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1、Application of PLC in the Elevator Control System of Intelligence Building Abstract: The paper mainly discusses one subsystem of intelligence building system: the elevator control system. The PLC strong ability in interference and so on makes the elevator industry one after another to apply the PLC
2、to the elevator control system in order to replace the relay being used in traditional elevator control system. The Application of PLC in the Elevator control system reduces the breakdown rate and efficiently improves the operating reliability of the elevator with safety .The structure of system is
3、also simple and tightly packed.The working principle of the elevator control system is: The spot control information is send into the from the customer input devices firstly, then the PLC control cabinet is required to send out the control signal to drive the equipments according to the system deman
4、ds. The elevator can then proceed the homologous action according to the control request .The paper selects companys 200HE series PLC, introducing parts of signal hookup of the elevator control system and explaining the function of the control cabinet. Lastly the automation programming is introduced
5、. Simulated experiments enunciates that the design method is viable. It can make the personnel of the industry management center to long-distance monitor and control the elevator in control center, to connect the elevator control system with intelligence building industry management system by Ethern
6、et or special-purpose network such as Lon Works.The elevator working state can also be timely watched.These not only can realize scientific centralized management of the elevator, but also can lower the elevator maintenance cost etc. It is one of the developing direction of intelligence building ele
7、vator control system. Keywords: PLC; intelligence building; elevator control system; working principle; program design . Introduction In 1980s The first intelligence mansion had been completed in America, then intelligence building has been abroadly taken attentions by the whole world.The concept of
8、 intelligence building has been put different meanings along with the development of society. The early stage intelligence building had been thought that it is equal to the intelligent mansion, but now the intelligence building not only includes the intelligence mansions but also involves intelligen
9、ce residential districts. This paper mainly discusses one subsystem of intelligence building system: the elevator control system. In intelligence residential districts the enterprises information managing system mainly takes charge of the things which related to the daily life, for example supervisi
10、ng the district equipments, managing vehicles, disposing critical situations and so on.The elevator supervising and control system is also necessary to the intelligence residential districts.How to make people feel safe ,stable and comfortable and how to save energy resources and protect environment
11、s and so on are the basic requirements to the elevator control system. PLC is a common industry control device.It is a special industry control computer which has the perfect function and simple frame. The PLC strong ability in interference and so on makes the elevator industry one after another to
12、apply the PLC to the elevator control system, in order to replace the relay being used in traditional elevator control system. The Application of PLC in the elevator control system reduces the breakdown rate and efficiently improves the operating reliability of the elevator with safety. This paper m
13、ainly discusses the elevator control systems working principles, the systems software and hardware realization methods and so on. . The Working Principle of Elevator Control System In Fig. 1 the Hardware Structure Graph of Elevator Control System is presented.Fig. 1 The Hardware Structure Graph of E
