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1、外研新标准初三上,Unit 3 Language in use,Module 11 Population,Objectives：,To understand and apply:the articles and big numbers,语法讲解建议采用归纳法，如尽可能多的呈现一些相关例句，或可让学生从已学课文中找相应例句，引导学生试着从所观察到的语言现象中总结出语法规律。,Beijing is a big city.Chongqing is the biggest city in China.But an increasing population is an environmental pr
2、oblem in many countries.The small local school in Parkville closed down.Arnwick needs larger hospitals and more doctors,better public transport and fewer private cars.136,130,400(one hundred and thirty-six million,one hundred and thirty thousand,four hundred),Examples in this module,仔细观察句子的a,an,the的
3、用法。学会数字的正确读法。,1.冠词是虚词，本身不能单独使 用，也没有词义，它用在名词 的前面，帮助指明名词的含义。,2.冠词分为不定冠词a(an)和定冠词the两种。,Articles 冠词,分析：a和an均用于单数可数名词之前，表示一类人或事物中的“任何”一个，相当于汉语中的“一”，但不用于强调数目的概念。,不定冠词的用法,例1 Jacks father is _ doctor.A.a B.an C.some D./,例2 There is _“f”and _“u”in the word“four”.A.an,a B.a,a C.an,an D.a,an,分析：在名词前使用a或an要取决于
4、该名词的读音。如果首字母的读音是元音因素，应用an；如果首字母的读音是辅音音素，应用a。,1.a,e,i,o,u五个元音字母处于词首 时，未必都是元音音素，u 发音 ju:或ju前面用冠词a,u读时 前面用冠词an。,2.26个字母中以开头为元音音素发音 的字母有：f ef,h eit,l el,n en,r a:,s es,x eks。There is an“R”in the word.This is a European country.European词首字母不发音,j是辅 音音素。This is a one-eyed dog.one w是辅音音素。,例3-Why not take _
5、friend with you?-Thats _ good idea.A.a,a B.the,the C.a,the D.the,a,分析：使用不定冠词指某人或某物，但不具体说明是 何人或何物。,例4 Take the medicine three times _ day.A.a B.the C.an D./,分析：使用不定冠词表示单位，fifty miles an hour 意为“每小时50公里”，twice a week 意为“每周两次”。,例5 English is _language.It is _ important tool.A.a,a B.a,an C.the,an D.a,/,
6、分析：a language意为“一种语言”。language是可数名词。,例6 _ steel worker makes steel.A./B.A C.This D.That,分析：a(an)放于单数的可数名词前表示“一类”。该句中 a steel worker是指钢铁工人们。表示一类有三种方式：A bike is slower than a car.The bike is slower than the car.Bikes are slower than cars.,例7 Tom has _ high fever and his mother is looking after him.A.a
7、 B.the C.an D./,分析:表示生什么病前应用a,have a headache,have a cold。,例8 Mary takes _ walk after supper every day.A.the B.a C./D.one,分析:give,take,have与一些动词名词化的词连用，表示一次动作，名词前要加a。have a talk(bath,look);make a living(promise);take a swim(walk,rest)give a talk(whistle,smile),例9 The old woman had_ fire in her room.
8、A.the B./C.a D.this,分析:抽象名词和物质名词的具体化时，该名词前要加a。It is a great joy to study at this college.This kind of wood can make into a good paper.He made a living by selling newspaper.,例1 There is _bridge over the river._ bridge is made of stone.A.a,A B.a,The C.the,The D.the,A,分析:文章中第一次出现的可数名词前用a(an)。下次再出现此名词则用
9、the。I have a little bird.The bird is yellow.,定冠词的用法,例2 _ old workers under that tree are from Shanghai.A.The B.An C.This D.That,分析：名词后有表示范围、地点的介词短语限定时,名词前应加the来表示特指。The boys here are interested in sports.,例3 _ first one sat down and the second stood up.A.The B.A C.One D.An,分析:序数词前表示顺序时前加the。Mary is
10、the third to come in.,例4 Winter is _ coldest season of the year.A.a B.the C./D.so,分析:形容词最高级前及Only修饰的名词前均要加 the。Mary is the only girl who is often late for class.,例5 _ moon moves around _ earth,and they both are smaller than _ sun.A.The,the,the B.A,an,a C.The,an,the D.The,the,a,分析:定冠词用于表示世界上独一无二的物体名词
11、前。,例6 We live in _ south of China.A.the B./C.a D.some,分析:表示东、南、西、北方的名词前要加the。The sun rises in the east.,例7 _ browns are watching TV at home at the moment.A./B.The C.Mr.D.A,分析:the放于姓氏的复数形式前时，表示一家人或一姓的夫妇二人。,例8 He will go to see you off at _ Railway Station.A.a B.an C.the D./,分析:the普通名词构成专有名词。the Unite
12、d Statesthe United Nationsthe Peoples Republic of China,例9 I was playing _ piano at eight yesterday morning.A.a B./C.the D.this,分析:play乐器表示弹奏时，该乐器名词前加 the。Alice likes to play the violin while Kate likes to play the flute.表示数量时可用a。This is a new piano against the wall.,例10 Our teacher gets up early in
13、 _ morning.A.the B./C.a D.an,分析:牢记一些含the的习惯用语，在句中用作时间状语。in the afternoon(evening)in the daytimeat the beginningin the end,例11 There is a large ship in _middle of the river.A.a B./C.the D.any,分析:牢记一些含the的习惯用语，在句中用作地点状语。on the right(left)/in the front ofin the middle of the meeting/the forest/at the f
14、oot of the hill,例12 Last night we went to _ cinema.A.the B.a C./D.those,分析:牢记一些固定搭配：go to the concert(theatre),例13 _ young should care for and help _ old.A.The,a B.The,the C.A,the D.An,an,分析:the形容词（形容词名词化）表示一类人或事物。the poor/the rich/the sick/the beautiful,例14 The small town lies on _ Yangtzi River.A.
