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1、室内游泳池替代消防水池的可行性分析 游泳池是供人们进行比赛、训练、跳水、水球等项目的运动场所，也可作为水上娱乐的设施。游泳池按设要求可分比赛游泳池、训练游泳池、嬉水游泳池等类。以星级一类高层宾馆例，依据国家关星级宾馆相关配套设施的规定，三星级以上的宾馆部分应设游泳池，一般为游泳池或嬉水池。1、 游泳池的给水系统一般分为定期换水、直流供水和供水三种方式。1 1定期换水的供水方式定期换水方式隔一定的时期将池水放空再换入新水，一般每2-3天换一次水，每天应清除底和表面脏物，并投加漂白粉或漂白求精等进行清毒。这种供水方式具的系统简单，投资省，维护管理方便的优点，但因池水质子保证，耗水量较大，次数频繁，
2、目前我国不推荐采用此种供水方式。1 2直流供水方式直流供水是连续向池内补充新水，同时不断从池口和溢流口排走被沾污的池水。为保证水质，每小时的补充水量应为池水容积的15%-20%。且每天应清除池底和水面污物，并用漂粉或漂白精等进行消毒。这种供水方式具的简单，投资省，维护简单等优点，有充足清洁的水源时可采用此种供水方式。1 3循环供水方式循环供水是指设有专用循环净化系统，对池水不间断进循环净化、消毒、加热等处理，可保证池水水质符合国家卫生标准要求。这种供水方式具的运行费用低、耗电量少竺优点，但系统复杂，一次性投资费用较大，维护管理较麻烦。2消防水池水量、水质的要求及补水方式消防水池是政给水、天然水
3、源不能满足消防灭火作战的水量、水压要求时必补救措施。消防水池的水质、水量要求及使用要求：2 1消水池内的水，通常无其他水质要求。只是水杂质不影响消防给水系统的正常供水功能。2. 2消防水池的有效容积应满足一次火灾灭火时间内室内、室外消防用水量的总和。消防水池补水系统的设置应满足在发生火灾时能保证水源连续补水的条件下，可减去火灾延缓时间内连续补充的水量。2.3建筑内消防水池大多设置在地下一层，在该建筑主体未发生火灾时，消防池内的水严禁作其他用途使用，因此，消防水池内有水静置时间较长，在炎热的季节，水质变化较大，易发出难闻的气味，因此，消防水池的水在实际使用过程中需要不定更换，保证建筑环境不受到影
4、响。2. 4依据建筑设计防火规范、高层民用建筑设计防火规范的要求，消防水池的补水时间，不超过48小时。在某些建筑工程中，因消防要求，应设置消防水池，而因建自身的使用功能要求又设有游泳池，能否将游泳池的水量替代或部分替代消防水池的水量或作为补充水源使用而减少建设单位的投资呢？笔者认为，循环供水（有水净化系统）的游泳池是可行的。现将两者作如下分析（以某高级宾馆为例）。3.游泳池替代消防水池的可行性分析3.1游泳池能保证一定容积消防用水量普通室内游泳池的补充水量为池水容积的5-10%，其主要为水面蒸发损失、排污损失、人体在池内济出去水面溢流损失等。循环供水方式的游泳池水量损失小于普通游泳池的水量失。
5、消防水池的水量损失主要为水面蒸发损失、系统不定期维护、测试的水量损失，管网漏水的水量损失，约为消防水池水量的3-5%。困此游泳池容积内的水量可按1：0。9折算成消防用水量是可行的。游泳池的平衡水池或补给水箱可作为补水使用。游泳池的水源为城市自来水时，应设置补给水箱或平衡水池。补给水箱的容积不应小于游泳池的不时补充水量；平衡水池的有效容积不应小于循环水泵的5分钟出水量。但按此要求设置，补给水箱或平衡水池的容积较小，困此，当完全利用游泳池水量替代消防水池水量时，可按消防水量的10-20%设置补给水箱或平衡池作为消防用水的补水使用。当游泳池的小量仅作为消防水池的补水使用时，可不考虑补给水箱或平衡水池
6、在消防中的使用。但游泳池的水量仍按1：0。9折算成消防补水量。消防水池要求其充水时间不大于48小时（主要指火灾发生后至第二次火灾发生前水池的充水时间）游泳池的充水时间要求一般不大于24小时，最长不宜超过48小时（包括池水困突发传染病菌等事故，池水泄空后再次充水所需时间）。3. 2消防用水水质的保证游泳池的水在保证游泳者身体健康的同时，完全能够满足消防用水的水质要求。3.3水池及管网布置游泳池替代消防水池时，其水池及管网的设置必须满足消防技术规范的要求。i. 一个游泳池替代多层建筑内的消防水池时，其容积不大于1000M3；替代高层建筑内的消防水池时，其容积不应大于500M3，否则，不应替代消防水
7、池使用，仅可作为补充水源使用。ii. 供消防车取水的游泳池应设置取水口或取水井。iii. 替代消防水池或作补充消防水源的游泳、平衡水池、补给水箱内的水量应满足消防用水的要求、不作他用。iv. 游泳池、消防水泵、具有消防补水作用的平衡水池、补给水箱之间的管网边接应满足消防水池管网的设置要求。同一个空间内的多个游泳池间采用不少两条 100MM管道连接时可互为补水。4. 举例某高级宾馆的自然情况：该建筑分1#主体与2#主体建筑两部分，2#主体建筑为新建，两者利用封闭廊相通。该建筑为一类高层宾馆建筑。建筑高度小于50M，设有室内墙壁消火栓给水系统、自动喷水灭火系统、室外地下消火栓给水系统。S总=S1+
8、S2+S3S总该建筑消防用水总量；S1室内墙壁消火栓系统水量；S2室外地下消火栓系统水量；依据高层民用建筑设计防火规范第7.2.2条要求，S总=（30+30-5-5）x3x3600+20x1x3600=612M3该宾馆2#主体建筑设计中设有412M3的游泳池，及25M3平衡水箱，采循环供水方式且设有水净化系统。1#主体建筑地下原有150M3消防水箱，如按上述原则，该建筑利用游泳池替消防水池应怎样设置呢？笔者认为：A、 游泳池水量按1：0。9折算412X0。9=370。8M3B、 原有1#建筑内地下消防水箱150M3C、 平衡水箱25M3 合计为545。8M3现有水理不满足612M3的要求，因此
9、，增大平衡水箱的容积，改为91。2M3，则现有水量完全可满足现行，高层民用建筑设计防火规范的室内、外消防用水要求。 因此，笔者认为，充分利用建筑内游泳池替代消防水池是完全可行的，同时，解决了建筑单位重复资金投入的问题。 Editors note: Judson Jones is a meteorologist, journalist and photographer. He has freelanced with CNN for four years, covering severe weather from tornadoes to typhoons. Follow him on Twitt
10、er: jnjonesjr (CNN) - I will always wonder what it was like to huddle around a shortwave radio and through the crackling static from space hear the faint beeps of the worlds first satellite - Sputnik. I also missed watching Neil Armstrong step foot on the moon and the first space shuttle take off fo
11、r the stars. Those events were way before my time.As a kid, I was fascinated with what goes on in the sky, and when NASA pulled the plug on the shuttle program I was heartbroken. Yet the privatized space race has renewed my childhood dreams to reach for the stars.As a meteorologist, Ive still seen m
12、any important weather and space events, but right now, if you were sitting next to me, youd hear my foot tapping rapidly under my desk. Im anxious for the next one: a space capsule hanging from a crane in the New Mexico desert.Its like the set for a George Lucas movie floating to the edge of space.Y
