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1、Then,Its time to witness a miracle,What are you dreaming about?,There are something you dont like or even hate,what are they?,I can help you realize your dream or eliminate that you dislike!,John Bunyan(1628 1688),Life ExperienceReligious beliefHis Main worksHis writing style,Life Experience,1628 bo
2、rn in a poor family whose father is a tinker(补锅匠)1635 receiving education at his fathers house and later with other country boys at local school.1640 choosing a job like his father by adopting the trade of tinker1644 joining the parlimentary army during the revolution time and become a preacher1660
3、thrown into jail for preaching without the permission from the Established Church.While he was in jail for the second time,he started his most famous work The Pilgrims Progress.1678 The Pilgrims Progress was published1688 died of a bad fever.,Bunyans birthplace,His marriage to his Christian wife led
4、 him to the Lord.While still in his teens he married a girl as poor as himself.The only dowry which the girl brought to her new home was two old,worn books.Bunyan read these books,which instantly gave fire to his imagination.,Religious belief,It is difficult to tell exactly when Bunyan was converted
5、.In 1653 Bunyan renounced(与断绝关系)the church of England and joined the church of John Gifford（puritan）where he was re-baptized(洗礼),and began to learn to preach.,With the return of King Charles II from exile in 1660,Bunyan was arrested for preaching(because the Church of England was once again the stat
6、e church)and jailed.In 1675 he was arrested again,then in jail he began The Pilgrims Progress.,Bedford Jail(贝德福德),Pilgrims Progress 天路历程,The second best-seller in Christianity the most successful religious allegory.It is written in prose,Plot Overview,The narrator defends the story he is about to te
7、ll,which is framed as a dream.He explains that he fell asleep in the wilderness and dreamed of a man named Christian,who was tormented by spiritual anguish.A spiritual guide named Evangelist(福音传道者)visits Christian and urges him to leave the City of Destruction(毁灭城).Evangelist claims that salvation c
8、an only be found in the Celestial City（天国）,known as Mount Zion（锡安山,耶路撒冷Jerusalem/deru:slm/)，Christian begs his family to accompany him,unsuccessfully.,The Pilgrims Progress,The City of Destruction毁灭城The Celestial City天国The Slough of Despond绝望泥潭The valley of Humiliation屈辱谷The River of Death 死亡河The Do
9、ubting Castle猜忌城The Vanity Fair名利场,He complies with Christian doctrines and seeks salvation through constant struggles with their own weakness and all kinds of social evils.,Vanity Fair of The Pilgrims Progress,“Vanity Fair”is a remarkable passage.It is an epitome(缩影)of the English society after the
10、 Restoration.Everything can be sold or bought in this fair and the persecution of Christian and Faithful is described.Predominent（主要的）metaphor:life as a journey.,Vanity Fair(1847-1848):A novel by the English author William Makepeace Thackeray.,-Then I saw in my dream,that when they were got out of t
11、he wilderness,they presently saw a town before them,and the name of that town is Vanity;and at the town there is a fair kept,called Vanity Fair:it is kept all the year long.It beareth(bears)the name of Vanity Fair because the town where it is kept is lighter than vanity;and,also because all that is