15、a B.an C./D.the,分析:定冠词the用在江河、海洋、山脉、湖泊、群岛名称的前面。the Dead Sea/the Black Seathe North China Plain 华北平原,例1 Paper is made of _ bamboo.A.a B.the C./D.that,分析:物质名词和抽象名词前一般不加冠词。Wood can be made into chairs and tables.Iron is a kind of metal.,零冠词的用法,例2 _ January is the first month of the year.A.The B.A C./D.
16、That,分析:表示节日、月份的名词前一般不加the。Spring is coming.He was born in December.如果表示有某年限定的季节和月份时，季节和月份前要加the。He was born in the Summer of 1964.,例3 We have no classes _ Sundays.A.the B.these C.D.those,分析:表示一周中七日的名称前一般不加冠词。,例4 I studies _English in_ England.A./,/B.an,the C.an,an D./,the,分析:学科前和国名、洲名前一般不加冠词。learn
17、Chinese(maths,physics,chemistry)China is in Asia.in Germany(Japan)in Africa(Europe),例5 They often take a walk in _ Hyde Park.A.the B.a C./D.this,分析:在一些专有名词（地名、节假日）之前不加冠词。Christmas Day New years EveNational Day Childrens DayTeachers Day Wall Street,例6 The thief was thrown into _ prison.A.the B.a C.th
18、is D./,分析:表示某一概念，而不是某具体工作的部门时，名词前不加冠词。,背会下列词组：go to work(college,school,hospital,church)去上班be in school(hospital,bed,prison)在学校 go to school/go to the school 上这所学校 go to bed/be on the bed 东西摆在床上go to class(be in class)/be in the class 在教室里,例7 He doesnt have _ breakfast at home.A.a B.the C.this D./,分
19、析:表示三餐的名词前不加冠词，如果前面有形容词修饰该词，表示“一顿的饭”，可加a。have a big supper(nice lunch),例8 We go to work by _ bus.A./B.a C.the D.one,分析:表示交通工具的手段时，用by名词表示，该名词前不用冠词。by bike(taxi,car,train,plane,spaceship)或by sea(water,air,land)如果用介词in或on，名词前要加冠词或物主代词。,例9 _ running is good.A.The B.A C./D.An,分析:动名词前一般不用冠词。Walking on th
20、e moon is difficult.Seeing is believing.,例10 These boys play _ football after class.A.a B.the C.that D./,分析:球类、棋类、游戏名称前不加冠词。,例11 The students of _ Grade One are having a meeting.A.these B./C.a D.an,分析:名词数词表示顺序时，前面不加冠词the；序数词名词表示顺序数，序数词前加冠词the。turn to page 3/the third pageLesson One/the first lessong
21、ate Five/the fifth Gate,例12 There is no _ book on the desk.A.the B.a C.an D./,分析:名词前有物主代词、指示代词、不定代词、名词所有格或any和no时，均不再用冠词。如：no books,not a book,not any books,例13 He often works late at _ night.A./B.the C.a D.all,分析：表示时间或地点的一些介词名词的词组和一些固定词组中，均不加冠词。at home,in town,at noon,at daybreak,in trouble,in dang
22、er,in fact等。,注意：有些名词前用冠词或不用冠词，其意义有所不同。如：1)at table 在吃饭 at the table 在桌子旁2)in class 在上课 in the class 在班级中,3)go to school 去上学 go to the school 到那所学校去4)go to bed 上床睡觉 go to the bed 到床那边去5)in front of 在的前面 in the front of 在的前部,1.表示一类人或事物中的“任何”一个，相当于汉语中“一”，但不用于强调数目的概念。2.指某人或某物，但不具体说明 是何人或何物。3.表示单位。4.表示“一
23、类”。,不定冠词的用法,Summary,1.文章中第一次出现的可数名词前 用a(an)。下次再出现此名词时。2.名词后有表示范围、地点的介词 短语限定时。3.序数词前表示顺序时。4.形容词最高级前及only修饰的名词 前。5.定冠词用于表示世界上独一无二的 物体名词前。,定冠词的用法,6.表示东、南、西、北方的名词前7.姓氏的复数形式前时,表示一家人 或一姓的夫妇二人。8.the普通名词构成专有名词。9.play乐器表示弹奏时，该乐器名 词前加 the。10.the形容词（形容词名词化）表示一类人或事物。11.定冠词the用在江河、海洋、山脉、湖泊、群岛名称的前面。,1.物质名词和抽象名词前一
24、般不加冠词。2.表示节日、月份的名词前一般不加the。3.表示一周中七日的名称前一般不加冠词。4.学科前和国名、洲名前一般不加冠词。5.在一些专有名词（地名、节假日）之前不加冠词。6.表示某一概念，而不是某具体工作的 部门时，名词前不加冠词。7.表示三餐的名词前不加冠词。,零冠词的用法,8.表示交通工具的手段时，用by名词表 示，该名词前不用冠词。9.动名词前一般不用冠词。10.球类、棋类、游戏名称前不加冠词。11.名词前有物主代词、指示代词、不定代 词、名词所有格或any和 no时，均不再 用冠词。12.表示时间或地点的一些介词名词的词 组和一些固定词组中，均不加冠词。13.家庭成员的称呼、
25、称呼语或只一人担任 的职务名词前不用冠词。,实战中考,1.The scientists from _ United States lives in _ Ninth Street.(上海市)A.the;the B./;an C./;/D.the;/2.Look!There is _ cat in the tree.(重庆市)A.a B.an C.the D./,实战中考,3.What does Michael look like?He has big eyes and _ wide mouth.(福建省福州市)A.a B.an C.the 4.How was _ dinner at Mikes