13、ou and I will have the chance to watch a man take a leap into an unimaginable free fall from the edge of space - live.The (lack of) air up there Watch man jump from 96,000 feet Tuesday, I sat at work glued to the live stream of the Red Bull Stratos Mission. I watched the balloons positioned at diffe
14、rent altitudes in the sky to test the winds, knowing that if they would just line up in a vertical straight line we would be go for launch.I feel this mission was created for me because I am also a journalist and a photographer, but above all I live for taking a leap of faith - the feeling of pushin
15、g the envelope into uncharted territory.The guy who is going to do this, Felix Baumgartner, must have that same feeling, at a level I will never reach. However, it did not stop me from feeling his pain when a gust of swirling wind kicked up and twisted the partially filled balloon that would take hi
16、m to the upper end of our atmosphere. As soon as the 40-acre balloon, with skin no thicker than a dry cleaning bag, scraped the ground I knew it was over.How claustrophobia almost grounded supersonic skydiverWith each twist, you could see the wrinkles of disappointment on the face of the current rec
17、ord holder and capcom (capsule communications), Col. Joe Kittinger. He hung his head low in mission control as he told Baumgartner the disappointing news: Mission aborted.The supersonic descent could happen as early as Sunday.The weather plays an important role in this mission. Starting at the groun
18、d, conditions have to be very calm - winds less than 2 mph, with no precipitation or humidity and limited cloud cover. The balloon, with capsule attached, will move through the lower level of the atmosphere (the troposphere) where our day-to-day weather lives. It will climb higher than the tip of Mo
19、unt Everest (5.5 miles/8.85 kilometers), drifting even higher than the cruising altitude of commercial airliners (5.6 miles/9.17 kilometers) and into the stratosphere. As he crosses the boundary layer (called the tropopause), he can expect a lot of turbulence.The balloon will slowly drift to the edg
20、e of space at 120,000 feet (22.7 miles/36.53 kilometers). Here, Fearless Felix will unclip. He will roll back the door.Then, I would assume, he will slowly step out onto something resembling an Olympic diving platform.Below, the Earth becomes the concrete bottom of a swimming pool that he wants to l
21、and on, but not too hard. Still, hell be traveling fast, so despite the distance, it will not be like diving into the deep end of a pool. It will be like he is diving into the shallow end.Skydiver preps for the big jumpWhen he jumps, he is expected to reach the speed of sound - 690 mph (1,110 kph) -
22、 in less than 40 seconds. Like hitting the top of the water, he will begin to slow as he approaches the more dense air closer to Earth. But this will not be enough to stop him completely.If he goes too fast or spins out of control, he has a stabilization parachute that can be deployed to slow him do
23、wn. His team hopes its not needed. Instead, he plans to deploy his 270-square-foot (25-square-meter) main chute at an altitude of around 5,000 feet (1,524 meters).In order to deploy this chute successfully, he will have to slow to 172 mph (277 kph). He will have a reserve parachute that will open au
24、tomatically if he loses consciousness at mach speeds.Even if everything goes as planned, it wont. Baumgartner still will free fall at a speed that would cause you and me to pass out, and no parachute is guaranteed to work higher than 25,000 feet (7,620 meters).It might not be the moon, but Kittinger free fell from 102,800 feet in 1960 - at the dawn of an infamous space race that captured the hearts of many. Baumgartner will attempt to break that record, a feat that boggles the mind. This is one of those monumental moments I will always remember, because there is no way Id miss this.