12、there sold,or that cometh thither,is vanity.As is the saying of the wise,all that cometh is vanity.“,这时我在梦中看见他们走出旷野，他们走了不久就看见前面有一个市镇，它名叫浮华，镇上有个市集叫做浮华市集。那个市集终年不散。它所以名叫浮华市集，是因为那市镇比浮华还要轻浮，还因为那儿买卖的东西没有一件不是浮华的。就像哲人所说的，“所要来的都是虚空。”,-at this fair are all such merchandise sold,as houses,lands,trades,places,h
13、onors,preferments,titles,countries,kingdoms,lusts,pleasures,and delights of all sorts,as whores,bawds,wives,husbands,children,masters,servants,lives,blood,bodies,souls,silver,gold,pearls,precious stones,and what not.And,moreover,at this fair there is at all times to be seen juggling cheats,games,pla
14、ys,fools,apes,knaves,and rogues,and that of every kind.-,因此市集上卖的尽是这样的东西：房子、地皮、职业、位置、荣誉、升迁、爵位、国家、王国、欲望、快乐以及各种享受，如娼妓、鸨母、丈夫、儿女、主人、奴仆、生命、鲜血、肉体、灵魂、金银、珍珠、宝石等等。并且在市集上随时都可以看见变戏法的、骗子、斗技、赌博、小丑、仿效人的人、无赖、恶棍等无所不有。,when one asked them what they would buy,they said they would buy the truth.But they that were appoi
15、nted to examine them did not believe them to be any other than bedlams and mad,or else such as came to put all things into a confusion in the fair.Therefore they took them and beat them,and besmeared bismi them with dirt,and then put them into the cage,that they might be made a spectacle to all the
16、men of the fair.,有一个人看见他们的样子，偶然嘲笑地对他们说，你们要买什么？可是他们严肃地望着他说，我们“买真理。”这一来 人家更有理由轻视他们了，有的嘲弄，有的侮辱，有的责骂，有的叫别人殴打他们。最后市集上起了一阵哄闹和大骚动，甚至秩序完全混乱了,brought to trialThe judges name is Lord Hate-good.(仇善)Witnesses:Envy,Superstition,Pickthank(谄媚)The juries:Mr.Blind-man,Mr.No-good,Mr.Malice,Mr.Love-lust,Mr.Live-loose,
17、Mr.Heady,Mr.High-mind,Mr.Enmity,Mr.Liar,Mr.Cruelty,Mr.Hate-light,and Mr.Implacable;,陪审委员团委员盲目先生、无用先生、恶意先生、纵欲先生、放荡先生、任性先生、傲慢先生、敌意先生、说谎先生、残暴先生、恨光明先生和执拗先生都走了出去。他们个个都评判他有罪，后来全体一致决定在法官面前评定他有罪。,They therefore brought him out,to do with him according to their law;and,first,they scourged him,then they buffe
18、ted him,then they lanced his flesh with knives;after that,they stoned him with stones,then pricked him with their swords;and,last of all,they burned him to ashes at the stake.Thus came Faithful to his end.,Hopeful,Analysis of the book:,1.The Pilgrims Progress is written in the old-fashioned medieval
19、 form of allegory and dream.The traveler,named Christian,represents every Christian in human world.The figures and places Christian encounters on his journey stand for the various experiences every Christian must go through in the quest for salvation.,2.As a religious allegory,this book expresses a
20、major theme relating to spiritual salvation for mankind.Christian,the protagonist,is an ordinary everyman:he has a home,a wife,children,friends and relatives.But he also has a burden,which is his sin that he carries with him everywhere.From the book he takes with him(the Bible),he learns that he can
21、 be freed from his burden.But he must forsake everything and follow the path through the Wicket Gate指装在大门上成为大门的一部分或设于大门旁边的小门 toward the Celestial City.,The first theme：that the cost of salvation is great,is expressed when Christian abandons his family because they neither believe him nor support him
22、.The second theme：is that the road to salvation is difficult and lonely.Christian must fight off villains and despair,loneliness and evil.He must always take the difficult paths and never take shortcuts which involve snares.(圈套，陷阱)The third theme：is that man must earn every bit of his salvation;grac