26、house?It was great.Mikes mum is _ wonderful cook.(山东省滨州市)A.a;the B.the;a C.the;the D.a;an,5.Have you seen _ book?I left it here a moment ago.Is it _ new English book?I saw it was taken away by John.(甘肃兰州市)A.a,a B.a,the C.the,the D.the,a,实战中考,实战中考,6.Lucy is _ good girl.She often helps others.(浙江省温州市)
27、A.a B.an C.the D./7.Do you know _ man in blue?Yes,hes a professor of _ university.(山东省烟台市)A.the;a B.a;an C.the;an D./;the,在英语中，对于万以上的数字，我们改如何表达呢？这就要记住英语数字读法特点。以下面一个数字为例：,6，500，431，729,hundred,thousand,million,billion,注意每三个数为一个单位，按照百、十、个向下读。,大数字的表达方法,6，500，431，729,seven hundred and twenty-nine,thousa
28、nd,million,billion,six billion,five hundred million,four hundred and thirty-one thousand,hundred,Write a,an or the Where necessary.,Mina lives in a-big city.She is(1)_ eighteen-year-old girl.Shes got.(2)_ brother and(3)_ sister.Mina is(4)_ oldest child in(5)_ family.(6)_ city where she lives is very
29、 big.(7)_ population is more than 10 million.Mina doesnt have(8)_ education.She has(9)_ job working in(10)_factory.She hopes that one day she will have(11)_chance to go to(12)_school.,an,a,a,the,the,The,The,an,a,a,a,/,Write the words with a,an,no article(/)or in plural form.,1 The(1)_ of many countr
30、ies is increasing quickly.Because of this,it is difficult to provide enough(2)_ which people need.,crime experience hospitaljob population rubbish traffic,population,jobs,2 People who are ill need places in(1)_.Policemen are also needed to fight(2)_.The cities and countryside need to be clean and fr
31、ee from(3)_.3 And because of too many cars,trucks and buses,there are a great number of(1)_ problems.This is not right.Living in a city should be an(2)_ which people enjoy,not one which is bad for them.,hospital,crime,rubbish,traffic,experience,Complete the conversation with a,an,the or no article(/
32、).,to me,Venice is/most beautiful city in/Italy.,To me,Venice is the most beautiful city in Italy.,1 A:were going on/holiday/at/end of/school term2 B:are you going skiing in/mountains again?3 A:no,were going to/Sicily 4 B:is that Capital city of Italy?5 A:no,its/island/off/west coast of/Italy6 A:all
33、/people who have been there say its one of/most beautiful places in/world,Were going on holiday at the end of the school term.,Are you going skiing in the mountains again.,No,were going to Sicily.,Is that the capital of Italy?,No,its an island off the west coast of Italy.,All the people who have bee
34、n there say that its one of the most beautiful places in the world.,Work in pairs.Guess the population of each country in the list.Write the list in order,starting from the largest population.,Australiathe BahamasChinaUnited States of America,1,313,000,000 297,000,000 20,137,000 303,00,Now,listen an
35、d check.,Read the chart and answer the questions.,1 Which city had the largest population in 2000?2 Which citys population will increase fastest from 2000 to 2015?,Tokyo had the largest population in 2000.,Mumbais population will increase fastest from 2000 to 2015.,3 Which will be the larger,the inc
36、rease in New Yorks population or in Mexico Citys?4 Which will be smaller,the increase in New Yorks population or Mumbais?5 Which city/cities do you think will have the biggest population problem?Why?,The increase in Mexicos population will be larger.,The increase in New Yorks population will be smal
