demonstrate that college students with excellent oral English are in a minority, the average level of college students oral English ability is very low. It is true that the oral English ability of college students is not optimis
23、tic.II. Factors Hampering the Improvement of Students Oral EnglishA. The Discrepancy of Students Motivations in Learning EnglishGenerally speaking, there are two types of motivation for oral English study: instrumental and integrative motivation. Instrumental motivation means that language learners
24、desire to use the language as a tool to achieve some desirable ends, while, integrative motivation means that language learners learning one language just because they are interested in the people and culture illustrated by the target language2. According to Norris Holt both motivations have proved
25、important to language learning. Some students have a weak instrumental motivation for studying spoken English. Others have a strong instrumental motivation.3 B. Psychological FactorsDifferent psychological conditions contribute to the difference of students oral English. Self-distrust and anxiety ar
26、e great obstacles in students oral English practice. Some surveys indicate that anxiety easily exist in the verbal communication of foreign language learners and exert a negative effect on their improvement of oral English. Students are likely to suffer from inferiority complex owing to anxiety and
27、tension. With a fear for making mistakes and being laughed at by others, anxiety and tension to some degree restrain students passion of open up their mouth to speak English. C. Lacking English-speaking Environment It is generally accepted that language environment plays an important role in languag
28、e learning4. Educational psychology holds that environment is of vital significance in some aspects such as recognition, perception. English children do not have a large vocabulary, nor do they have a good command of grammar, but their oral English is much better than college students. In fact, the
29、reason for this phenomenon is quite simple. English children live in an English environment where people around them communicating in English, therefore, various concepts of culture and custom are available for them and whats more, early childhood is the best period for people to learn a language. C
30、hinese students, by contrast, lack a suitable environment to speak English. Hence it is hard to speak as well as native speakers.D. The Restraints of Oral English Teaching in CollegeThe purpose of spoken English teaching is to help students to get a practical command of the basic skill of language-s
31、peaking, and with the assistant of the skill, students can express their ideas and thoughts in English accurately and fluently. Traditional teaching method of oral English is a “teacher-centered” mode5, which requires teachers to take up the leading role and students seldom have opportunities to tal
32、k. Lack of interactive learning may make the atmosphere of classroom boring. Teachers merely apply cramming method while enlightening teaching method is more desirable. Students just listen to their teachers obediently and thus lack a solid foundation of good oral English ability. As a result, there
33、 is no chance for students to practice their oral English and most of them still cannot speak fluent English. Therefore, both teachers and students find the effects of teaching unsatisfactory. III. Advice on Practicing Oral EnglishA. To Train Pronunciation and IntonationAs a famous linguist Professo
34、r Firth declared “Without phonetics there can be no morphology of a spoken language, without intonation no syntax.”6 It is quite clear that pronunciation is the critical factor for students to improve their oral English. Having a thorough grasp of Phonetic Knowledge will surly benefit students and c
35、ontribute to better oral English. Students are supposed to possess some skills of pronunciation, pay attention to the intonation and stress of words and sentences, as well as distinguish clearly the change of tone such as assimilation, continuation, elision and so on. In order to solve the problems
36、of pronunciation and intonation, some suitable training is of necessity.B. To Interpret English-Chinese MaterialsInterpreting is a very effective way of practicing oral English. Since the majority of students perform better in reading rather than speaking, it is advisable to choose some materials th
37、at are below their reading comprehension level. Students can interpret the Chinese part of the materials quickly without looking its English translation. Interpreting speed is the key point in this course, interpreting should be made as quickly as possible in order to train the response speed of stu
38、dents when translating one language into another. The accumulated experiences in practices will witness their increasingly prompt response of interpreting. Students can know more about the difference of the sentence structures between English and Chinese and improve their oral English accordingly.C.
39、 To Increase the Language InputStephen D. Krashen once put forward the “Input Hypothesis”, which demonstrates the function and importance of language input and the inner relationship between language input and language learning. He held that language input was the most effective way of language lear
40、ning and the language acquisition was gained by receiving a large quantity of comprehensible input. There are two essential ways to increase the language input. 71. To Increase the Language Input through RecitationThe theory of the second language acquisition suggests that recitation-input methods a
41、re of great help to improve students oral English.8 First and foremost, in the process of recitation, students can gradually accumulate words, phrases, sentence patterns and some useful expressions which appear in the study materials and use them in oral English so that they can speak fluent English
42、. Whats more, recitation is also helpful to overcome some shortcomings in the communicative teaching and it can help students learn the language from listening and reading and improve the accuracy and fluency in their speaking. 2. To Increase the Language Input through Imitation Imitation is an impo
43、rtant step to practice oral English, which requires students to imitate as loudly and clearly as possible and the shape of mouth should also be paid attention to.9 To get a good pronunciation, imitation is the best way. Listen carefully to radio, tapes, TV programs, discs, and whatever oral English
44、materials available, and imitate sentence by sentence, follow the pronunciation and intonation in the materials strictly. In the process of imitation, students are encouraged to talk loudly and feel at ease to make mistakes; too much attention to accuracy easily hinders the fluency of the language.
45、Maybe students are not accustomed to the pronunciation and intonation of native English speakers when imitating, but if they make great efforts to practice, they can make a considerable progress at the end.D. To Enrich Cultural Awareness The most important function of language is communication. For
46、the purpose of effective communicating with others without any barriers, students should enrich their cultural awareness10. Though some students can communicate with their partners fluently and sometimes give wonderful performances in class, they still make some serious mistakes in constructing their speech owe to their thinking mode and cultural differences.1. Widening English Daily Words Students should enlarge their English vocabula