14、levator Control SystemThe Working Principles of Elevator Control System are stated as follows: The spot control information is send into the PLC from the customer input devices firstly, then the PLC control cabinet is required to send out the control signal to drive the equipments according to the s
15、ystem demands. The elevator can then perform the homologous action according to the control request. There are velocity feedback devices in system, which adopt measure velocity generators to provide the elevator velocities and generally are installed in the tail of tow motors .So this is a feedback
16、control system, which can improve the systems control precision. . The Hardware Configuration of Control System It is not necessary to do interface circuit in the elevators PLC control system.What we should do is to send the signals to PLC digital input terminals.The signals include inside and outsi
17、de calling signals ,floor location inspecting signals , limiting location signals ,opening and shutdown the elevator door signals etc. The DC power which is provided to PLC can be used as indicator light power. The PLC output points can be directly used to control transducers for the purpose of elec
18、trical motors positive turn and reverse ,stop and control each segment velocity and so on . companys 200HE series PLC has been selected as major control configuration according to the input/output points and the length of users program. On the other hand we also consider that the systems function ca
19、n be expanded in the future .200HE series PLC ,whose perfect function and strong reliability, can meet these demands at present. Moreover, input and output devices are needed in elevator control system, besides the PLC, systems major control device. Part of signal hookups of the elevator electric co
20、ntrol system is shown in Fig.2. The control cabinet is the control center, from which we can send out various control commands. The control cabinet often was installed in the elevator room .The electric devices and signal systems, for example the contactors, relays, capacitances, resistors, rectifie
21、rs and transformers etc., are centralized in the control cabinet. The Power of the control cabinet was imported from the chief power of the elevator room. This power was also introduced into control panel by soft cables and was linked with each control buttons. The power lines which was derived from
22、 control cabinet was delivered to tow electric motors. Others control lines and signal lines were separately sent to each floor junction. Program design The design includes two parts: hardware and software.The hardware design is the base of software. Considering that the control demands are relative
23、ly complex, we design the programs separately according to the control function. Furthermore, we follow the principle as follows: When the elevator is ascending, the ascending demands are prior to other demands; When the elevator is descending, the descending demands are prior to other demands. The
24、Sequential Function Chart (SFC) is adopted during the boxes to form elevators executive circuitry design. It is a method specially used in industrial sequential control. The SFC method can describe the systems working procedure in great detail. For example there is a three layers intelligence buildi
25、ng. A subprogram, the calling from the third floor as elevator in the first floor, is shown in Fig. 3 with SFC. When all SFC are drawn and I/O address lists are presented, we can convert the SFC to Ladder Diagram (LD).Considering the strict demands for time and for locked each other ,we introduce wo
26、rking bits to remember working steps. We should write out the working bits control program, which can link together each step and make the previous step as the next step restriction condition. Thus the actual outputs are the logic combination of these working steps. . Conclusion The system program h
