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1、Unit Four Section A Five Famous Symbols of American CultureSection B Engelbreits the Name, Cute is My GameI. Objectives1. Reading: appreciating figurative language2. Writing: a short composition with details organized in time sequence3. Translating: developing translation skills II. Important & Diff
2、icult Points1. Word Power: 1) Words and Expressionsliberty enlighten alliance affection assemble exaggerate version universally interpretation solemn inspire grave alongside stretch tragedy settlement frontier reputation inspect contract recruit beard go ahead for sale refashion into name sb./sth. a
3、fter sb. come/rise to fame no doubt go against evlove from2) Word Building: changing adjectives ended with ant or ent into their corresponding nouns studying the prefix co- 2. Grammar: 1) absolute structure 2) the structure of “conjunction prepositional phrase” 3. Figure of Speech oxymoron III. Teac
4、hing MethodsExplaining, classroom discussion, listening and skill-practicingIV. Teaching MaterialsBlackboard, multi-media facilities, audio-visual equipment, CAI teaching plansSection A: Five Famous Symbols of American CultureStep 1A Brief Introduction to the Text What makes someone or something typ
5、ically American? This is a very hard question to answer because the United States is made up of people from all around the world. But, if you ask people what qualities define the American people, they will probably say that the two dominating characteristics of Americans are inventiveness and indepe
6、ndence, and they may have a story to share about the symbols that exemplify those values.Step 2Background Information1. The Statue of Liberty The idea of creating the Statue of Liberty began in France at a dinner party hosted by Edouard Rene Lefebvre Laboulaye, a scholar. Laboulaye and Frdric-August
7、e Bartholdi, a sculptor, began to discuss the idea of presenting the United States with a monument to memorialize independence and human liberty.Bartholdi sailed from France to New York on June 8, 1871, to propose the building of the statue to honor the friendship between France and the United State
8、s. As the ship pulled into New York Harbor, Bartholdi spotted the perfect location, Liberty Island.2. Barbie dolls It was the late 1950s when Ruth Handler noticed her daughter playing with paper dolls and imagining them in grown-up roles. Since most dolls at the time were baby dolls, Ruth envisioned
9、 one that would inspire little girls to think about what they wanted to be when they grew up. Ruth created a teenage fashion model doll named Barbie (after her daughter), and the rest is history. Barbie has been an integral part of the lives of millions of young girls. Her timeless appeal has result
10、ed in a dedicated legion of fans that love to collect her.3. American Gothic Grant Wood came to Eldon in the late 1920s with fellow artist and Eldon native, John Sharp. He was inspired by the contrast of the modest little one-and-one-half-story frame house with its (as he described it) “pretentious”
11、 Gothic style windows. There is one in each gable end. He sketched the house on the back of an envelope and used it as the backdrop in his world renowned 1930s painting American Gothic. His sister, Nan, and his dentist, Dr. B.H. McKeeby, posed as the sour-faced couple. Wood intended the couple to re
12、present a typical small town resident and his daughter, but most interpret them as man and wife. Since completion, Grant Woods 1930 painting American Gothic has become a critically acclaimed work that continues to enjoy enormous popularity. It also has become an American icon and is the model for a
13、countless number of commercial art parodies, such as posters, cards, and souvenirs. The painting hangs in the Art Institute of Chicago.4. Buffalo nickelIn 1911 sculptor James Earl Fraser began designing the “Buffalo” nickel. Fraser said the portrait on the “heads” side was a composite of three Ameri
14、can Indians Iron Tail, Big Tree and Two Moons. Fraser had the opportunity to study and photography them when they stopped off in New York on theirway to Washington to visit President Theodore Rossevelt. By borrowing features from each individual, Fraser was able to sketch the “ideal” portrait for th
15、e nickel.The model for the “tails side” of the coin was none other than Black Diamond, the most contrary animal in New Yorks Bronx Zoo. He was born of stock donated by Barnum and Bailey circus. In his prime, his coat was unusually dark, and he weighed more than 1500 pounds. Fraser stood for hours, t
16、rying to catch his form and mood in clay. But Black Diamond stubbornly refused to show his side view, and faced the artist most of the time. Only by bribing a zoo attendant to distract the animal was Fraser finally able to capture the likeness he wanted.President William Howard Taft approved the art
