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1、2012年职称英语综合类新增文章篇目 第一篇 A Life with BirdsFor nearly 17 years David Cope has worked as one of the Tower of Londons yeoman warders, _ 1better _ known to tourists as beefeaters. David, 64, lives in a three-bedroomed flat right at the _2 top _ of the Byward Tower, one of the gatehouses. _3 From _ our bed
2、room we have a marvellous view of Tower Bridge and the Thames, says David. The Tower of London is famous _4 for _ its ravens, the large black birds which have lived there for over three centuries. David was immediately fascinated by the birds and when he was _5 offered _ the post of Raven Master eig
3、ht years ago he had no _6. hesitation _ in accepting it. The birds have now become my life and Im always _7 aware _ of the fact that I am _8 maintaining _ a tradition. The legend says that if the ravens leave the Tower, England will fall to enemies, and its my job to _9 make _ sure this doesnt happe
4、n! David_10 devotes _about four hours a day to the care of the ravens. He has grown to love them and the _11 fact _ that he lives right next to them is ideal. I can _12 keep _ a close eye on them all the time, and not just when Im working. _13 At first _, Davids wife Mo was not _14 keen _ on the ide
5、a of life in the Tower, but she too will be sad to leave when he retires next year. When we look out of our windows, we see history _15 all _ around us, and we are taking it in and storing it up for our future memories. 第二篇 A Lucky Break Actor Antonio Banderas is used to breaking bones, and it alway
6、s seems to happen when hes 1 doing sport. In the film Play It to the Bone he 2 plays the part of a middleweight boxer alongside Woody Harrelson. 3 During the making of the film Harrelson 4 kept complaining that the fight 5 scenes werent very convincing, so one day he suggested that he and Banderas s
7、hould have a fight for real. The Spanish actor wasnt 6 keen on the idea at first, but he was 7 eventually persuaded by his co-star to put on his gloves and climb into the boxing ring. However, when he realized how seriously his 8 opponent was taking it all, he began to regret his decision to fight.
8、And then in the third round, Harrelson hit Banderas 9 so hard in the face that he actually broke his nose. His wife, actress Melanie Griffith, was furious that he had been playing silly macho games. She was right, confesses Banderas, and I was a fool to 10 take a risk like that in the middle of a mo
9、vie. He was 11 reminded of the time he broke his leg during a football match in his native Malaga. He had always 12 dreamed of becoming a soccer star, of performing in front of a big crowd, but doctors told him his playing days were probably over. Thats when I decided to take 13 up acting; I saw it
10、as 14 another way of performing, and achieving recognition. What happened to me on that football 15 another was, you might say, my first lucky break. 第三篇 Global Warming Few people now question the reality of global warming and its effects on the worlds climate. Many scientists (1) put the blame for
11、recent natural disasters on the increase (2) in the worlds temperatures and are convinced that, more than (3) ever before, the Earth is at (4) risk from the forces of the wind, rain and sun. (5) According to them, global warming is making extreme weather events, (6) such as hurricanes and droughts,
12、even more (7) severe and causing sea levels all around the world to (8) rise . Environmental groups are putting (9) pressure on governments to take action to reduce the (10) amount of carbon dioxide which is given (11) off by factories and power plants, thus attacking the problem at its source. They
13、 are in (12) favour of more money being spent on research into solar, wind and wave energy devices, which could then replace existing power (13) stations . Some scientists, (14) however believe that even if we stopped releasing carbon dioxide and other gases into the atmosphere tomorrow, we would ha
14、ve to wait (15) several hundred years to notice the results. Global warming, it seems, is here to stay. 第四篇 A Success StoryAt 19, Ben Way is already a millionaire, and one of a growing number of teenagers who have(1) made Their fortune through the Internet. (2) What makes Bens story all the more rem
15、arkable is that he is dyslexic, and was (3) told by teachers at his junior school that he would never be able to read or write (4) properly . I wanted to prove them (5) wrong , says Ben, creator and director of Waysearch, a net search engine which can be used to find goods in online shopping malls.
