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1、1,听力专项训练,短对话,2,Part One 地点方向类短对话,常见场景 1.学校场景课程分类：Optional course 选修课 Required course 必修课 Day course Evening course 经常出现的科目或专业:Chinese English Mathematic History Chemistry Literature文学考试：Final exam middle exam 期中考试 make up 补考 test测验 quiz 测验 oral test 口试考试临近：draw on/in sight of/draw nearly 考试延期或取消：del
2、ay/be off/defer/hold up/postpone/put off/suspend,3,图书馆：lend/borrow/check out借书reference book 参考书 renew续借 fine 罚金 overdue过期 return还书 due 到期的 latest issue 最新一期 attend/have a lecture 上课 cut a class 逃课 miss a class 错过了课 scholarship奖学金 assistantship 助教奖学金 teaching assistant 助教 research assistant 助研 semes
3、ter 学期credit system学分制 diploma 文凭 certificate 证书 tuition 学费,4,2.交通运输场景fare 车票 license 驾照 rush hours 高峰时间 traffic jam 交通堵塞 overtake 超车 one way street 单行道 over speed 超速 ticket 罚单 fine 罚金 free way 免费高速公路 fast way/express way/high way 高速公路 motor way 机动车道 bicycle lane 非机动车道 tunnel/channel 隧道 ring road 环线
4、 subway（美）/underground（英）地铁 metro 地道 overhead 轻轨 flyover/overhead bridge人行天桥 take a taxi 乘出租车 call a taxi 招出租车/订出租车 catch a train/bus conductor 列车员 platform 站台,5,3.电话场景,mobile phone 手机 pay phone 公用电话 telephone box/booth 电话亭 yellow page 黄页dial（拨电话号码）/press（按电话号码）extension 分机 operator 总机接线员put through
5、 接通 wrong number/there is no one by this name 电话号码错了/没有这个人is not in 不在？hold on 不要挂断，稍等 take/leave a message 留言 hang up/get off 挂断credit call 记账式电话 toll-free phone 免费电话 collect call 对方付费电话,6,4.机场场景,plane/craft/flight飞机 book订票 timetable时间表 destination目的地 one way ticket 单程票 round trip ticket 来回票 non-st
6、op/direct flight 直航 see off 送行transfer/lay over/stop over 转机 first/business/economy cabin 头等/商务/经济 舱confirm the flight 确认航班 check in 登记 boarding card 登机牌 security check 安检keep in touch保持联系 safe landing安全着陆 board登机 take off起飞 departure离港 safety/sect belt 安全带 land 着陆 arrival 进港 pick up 接机,7,5.公司场景,job
7、 vacancy 有空缺职位 letter of application 求职信 resume basic/personal info.基本信息/个人资料 academic background 教育背景 work experiencecertificates and honors证书和荣誉 interview 面试 offer 聘用信 work overtime 加班ask for a raise 加钱 wage 周薪 salary 日薪 bonus奖金 allowance 津贴promotion 升职annual income 年收入 fire 解雇 resign 辞职 retire 退休
8、 laid-off 下岗 work/job/career/course 工作 post/position/vocation/title 职务 假期休息的说法（依次是从大到小）：holiday 假日 vacation 休假 annual leave 年假 sick leave 病假 rest 休息 break 指喝杯茶、喝杯咖啡的休息 公司职位从大到小：chairman of the board/president-general managermanager department managerhead officer specialist（专员）-clerk,8,6.租房场景,live on
9、 campus 住校 live off campus 住校外 for sale 可销售的房子 for rent/lease 可出租的房子 to let 同上 rent 租金 utilities 公用事业费 location 位置 unfurnished 无装修suburb/downtown 市郊/市中心 condition 住房条件 furnished 配家具 leaking 漏水blackout 断电 environment 环境 transportation 交通 land lord 房东 land lady 房东太太tenant 房客 roommate 室友 好的室友：neat 整洁的
10、considerate 体贴的，细心的不好的室友：messy/untidy 脏乱的 noisy 吵闹的,9,7.医院场景,see a doctor 去医院看病 send for a doctor 让医生出诊 health center/clinic卫生所/门诊部physician 内科医生 surgeon 外科医生 dentist 牙医 make an appointment 预约emergency 急诊 check up/exam 检查 cold感冒 flu流感 headache头痛 sore throat嗓子痛 fever发烧toothache牙疼 stomachache 胃疼 presc