23、e alone is not enough.The fourth theme：is that salvation is attainable by all who seek it.,Ideal&Belief理想与信念,昨夜西风凋碧树，独上高楼，望尽天涯路。（晏殊蝶恋花）Stage One:Aim high,fully aware of the long way ahead.衣带渐宽终不悔，为伊消得人憔悴。（柳咏凤栖梧）Stage Two:Work doggedly hard,till exhaustion at times.众里寻他千百度，蓦然回首，那人却在灯火阑珊处。（辛弃疾青玉案-元夕）S
24、tage Three:Things suddenly click-and a whole new world dawns on you!,Let life be beautiful like summer flowers and death like autumn leaves.死如秋叶般静美，那定使生如夏花般绚烂！,生命，一次又一次轻薄过 轻狂不知疲倦题记,一 我听见回声，来自山谷和心间 以寂寞的镰刀收割空旷的灵魂 不断地重复决绝，又重复幸福 终有绿洲摇曳在沙漠 我相信自己 生来如同璀璨的夏日之花 不凋不败，妖治如火 承受心跳的负荷和呼吸的累赘 乐此不疲,二,我听见音乐，来自月光和胴体 辅极
25、端的诱饵捕获飘渺的唯美 一生充盈着激烈，又充盈着纯然 总有回忆贯穿于世间 我相信自己 死时如同静美的秋日落叶 不盛不乱，姿态如烟 即便枯萎也保留丰肌清骨的傲然 玄之又玄,三 我听见爱情，我相信爱情 爱情是一潭挣扎的蓝藻 如同一阵凄微的风 穿过我失血的静脉 驻守岁月的信念,四 我相信一切能够听见 甚至预见离散，遇见另一个自己 而有些瞬间无法把握 任凭东走西顾，逝去的必然不返 请看我头置簪花，一路走来一路盛开 频频遗漏一些，又深陷风霜雨雪的感动,五 般若波罗蜜，一声一声 生如夏花，死如秋叶 还在乎拥有什么 1,Symbolism,Pilgrims journey-life as a journey
26、.Pilgrims-common peopleA Christians salvation-the progress of the common people wanting to get rid of the agony and anxiety,and in searching of eternal worldly happiness.,Stage One:Aim high,fully aware of the long way ahead.Stage Two:Work doggedly hard,till exhaustion at times.Stage Three:Things sud
27、denly click-and a whole new world dawns on you!Those who want to make great achievements,to be great pundits must experience three(mental)states:1.Green trees were withered up by zephyr last night.Ascending the tower,I found many ways out.2.Languishing for you and becoming emaciated,I would never re
28、pent.3.For a thousand times,I failed to locate you in the crowd.Suddenly,you turned your head and stood where sparse and somber lights were shed.,槛菊愁烟兰泣露，罗幕轻寒，燕子双飞去。明月不谙离恨苦，斜光到晓穿朱户。昨夜西风凋碧树，独上高楼，望见天涯路。欲寄彩笺兼尺素，山长水阔知何处？,凤栖梧 柳永,伫立危楼风细细，望极春愁，黯黯生天际。草色烟光残照里，无言谁会凭栏意？拟把疏狂图一醉，对酒当歌，强乐还无味。衣带渐宽终不悔，为伊消得人憔悴。,青玉案 元
29、夕 辛弃疾,东风夜放花千树，更吹落、星如雨。宝马雕车香满路。凤箫声动，玉壶光转，一夜鱼龙舞。蛾儿雪柳黄金缕，笑语盈盈暗香去。众里寻他千百度。蓦然回首，那人却在，灯火阑珊处。,3.Though an allegory,its characters impress the reader like real persons.The places that Bunyan paints in words are English scenes and the conversations which enliven his narrative vividly repeat the language of h
30、is time.Bunyan describes,in the peoples homely yet powerful language,the spiritual sufferance of the poor people at a time of great changes,and their aspiration for the land that floweth with milk and honey,where they have no want of corn and wine.There,he writes,you shall not see again such things
31、as sorrow,sickness,affliction 苦恼,and death.His hatred for the injustice of laws,trials and magistrates finds full expression in his famous description of Vanity Fair.,4.Bunyans prose is admirable.It is popular speech ennobled by the solemn dignity and simplicity of the language of the English Bible.
32、Spensers allegory The Faerie Queene appears ornate when compared with Bunyan.,The Pilgrims Progress,literary genre:the most successful religious allegory.Theme:(main theme)the assertion of his religious views.(subtheme)satires at the vice and ills of the English society he lived in.,Style,simple and daily used expressions.biblical language.revealing his ideas in a direct and straightforward way.,Bunyan cherished a deep hatred of both the king and his government.He saw and detested the injustice of laws,trials and magistrates,between whom and his saints there was a perpetual war.,