17、 work, and the first “Buffalo” nickles were produced in February of 1913. Two Moons died in 1917. and Iron Tail and Big Tree in the 1920s. In the 1960s, a second Big Tree appeared at coin shows and claimed to be they Native American on the nickel. Although he claimed to have celebrated his 100th bir
18、thday in 1962, later record indicated he was actually only 87. 5. Uncle Sam Historian arent completely certain how the character “Uncle Sam” was created, or who (if any) he was named after.The prevailing theory is that Uncle Sam was named after Samuel Wilson. Wilson was born in Arlington, Mass., on
19、September 13, 1766. His childhood home was in Mason, New Hampshire. In 1789, he and his brother Ebenezer walked to Troy, New York. Samuel Wilson died in 1854. His grave is in the Oakwood Cemetery in Troy.During the War of 1812, Wilson was in the business of slaughtering and packing meat. He provided
20、 large shipments of meat to the US Army, in barrels that were stamped with the initials “US”. Supposedly, someone who saw the “US” stamp suggested perhaps as a joke that the initials stood for “Uncle Sam” Wilson. The suggestion that the meat shipments came from “Uncle Sam” led to the idea that Uncle
21、 Sam symbolized the federal government.Samuel Wilson died in 1854. His grave is in Oakwood Cemetery in Troy.The single most famous portrait of Uncle Sam is the “I WANT YOU” Army recruiting poster from World War I. The poster was painted by James Montgomery Flagg in 1916-1917. 6. New York Citys Centr
22、al Park Central Park was the first landscaped public park in the United States. Advocates of creating the park primarily wealthy merchants and landowners admired the public grounds of London and Paris and urged that New York needed a comparable facility to establish its international reputation. A p
23、ublic park, they argued, would offer their own families an attractive setting for carriage rides and provide working-class New Yorkers with a healthy alternative to the saloon. After three years of debate over the park site and cost, in 1853 the state legislature authorized the City of New York to u
24、se the power of eminent domain to acquire more than 700 acres of land in the center of Manhattan.7. Political cartoonsVirtually every newspaper in the US, and many other countries, publises at least one political cartoon on its editorial page. These cartoons satirize events reported in the newspaper
25、. Oftern, they include caricatures, or funny drawings, of politicians, such as the presidens. For example, Uncle Sam, the representation of the United States, appears frequently in political cartoons. Step 3Guidance on Understanding the Whole TextMain idea of the text The passage is about five famou
26、s symbols of American culture, telling readers their historical backgrounds, origins and relevant stories.Part I (Paras. 1-3)To celebrate US independence and the France-America alliance, a French artist created the Statue of Liberty, with his wifes arm and his mothers face as models for his creation
27、. Part II (Paras. 4-8)Barbie originated from a German doll and an American girl, Barbara, whose parents founded the Mattel Toy Company and made Barbie popular. Barbara and her brother Ken, the human models of Barbie and her boyfriend, had different opinions on the doll.Part III (Paras. 9- 11)Inspire
28、d by the Gothic window of an old farmhouse, Grant Wood produced American Gothic. It was the faces of his dentist and sister in the painting that captured the worlds attention.Part IV (Paras.15-18) Contrary to the tradition, the image of a buffalo and three actual American Indians were used on two si
29、des of the coin, the Buffalo Nickel, by a famed artist James Earle Fraser.Part V (Paras.12-17) When Sam Wilson was providing meat to the army in a war, some explained the initial letters “US” as Uncle Sam. It became popular later because of a character in political cartoons. An artist created its po
30、rtrait in army recruiting posters.Key information of Section A:The Statue of Liberty Time: Mid-1870sDesigner: French artist BartholdiModel: His wifes arm and his mothers face History: Celebrating the US independence and the France-America allianceBarbieTime: 1959Designer: Elliot and Ruth HandlerMode
31、l: Daughter Barbara History: After watching her daughter play with paper dolls, Ruth had the idea.American GothicTime: August of 1930Designer: Grant WoodModels: His sister and his dentistHistory: Grant Wood was visiting the town of Eldon in the southern part of Iowa when he came upon the farmhouse.B
32、uffalo NickelTime: From 1913 to 1938 Designer: FraserModel: An aging buffalo from New York Citys Central Park ZooHistory: It honored a pair of connected tragedies from the settlement of the American frontier the destruction of the buffalo herds and the American Indians.Uncle SamTime: 1812Model: Sam
