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1、中学英语教学中教师的角色The Role a Teacher Playing in Middle School English TeachingContentsAbstract.1Key words.1. Introduction.1.Research aims and reasons.2.Different views at home and aboard.43.1 Traditional teachers role at aboard.43.2 Teachers role at aboard, nowadays.43.3 Traditional teachers role at home.
2、43.4 Teachers role at home, nowadays.53.4.1 Designer.53.4.2 Instructor and Information Source.53.4.3 Organizer and governor.53.4.4 Colleague.63.4.5 Aid.63.4.6 Introspect and Researchers63.5 Teachers role in web-based English teaching and learning63.6 My view.7. Possible solutions.94.1 Five suggestio
3、ns.94.2Additional problems to be paid attention to.11. Conclusion.13References.13摘要： 教师的基本职业主要限于阐明事理和传授知识，监督学生，师生之间是直接的传递和接受关系，师生关系的单一性与教师角色的单一性之间是一致的。然而在当代，虽然教师作为文化传承的执行者的基本职能并没有改变，但他却不再像以往那样直接以权威的身份授予学生以学习的经验，而是通过更加间接的方式实现文化传递的职能，他往往以各种方式调动和引导学生参与活动，引导学生在经过精心设计的情境中进行探索，师生之间已不再是单一的授受关系，同时可能是同伴关系，组织
4、者与参与者的关系，以及帮助参与被帮助的关系等，教师的角色也相应地向多重性变化。关键词：单一性 调动 引导 角色 多重性Abstract: The basic occupation of a teacher was limited to clarify the matter and inspect students. The relationship between teachers and students is the one between delivers and the acceptors; and the oneness of teachers role is consistent.
5、 However, although function of teachers as the role of performance that spreads culture does not change, he no longer gives knowledge to the students by direct authority, but in the more direct way to carry out delivery of the culture. He usually motivates and guides students to participate activiti
6、es in various ways, guides students to explore the questions in meticulously designed environment. Teachers and students are no longer likely to be companion relationship between the organizers and the participants. The Teachers role is also mutually changed from the preface ground to development of
7、 diversity. Key words: oneness, motivate, guide, role, diversify.IntroductionTeachers must be aware of the challenges that they are facing. They must know that they live in an age with information explosion almost everyday. They should know that their students are different from what they used to be
8、, because new technologies make the students have easy access to what is happening in this world and messages hit them from all sides. Moral questions raised by the new life style have to be worked out, not by just giving a simple Yes or No answer. Thus, many factors, which used to be irrelevant to
9、classroom teachers, now, have to be considered by them. Teachers have to change in order to suit the new situation. Thus, it is necessary to discuss the question of teachers role in China.Generally speaking, the teachers role has changed from the transmitter of knowledge, skills and culture, being a
10、 model” to that of facilitator and manager of learning in the classroom and beyond, counselor, innovator, developer, researcher, etc.” (Chen, 1993) and this definitely includes English teachers in China because we all know that teachers play a key role in education as well as in society, since they
11、shape the thoughts and mold the character of future generations. So, in this transition era, what the teachers role will be and what they should do in order to play their role well become questions that all teachers should ask and be able to answer.But currently, the picture of education in China is
12、 not that rosy, for most teachers in China are still playing a role in somewhat the traditional sense. They are supposed to know everything. No good students should challenge their teachers. Teachers motivate the emotion when they lecture. I would think this is why we seldom see learner-centered app
13、roaches being adopted in our classes. While these problems exist in some cases, it is also encouraging that some teachers have already realized that this kind of teaching does not enrich knowledge of the students and would not enlarge students scope; the students are calling for solutions to these p
14、roblems. As an English language teacher, we have been pondering on the new role of English Language Teaching. It is the reason why I written this paper. Research reasonsFor a long time, when teachers educate students, they all use a simple method to instill into knowledge, teachers played a dignifie
15、d role to command what students can do and what not do. Students have no their own idea to think, in a word, a teacher is teacher, a student is student. There is not advantage for students to develop their ability they also cannot temper themselves, and gradually students loose their creative and im
16、aginative power. So, a teacher should not only be a teacher to his students, but a friend, they should make a good relationship with students and solve problems with them. For the most time, teachers should let students discover and solve problems by themselves.As a language subject, the final purpo
17、se of English teaching is to cultivate students competence of using English. So communication is the main activity in English class. But in traditional English teaching, students learning is only based on the output from teachers, the input to students and their interaction. Communication is almost
18、impossible under such circumstances. Even if there is so-called communication, it is always prearranged and meaningless.As a Middle school English teacher, you must know clearly what role you play in the teaching. Its a duty to make sure how to play a role in English teaching, because when you know
19、the role you play in teaching, then you can have an explicit way of thinking to teach your students in the teaching and guiding your students; also only when you explicit your own role, then you can teach the students well. As a teacher-training English major students, well be a teacher in future, i
20、t is a duty to make sure how to play a role in English teaching, no matter you are teacher or youll be teacher, you should do and require yourselves as a teacher, only doing like this, can you help finish the duty of a teacher. Its just the reason I write this paper.Through this paper, I want to dis
21、cuss in brief as a Middle school teacher how to play roles in English teaching, how to consider these roles and how to carry out. Moreover, through the treatise in the text to inspire how to consider the problem concerning teachers role, and to find the shortage of teachers role nowadays. These are
22、not only the contents of my thesis, but also the purpose that I write the thesis.How to regard the role of a teacher playing in the classroom teaching is the key to check and supervise teachers teaching and the teaching behavior. According to traditional idea, teacher was often compared as “gardener
23、”, “the engineer of mankinds soul”, “stairs”, “and candle” by the people. Also it thought that teacher is “teach-book-smith”, “childs king”, “cat”, “and police”. Etc., all these separable images emerged the peoples different comprehension vividly. But, these different comprehensions also make people