11、ribe 开药方operation 手术pill/tablet 药片 liquid 喝药水 injection 注射 medical result 诊断结果 intravenous drip 打点滴,10,8.宾馆场景,make a reservation 预订房间 confirm a reservation 确认预订 cancel a reservation 取消预订fully booked/full up/full 客满 porter 行李员 tips小费 reception前台 check in登记入住single room 单人房 double room 一张大床的双人房 twin r
12、oom 两张单人床的双人房suite 套房 bathroom/toilet/W.C/closet/restroom 厕所 room service 客房服务 lounge 男士用休息区 lobby 大堂 business center 商务中心 salon 美容厅 ball 舞厅 bar 酒吧 night club 夜总会 check out 退房,11,9.邮局场景,post/send/mail寄 postage 邮资 registered mail 挂号信 regular mail 平信 airmail 航空信parcel/package 包裹 telegram/cable 电报 rate
13、 费率 overweight 超重 postage 邮资email 电子邮件 reply 回复 forward a mail转发 subject 主题 attachment 附件 zip code 邮编,12,10.饭店场景,eat out/take away 外带 fast food 快餐 book a table 订位子 waiter/waitress 服务员menu 菜单 order 点菜 appetizer 开胃菜 main course 主食 dessert 餐后甜点bill 账单 service charge 服务费 change 找零 tips 小费 keep the chang
14、e 不用找零了go Dutch 各自付账 snack 快餐 well-done 全熟的 medium done,13,11.银行场景,account 帐户 cash 现金 check 支票 deposit 存款 exchange rate 汇率 foreign currency 外币 interest rate 利率 travelers check 旅行支票 withdraw（从银行）支取（钱）,12.海关场景,Customs 海关 declare 申报 duty-free 免税的,14,13其他,closed 关门 open 开门 office hours/business hours/wo
15、rking hours 工作时间，营业时间关于开关:power on/off 开/关 turn on/off 开/关 switch on/off 开/关（这个词只能用于与电有关的开关，不能用于水龙头之类的开关）干杯 cheers/propose a toast to/bottom upthe last thing 最不愿意做的事情 the last man 最不愿意见的人 best seller 畅销 sell up 卖完，卖光 售罄 sell out卖完，卖光 售罄/出卖朋友或原则 sell off 低价处理库存商品 selling machine 自动售货机 selling point 卖
16、点 count the days 渴望 count on=dependent/rely on count in 把考虑在内 count for nothing 一钱不值 count for little 无足轻重 count for much 举足轻重 count down 倒计时 count up 相加 count up to 共计,15,关于旅行：travel journey 陆上长途旅行 trip 陆上短途旅行 outing 远足 stroll 散步 wander 徘徊picnic 野餐 camping 野营 tour 周游 cruise 水上短途旅行 voyage 水上长途旅行关于死亡
17、的说法:没有感情色彩的：die/end up/meat ones death/decease 褒义的：pass away 贬义的：kick the bucket 关于和别人相处的好的说法:get on with=get along(well)with be in good term with live in peace with,16,关于强调:point out emphasize lay/put emphasis on give emphasis to 达成协议找到出路:find a way out reach an agreement reach a consensus 关于“得失”:g
18、ains and losses give and take关于拜访:drop in/at/over/by stop in/over/by call on sb call at/round sb look in/up pay a visit to pay/make a call to关于碰见，偶遇 come across run into bump into happen to meet关于水:running/tap 自来水 fresh 活水 still 死水 pure purified 净化水 mineral,17,关于“调查”:research survey 市场调查 opinion pol
19、l 名义调查 questionnaire 问卷调查 investigation 很正式的调查 interview 会见，访谈 belong to 属于 participate in 参加be engaged in 从事、参加 be involved in 卷入消磨时间:kill time pass time count ones thumbs用完、缺少:run out of be short of be lack in a little 一点 not a little 很多 a bit 一点 not a bit 一点也没有单复数意思不太一样的词ruin 毁灭 ruins 废墟 authorit
20、y 权威 authorities 当局 brain 头脑 brains 智力，智慧custom 风俗习惯 customs 海关 damage 破坏，损坏 damages 赔偿费ground 地面 土地 grounds 院子，监狱 manner 礼貌 方式 manners 外貌minute 分钟 minutes 会议记录 paper 纸张 papers 试卷 time 时间 times 时代,18,Exercises：,1.A.At the bookstore.B.At the library C.At the travel agency.D.At the hospital.2.A.In a p
21、arking lot.B.On a hill.C.At a service station.D.On the hill.3.A.In a restaurant.B.In a hotel.C.In a cinema.D.In a university office.4.A.In a department store.B.In a bank.C.In an airport.D.In a hotel.5.A.At a science exhibit.B.At a bookstore.C.Near an art gallery.D.Near a paint store.,播放,暂停,停止,19,6.A