16、When he was eight, his local authorities (6) provided him with a PC to help with school work. Although he was (7) unable to read the manuals, he had a natural ability with the computer, and (8) encouraged by his father, he soon began (9) charging people $l0 an hour for his knowledge and skills. At t
17、he age of 15 he (10) set up his own computer consultancy, Quad Computer, which he ran from his bedroom, and two years later he left school to (11) devote all his time to business. By this time the company had grown and I needed to take on a (12) couple of employees to help me, says Ben. That enabled
18、 me to start (13) doing business with bigger companies.” It was. his ability to consistently (14) overcome difficult challenges that led him to win the Young Entrepreneur of the Year award in the same year that he formed Waysearch, and he has recently signed a deal (15) worth $25 million with a priv
19、ate investment company, which will finance his search engine.第五篇 Traffic in Our Cities The volume of traffic in many cities in the world today continues to expand. This causes many problems, including serious air pollution, lengthy delays, and the greater risk (1) of accidents. Clearly, something mu
20、st be done, but it is often difficult to (2) )persuade people to change their habits and leave their cars at home. One possible (3) approach is to make it more expensive for people to use their cars by (4) increasing charges for parking and (5) bringing in tougher fines for anyone who (6) breaks the
21、 law. In addition, drivers could be required to pay for using particular routes at different times of the day. This system, (7) known as road pricing, is already being introduced in a (8) number of cities, using a special electronic card (9) fixed to the windscreen of the car. Another way of (10) de
22、aling with the problem is to provide cheap parking on the (11) outskirts of the city, and strictly control the number of vehicles allowed into the centre. Drivers and their passengers then use a special bus service for the (12) final stage of their journey.Of course, the most important (13) thing is
23、 to provide good public transport. However, to get people to (14) give up the comfort of their cars, public transport must be felt to be reliable, convenient and comfortable, with fares (15) kept at an acceptable level.第六篇 Teaching and learningMany teachers believe that the responsibilities for lear
24、ning lie with the student. If a long reading assignment is given, instructors expect students to be familiar with the (1) information_in the reading even if they do not discuss it in class or take an examination. The (2) idea _ student is considered to be one who is motivated to learn for the sake o
25、f(3) learning_, not the one interested only in getting high grades. Sometimes homework is returned(4) with_ brief written comments but without a grade. Even if a grade is not given, the student is(5) responsible _ for learning the material assigned. When research is(6) assigned _ , the professor exp
26、ects the student to take it actively and to complete it with(7) minimum _ guidance. It is the students responsibility to find books, magazines, and articles in the library. Professors do not have the time to explain(8) how _ a university library works; they expect students(9) particularly _ graduate
27、 students to exhaust the reference(10) _ sources _ in the library. Professors will help students who need it, but(11) prefer that their students should not be (12) too dependent on them. In the United Stats professors have many other duties (13) besides teaching， such as administrative or research w
28、ork. Therefore, the time that a professor can spend with a student outside of class is (14) limited . If a student has problems with classroom work , the student should either (15) _ approach _ a professor during office hours or make an appointment.*第七篇 The Difference between Man and Computer What m
29、akes people different from computer programs? What is the missing element that our theories dont yet (1) account_ for? The answer is simple: People read newspaper stories for a reason: to learn more about (2) _ what _they are interested in. Computers, on the other hand， dont. In fact，computers dont
30、(3) _ even _ have interests; there is nothing in particular that they are trying to find out when they read. If a computer (4) _ program _is to be a model of story understanding ，it should also read for a purpose. Of course ，people have several goals that do not make (5) _ sense_to attribute to comp
31、uters. One might read a restaurant guide (6) _ in _order to satisfy hunger or entertainment goals, or to (7) _ find _a good place to go for a business lunch. Computers do not get hungry, and computers do not have business lunches. However ，these physiological and social goals give (8) _ rise _to sev