24、 feel perplexed. What is the teachers role actually in the classroom teaching? There is dissimilarity nation in different ages to the educators, which is always investigated and considered.Therefore, it is necessary for us to inquiry into what is the teachers role in teaching. This is actually a ver
25、y meaningful study on education. To clear up this problem, it is not only advantageous to the students character but also it raises teachers themselves, and then raise the students character, in the end, the nation is to be subjected to the benefit. Only when the teachers understand how to teach wel
26、l, can the students know their exertive ability. Its just the time for students to use the knowledge and to be a real ridgepole and pillars for our country. Different views at home and aboard There are some different views at home and aboard about teachers role, such as “organizer”, “designer”, “gui
27、der” and so on. Although there are many opinions about it, still a lot in common. 3.1 Traditional teachers role aboard in the past profoundJust as Huang Puquan (2003:18) suggests in his book the teachers role aboard in tradition is taken shape in a long development of education history, and restrict
28、ed by the autocracy and centralization of state power system of government. Teachers perform two roles: the first is that teacher with the knowledge is the key in terms of both the target language and the choice of methodology; the second role is that as am activity organizer, the teacher sets up an
29、d steers learning activities and provides authoritative feedback on students performance. If the students needs are neglected, teaching would become blind. What the students can do in traditional mode of teaching is to perform under the teachers wishes, and learning becomes passive and mechanical. I
30、t is investigated that the traditional teachers role is largely affected by the religion and the customs of a society.3.2 Teachers role aboard, nowadays.Nowadays, the role of a teacher is changed. Abroad, it is said gave a new concept from the society point of view; such as guider, organizer and so
31、on. In resent times, teachers are defined a new concept, teacher is not only the people who teach the student knowledge but guide the students study on their own; teacher should be the person to develop students creative ability; the responsibly of a teacher is not only to teach knowledge but to tea
32、ch them how to study; the teacher should teach students in accordance with their aptitude.3.3 Traditional teachers role at homeThe teacher, from the very beginning to the end, dominates the traditional language classroom. In other words, the process of teaching and learning is teacher-centered. The
33、teacher performs two roles; “The first is that of knowerthe teacher is a figure of authority who decides on what should be learned and how this should be learned. The second role activities organizerthe teacher sets up and steers learning activities and provides authoritative feedback on students pe
34、rformance.”(Lan Tudor, 1993) In this sense, the students needs are neglected and teaching becomes blind. What the students can do in traditional mode of teaching is to perform under the teachers wishes, and learning becomes passive and mechanical.3.4 Teachers role at home, nowadays.Educator Zhang Da
35、jun (2001:320) said that a teacher should take the following important role in teaching:3.4.1 “Designer”. Teacher as the designer of the teaching should answer three questions: 1. what is the teaching target? 2. What kind of the teaching strategy and the teaching method should choose? 3. What test w
36、ay to choose? The teacher is an “engineer” in teaching process. Teachers are wanted to analyze teaching material, clean his own logic way of thinking; its the role of a traditional teachers own. The teacher as the designer of the teaching needs to consider more factors about students, in the foundat
37、ion of comprehending and using various teaching strategy and flexible principles. Aiming at the students characteristic, particular contents of course etc. to establish certain environment for the students. There are some interactions of various society in the teaching, including the interaction bet
38、ween students, (such as solve the cooperation problem), and design contents of course, medium, interaction between object- A teacher should choose the instructional media of the accommodation to carry on the homologous design to exertive advantage of various medium, which can suppose study to let st
39、udents themselves discover the new information. 3.4.2 “Instructor and Information Source”. Instructor or the guidance member. We cant neglect the teachers leading functions at any time, explaining in detail; especially it is indispensable to junior school students forever. Teachers as information so
40、urce contain two meanings: one is a project that advises the teacher to follow his design to provide the certain information activity to the students. The other is that a student requests the certain information from the teacher while he is investigating the certain scenario problem.3.4.3 “Organizer
41、 and governor. Through different teacher to the degree dissimilarity that the classroom controls, marinating the certain teaching order is a premise that carries on the teaching. Through different teacher to the degree dissimilarity that the classroom controls, marinating the certain teaching order
42、is a premise that carries on the teaching. The teacher wants to stir up students motive, carrying on the class management, organizing the classroom teaching, handing the teaching in the occasional event to origins the student to attend the athletics sport to prepare for examination, record the resul
43、t of their performance the students and the function after parents.3.4.4 “Colleague”. The teacher is not only the governor of the teaching, and can be the students companion, promote students study.On one hand, a relation that builds up the amity in harmony is the advantage to strengthen the educati
44、onal power. The teacher should be good at the observation and comprehension to the students, even should study the students, understand their demand, study the character characteristic, and understand students learning process. On the other hand, the teacher sometimes should also, with the equal sta
45、tus, discuss and cooperate with the students and solve problems together.3.4.5 “Aid”. When the students meet difficult, the teacher should provide the help and guide to make the students continue the progress of the study and the investigation.3.4.6 “Introspect and Researchers.The teacher should car
46、ry on introspecting and evaluating to his own teaching constantly, raise the problem to the detection of his own education activity, and put forward the project of the improvement. Moreover, the teacher should on observing mutually, analysis with the students, discuss exchanges, help the other party to discover the problem and raise the teaching level. And the teacher wants to be the researcher in the teaching and study can take on certain theories as the foundation, to solve various problems nimbly in the teaching.3.5 Teachers role in web-based English teaching and learningWith the approa