37、ler.,Tokyo.Because Tokyos population is the largest in 2000 and it will increase faster.,Complete the passage with the correct form of the words in the box.,city countryside environment hospital illness noise pollution population smoke apace traffic,Our world is facing many problems now.Two of the b
38、iggest are the increasing population and pollution.,The(1)_ of the world is increasing quickly.Why is this happening?Well,firstly,because more babies are born every year.Secondly,we are able to cure many(2)_ now in our excellent(3)_,so people are able to live longer.Many people are leaving the(4)_ t
39、o go and work in the(5)_.So these place are becoming too crowded:,population,illnesses,hospitals,countryside,city,there is not enough(6)_ for everyone.Another huge problem for the world is(7)_.Do we even know how dangerous the air is?Factories fill the sky with black(8)_.Too many cars on the roads c
40、ause(9)_ problems,and planes make loud(10)_when they take off and land.We are all going to have to work hard to protect the world(11)_.,space,pollution,smoke,traffic,noise,environment,Listen and choose the best summary.,a You dont have to own a car in order to drive one.b Members of a car club dont
41、often use public transport.c Car clubs are still to be introduced in the USA.,Listen again and answer the questions.,l What is the main:advantage of using a car for transport?2 How can you save money by joining a car club?3 In which way do members of car clubs improve their health,and the health of
42、the planet?,You can travel where you and when you want to.,You neednt pay repair costs or vehicle taxes.,They walk or cycle more.,Complete the passage with the correct form of the phrases in the box.,A meeting is(1)_ next week to discuss the citys problems.A factory has(2)_,and this means that there
43、 are fewer jobs.(3)_,more people are moving to the city,and this(4)_ our problems.We must(5)_ people _crime.,add to at the same time close down come up protect.from.,coming up,been closed down,At the same time,adds to,protect,from,Review,复习定冠词、不定冠词和零冠词的用法。复习大数字的表达方法。,Making a graph,Module task:,Work
44、 in groups.Choose at topic for your graph.,Choose a country,region or town which interest you.It could be theplace where you live.Decide the years you want to look ator example,now,10 years ago and 10 years from now.Research the population of your placein those years.Write it down carefully.,注:word
45、文档点击此处链接,1.Theres no air or water on _ moon.2._ Yellow River is _ second longest river in _ China.3.My mother bought me _ very nice bike.I like _ bike very much.4.Xiao Ming likes playing _ basketball,but he doesnt like playing _ piano.,the,The,the,a,the,/,the,/,Quiz,I.填入正确的冠词。,5.The students dont ha
46、ve classes in _ afternoon on _ Saturday.6.I often watch TV in _ evening.7.Lets go out for _ walk.8.What would you like for lunch,_ coffee or _ milk?,the,/,the,a,/,/,II.用英语“读”出下列数字。如：485 four hundred and eighty-five1.846 2.4,517 3.59,248 4.8,326,000 5.9,368,600,000,eight hundred and forty-six,four thousand,five hundred and seventeen,fifty-nine thousand,two hundred and forty-eight,eight million,three hundred and twenty-six thousand,nine billion,three hundred and sixty-eight million,six hundred thousand,To summarize what we have learnt in this module and preview the next.,Homework,Thank you.,