33、WilsonDesigner: James Montgomery FlaggHistory: Happening to get the name “Uncle Sam”, Uncle Sam soon replaced Brother Jonathan as Americans most popular symbol.Summary of Section A: The Statue of Liberty is a monument built to celebrate the US _ (independence) and the France-America alliance. Holdin
34、g a torch high, the statue expresses welcome to people who have affection for peace and _ (liberty). Inspired by a German doll, Ruth designed her American version of _ (dolls) called Barbie. With long limbs and an _ (exaggerated) breast size, Barbie is shapely and beautiful. Guided by artistic theor
35、ies, Wood created the portrait showing the solemn pride of American _ (farmers). Unlike other coins in the US, the buffalo nickel _ (honored) a pair of connected tragedies, the_ (destruction) of both buffalo herds and American Indians. The story of Uncle Sam_ (evolves) from a man who inspected meat
36、for the US Army during the war to liberate the American_ (colonies). There are many versions of Uncle Sams portrait, but the most famous is in the recruiting _ (poster), in which he is a tall man with a white beard on his chin.Step 4Details of the text A. Word Using1. statue n. the figure of a perso
37、n or animal, that is made of stone or metal and usually put in a public place the statue of/to Lu Xun 鲁迅塑像Compare: stature: n. the height of a person status: n. position relative to that of others2. liberty n. 1. U freedom from captivity, slavery, or oppressive control自由,自由权 loss of liberty 丧失自由 Hun
38、dreds of political prisoners are to be given their liberty. 成百上千的政治犯将获得自由。2. C,U the right or permission to do or use sth许可,准许 He granted the boy liberty to go out. -他允许那男孩出去。Employees have the liberty to dance in the clubs.You are at liberty to leave when you wish. 3. C speech or behavior that lack
39、s respect or does not follow what is thought to be polite 放肆，无礼，冒昧行eg: Excuse my liberties. 请原谅我的冒昧。3. enlighten vt. give sb. more information about sth. so that he or she knows the truth 启发，开导an enlightening experience 一次极有启发的体验The object of his novel writing is to amuse and enlighten the general r
40、eaders. 他写小说的目的在于使一般读者得到娱乐并受到教育。 4. approvevi. (of) think that someone or something is good, right, or suitable You made a good decision, and I thoroughly approve of it.vt. officially accept a plan, proposal, etc. We are waiting for the government to approve this project. 5. co-founder: someone who
41、works with you as a beginner “co-“ together with co-author 合著者 co-exist 共存co-pilot 合作驾驶者 co-habitation 共同居住(同居)co-ordinate 使协调 co-operate 合作6.affection n. 1. U, C feeling of fondness 喜爱He feels a deep affection for his parents. She had developed quite an affection for the place.她渐渐爱上了这个地方.2. (pl.) l
42、ove 爱情，爱慕之情He tried to win her affections by bringing her flowers.Unhappily, she put her affections on the wrong person. 7. assemble vt. fit together the parts of sth. 组装，装配 We spent all day trying to assemble our new bookshelves.v. (cause people or things to) come together; collect （使）集合，（使）聚集The l
43、eaders assembled in Shanghai for the meeting.Ive assembled all the information I need for my essay.8. torch the torch of revolution革命火炬 the torch of peace 和平火炬the Olympic torch 奥运火炬 torches and candles手电筒和蜡烛 9. dedicate vt. 1)hold an official ceremony to say that a building, organization, etc. is es
44、tablished A memorial stone was dedicated to those who lost their lives in the war. 为阵亡将士纪念碑举行了落成典礼。 2) give all ones attention and effort to one particular thing He dedicated his life to helping the poor. 他毕生致力于帮助穷人。 3) declare a book, performance, etc. to be in honor of someone He dedicated his PhD
45、 thesis to his wife. 他将他的博士论文献给自己的妻子。10. version n.1.C two different versions of Gone with the Wind 两部不同版本的乱世佳人This dress is a cheaper version of the one we saw in that shop. 这件连衣裙是我们在那家商店看到的那件的廉价仿制品。2. C an account of an event, etc. from the point of view of one person 叙述，说法The two drivers gave dif
46、ferent versions of the accident.She asked a different version of the question. 11. universal adj. universal travel环球旅行a universally accepted point of view 人人接受的观点There was universal agreement as to who should become chairman.universally adv. It is a universally acknowledged truth that a single man i
47、n possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife. from Pride and Prejudice一个富有的单身汉一定需要一个妻子，这是一个普遍公认的真理。 12.fame come/ rise to fame 出名Pop stars achieve fame at a young age.She moved to London in search of fame and fortune. 13. interpretation n. The actors interpretations were praised by most of the newspapers. 这位演员的表演得到了大部分报纸的赞扬。 Hes always putting a wrong interpretation on what I say. 他总是曲解我的话.14.solemn a solemn silence