32、eral intellectual or cognitive goals. A goal to satisfy hunger gives rise to goals to find (9) _ information _ about the name of a restaurant which (10) _ serves _ the desired type of food ，how expensive the restaurant is，the location of the restaurant, etc. These are goals to (11) _ acquire _ infor
33、mation or knowledge, what we are calling (12) _ learning _ goals. These goals can be held by computers too; a computer (13) _ might _ want to find out the location of a restaurant ，and read a guide in order to do so (14) _ in _ the same way as a person might. While such a goal would not (15) _ arise
34、 _out of hunger in the case of the computer，it might well arise out of the goal to learn more about restaurants.*第八篇 Look on The Bright Side Do you ever wish you were more optimistic, someone who always (1) _ expected _ to be successful? Having someone around who always (2) _fears _ the worst isnt r
35、eally a lot of (3) _ fun _. We all know someone who sees a single cloud on a sunny day and says ，INooks ( 4 ) like _ rain. But if you catch yourself thinking such things，its important to do something (5) _ about _ it. You can change your view of life ，(6) _ according _to psychologists. It only takes
36、 a little effort ，and youll find life more rewarding as a (7) _ result _. Optimism，they say，is partly about self-respect and confidence but its also a more positive way of looking at life and all it has to (8) _ offer _. Optimists are more (9) _ likely _ to start new projects and are generally more
37、preparedto take risks. Upbringing is obviously very important in forming your (10) _ attitude _to the world. Some people are brought up to (11) _ depend _too much on others and grow up forever blaming other people when anything (12) _ goes _wrong. Most optimists，on the (13 ) _ other hand, have been
38、brought up not to (14) _ regard _failure as the end of the worldthey just (15) _ get on _ with their lives.*第九篇 The First Bicycle The history of the bicycle goes back more than 200 years. In 1791，Count de Sivrac (1) delighted_onlookers in a park in Paris as he showed off his two-wheeled invention ，a
39、 machine called the celerifer. It was basically an (2) _ enlarged _version of a childrens toy which had been in (3) _ use _ for many years. Sivracs celerifer had a wooden frame，made in the (4) _ shape_ of a horse ，which was mounted on a wheel at either end. To ride it ，you sat on a small seat ，just
40、like a modem bicycle ，and pushed (5) _ hard_ against the (6) _ ground _ with your legsthere were no pedals. It was impossible to steer a celerifer and it had no brakes，but despite these problems the invention very much (7) _ appealed _to the fashionable young men of Paris. Soon they were (8) _ holdi
41、ng _ races up and down the streets. Minor (9) _ injuries _were common as riders attempted a final burst of ( 10 ) _ speed_ . Controlling the machine was difficult ，as the only way to change (11) _ direction _ was to pull up the front of the celerifer and (12) _ turn _it round while the front wheel w
42、as (13) _ spinning _ in the air. Celerifers were not popular for long ，however ，as the (14) _ combination _of no springs ，no steering and rough roads made riding them very uncomfortable. Even so，the wooden celerifer was the (15) _ origin _of the modem bicycle.*第十篇 Working Mothers Carefully conducted
43、 researches that have followed the children of working mothers have not been able to show any long-term problems，compared with children whose mothers stayed at home. My personal (1) _ view _ is that mothers should be allowed to work if they wish. Whether we like it or not ，there are a (2) _ number _
44、 of mothers who just have to work. There are those who have invested such a big part of their lives in establishing a career that they cannot (3) _ afford _ see it lost. Then there are many who must work out of pure economic (4) _ necessity _. Many mothers are not (5) _ cut _ out to be full-time par
45、ents. After a few months at home with a much loved infant ，they feel trapped and isolated. There are a number of options when it (6) _ comes_ to choosing childcare. These range from child minders and nannies through to Granny or the kind lady (7) _ across _ the street. (8) _ In reality _, however ，m
46、any parents dont have any choice; they have to accept anything they can get. Be prepared! No (9) _ matter _ how good the childcare may be ，some children are going to protest wildly if they are left. This is a (10) _ perfectly _ normal stage of child development. Babies separate well in the first six months，but soon after that they start to get a crush on Mum and close family (11) _ members _ . Make sure that in the first week you allow (12) _ plenty of_ time to help your child settle in.