27、as been debugged completely at present. Simulated experiment enunciates that the design method is viable. Application of PLC in the elevator control system is an effective method. It can make the personnel of the industry management center to long-distance monitor and control the elevator in control
28、 center, to connect the elevator control system with intelligence building industry management system by Ethernet or special-purpose network such as Lon Works. The elevator working state can also be timely watched. These not only can realize scientific centralized management of the elevator, but als
29、o can lower the elevator maintenance costs etc. It is one of the developing direction of intelligence building elevator control system.References1Liang jianqi , Duan zhengang,and He wei .Communication Implementation of PLC-Based Elevator Remote Monitoring System (in Chinese)J Journal of Beijing Tech
30、nology and Business University 2003,21(2):18-21 2Ma Hongqian ,Zhang Xin .Application of PLC in Higher Building Elevator Control System (in Chinese)JJournal of Liaoning Higher Vocational Technical Institute 2002,4(5): 86-88. 3Cui Guangyuan. The Application of PLC to Elevator Control. (in Chinese)JJou
31、rnal of Dongbei Electrical Power Technology 2003,(7): 50-52. Author BiographiesThe first author is currently working as a teacher in Taiyuan University of Technology. Her current research interests include signal processing, intelligence control etc. The second author is currently working as a teach
32、er in Taiyuan University of science and Technology. Her current research interests include telecommunication, intelligence control etc. 附录B 外 文 翻 译PLC在智能建筑电梯控制系统中的应用摘要：本文主要讨论了智能建筑系统的一个子系统：电梯控制系统。PLC具有强抗干抗能力等优点使得电梯工业一次又一次的将PLC应用于电梯控制系统，以取代传统的使用继电器控制电梯系统。PLC在电梯控制系统应用，降低了故障率，并有效地提高了电梯运行的可靠性与安全性。系统的结构简单
33、、紧凑.电梯控制系统的工作原理是：首先将使用者的输入命令发送到PLC中，然后PLC根据系统的要求，发出控制信号以驱动外围设备，电梯就可以进行相应的动作了。本文选择omron（欧姆龙）公司的C200HE系列的PLC ，介绍了电梯控制系统的外围接线电路，并解释该控制装置的功能。最后介绍编程，通过模拟实验证明了该方案是切实可行的。它可以使工业管理中心的工作人员在远距离的控制中心就可以实现对电梯的监测和控制，通过以太网或个人专用网络，如Lon Works，将电梯和控制中心连接起来，这样一来电梯的工作状况可以得到及时的监视。这不但实现了电梯的科学集中管理，而且降低电梯维修费用。它是智能建筑电梯控制系统的
34、一个发展方向。关键词：PLC 智能建筑 电梯控制系统 工作原理 程序设计 引言在20世纪80年代，第一座智能大厦在美国竣工，之后智能建筑引起了全世界的关注。随着社会的发展，智能建筑有着不同的含义。早期智能建筑被认为是等同于智能大厦，但是现在智能建筑不仅涉及智能大厦，而且还涉及智能住宅小区。本文主要讨论了智能建筑系统的一个子系统：电梯控制系统。智能住宅区内企业的信息管理系统主要是负责涉及到日常生活的事务，例如监管住宅区内的设备，车辆，处理紧急情况等等.电梯的监管和控制系统对智能住宅区来说也是必须的.如何使人们感到安全，稳定和舒适，以及如何节约能源资源和保护环境等是电梯控制系统的基本要求。PLC可
35、编程控制器是一种常见的工业控制设备，是一种特殊的工业控制计算机，具有完善的功能和简单的框架。PLC具有强抗干抗能力等优点，使得电梯工业一次又一次将PLC应用于电梯控制系统，以取代传统的使用继电器控制电梯系统。PLC在电梯控制系统应用，降低了故障率，并有效地提高了电梯运行的可靠性与安全性。本文主要论述了电梯控制系统的工作原理，系统的软件和硬件实现方法等。II 电梯控制系统的工作原理电梯控制系统的硬件结构图如图1所示图1电机控制系统硬件结构图电梯控制系统工作原理说明如下：首先将使用者现场的输入信息发送到PLC中，然后PLC控制装置通过系统要求发出信号以驱动外围设备，然后电梯根据控制要求执行相应的动
36、作.系统中的速度反馈装置，采用的是测速装置测出电梯运行速度反馈给控制装置，通常安装在曳引电动机的后面，所以该系统是一个反馈控制系统，可提高系统的控制精度。 III 控制系统的硬件设备电梯的PLC控制系统的接口电路不需要设计，我们要做的是将信号，包括梯内外召唤信号，平层监测信号，平层换速信号，开门和关门信号等发送给PLC的数字输入端口。PLC中的直流电源，提供给指示灯。PLC的输出点直接控制传感器，以达到电动正转和反转，停机和转速控制等目的。根据输入/输出点数和用户程序存储器的存储容量我们选择欧姆龙公司生产的C200HE系列PLC。另一方面C200HE系列PLC具有扩展功能，其功能完善，可靠性强
37、，目前已能满足我们的要求。此外，电梯控制系统中除了PLC和主要控制装置外还包括其它的输入和输出装置。 电梯控制系统的部分连接图如图2所示。 控制柜是整个控制系统的核心部分，可以发送各种控制命令，通常安装在电梯室内。电气设备和信号装置，例如，接触器，继电器，电容，电阻，整流器和变压器等，也都安装在控制柜内。控制柜中的电源是由电梯室内的主电源提供。电梯室内的主电源还通过由软电缆做成的导线连接到各个控制按钮。电动机也是由它供电。控制线和信号线分别接至各个楼层。IV 程序设计 设计包括两个部分：硬件和软件。硬件设计是软件设计的基础。考虑到控制的要求相对复杂，我们按照控制功能我将程序分块。些外电梯还必须
38、遵循以下调度原则：当电梯是上行时，任何反方向即下降的按钮呼梯均无效；当电梯下行途中，任何上升的按钮呼梯均无效。顺序功能图SFC在设计过程中被采用，它广泛应用于工业顺序控制。顺序功能图SFC能够详细、直观的描述系统的工作过程。例如一个3层电梯，其中的一个子程序即当电梯在第一层时，第三层有呼叫，其顺序功能图如下图3所示 。当所有的顺序功能图都设计完，I/O地址分配好，我们可以将顺序功能图SFC转化成符号梯形图（LD），考虑到严格到严格的定时时间和互锁，我们采用步来代表工作步骤。我们应当写出各步的控制程序，通过限制条件来控制下一步的运行，结束上一步，这样就可以将各个步连接在一起。因此，实际输出是这些步的逻辑组合。V结论该系统程序目前已完全调试。模拟实验阐述了该方案的设计方法是切实可行的。PLC在电梯控制系统中的应用是一个有效的方法。它可以使工业管理中心的工作人员在远距离的控制中心就可以实现对电梯的监测和控制，通过以太网或个人专用网络，如Lon Works，将电梯和控制中心连接起来，这样一来电梯的工作状况可以得到及时的监视。这不但实现了电梯的科学集中管理，而且降低电梯维修费用。它是智能建筑电梯控制系统的一个发展方向。