22、.To a museum.B.To a wedding.C.To New York.D.To visit a friend in Arizona7.A.In a post office.B.In Professor Petersons office.C.In a publishers office.D.In a university bookstore.8.A.In an airport.B.In a store.C.In a police station.D.On a subway.9.A.In New York.B.In Washington.C.In Boston.D.At a bus
23、stop.10.In a classroom.B.In an office.C.In a shop.D.On their way home.,20,Part Two数字、时间类短对话,()数的读法：百位数的读法：百位和十位之间用 and连接。例如：326千位数的读法：千位和百位之间没有“and”.例如：1932 位数的读法：例如：12,425,912,21,()日期年代的读法,年某月某日：例如：1941年6月11日 三位数年代的读法有两种：例如：119 A.D 四位数年份的读法是以两个数为一组来读。例如：1999“几十年代”的读法：前两位直接按基数词读，后两位按基数词的复数形式读。例如:196
24、0s读作“几世纪”的读法：例如：21世纪读作 twenty-first century 每天：daily；每周：weekly；每月：monthly；每季：quarterly;；每年：yearly“每几”的读法：用every 开头，然后直接读数字，并带上相应的单位，如日，月，年。“每隔几”的读法：用every other 开头，然后直接读数字并带上相应的单位。例如：“每3天”读作every three days“每隔3天”读作every other three days 注意：每隔天（周年）可以读成every other day(week,year),day前面的one省略了。,22,(3)页码
25、，房间号码，电话号码的读法,通常是先说一个表示下面数字内容的词，然后逐个数字读，遇到两个相同的数字读作“double”,三个相同时读作“triple”。例如：“第5页”读作：Page 5“335房间”读作Room three three five 电话号码5816711读作：five eight one six seven double one,23,(4)与价格有关的数字表达方式,美元单位：元：dollar 角：dime 美分：cent 5美分：nickle 25 美分：quarter 美元价格：读时可带单位，也可以不带单位。例如：$3.02 读作three(dollars)two(cent
26、s)商品“打几折”有两种读法：可以直接读 at a%discount;%off 7 at a 70%discount 30%off,24,(5)倍数及分数,两倍：twice；三倍：three times；增加两倍：double；增加三倍：triple 分数：分子用基数词，分母用序数词，当分子大于1时，分母的序数词要用复数。例如：1/3读作one third 4/7读作four-sevenths 注意：1/2的读法有两种a half 或one and a half,25,(6)其它一些与数字有关的常用表达,一对：couple.一打：dozen 天天：each day或day by day 或 f
27、rom day to day 一周后：after a week 或this day week或 today week 或a week day 两周：fortnight 几天前：a few days ago或 the other day周年纪念日 anniversary 十年 decade 千年 millennium,26,Exercises：,1.A.Four nights.B.The whole night.C.Fourteen days.D.Forty nights.2.A.The man went to a wrong check-in counter.B.The man has jus
28、t missed his flights.C.The plane will leaves at 9:14.D.The planes departure time remains unknown.3.A.The plane took off at 8:00 B.The flight arrived on time at 8:15.C.The woman missed the plane by half an hour.D.The plane will arrive at 8:45.4.A.$100.B.$400 C.$500 D.$300.5.A.1 dollar B.3 dollars.C.3
29、dollars 1 cent.D.1 dollar 30 cents.,27,6.A.$500 B.$600 C.$1000.D.$1100.7.A.Altogether these books cost 17 dollars.B.It is 4.45 dollars after discount.C.It has 6 dollars discount.D.The original price is 15 dollars.8.A.50 minutes.B.35 minutes.C.15 minutes.D.30 minutes.9.A.15 students asked for leave t
30、oday.B.There are only 14 girls among the students.C.29 students attend the class today.D.All the 35 students show up in the class today.,28,10.A.6.B.24.C.18 D.12.,29,Part Three 人物、身份类短对话,1.A.He is a sewer.B.He is an engineer.C.He is an electrician.D.He is a plumber.2.A.Dressmaker and customer.B.Tour
31、ist guide and tourist.C.Museum curator and visitor.D.Sales clerk and customer.3.A.Son and mother.B.Client and agency C.Patient and doctor D.Athlete and coach.4.A.Teacher and student.B.lawyer and client C.Customer and waitress.D.Boss and secretary.,30,5.A.Colleagues.B.Husband and wife.C.Employer and
32、employee.D.Mother and son.6.A.A band teller.B.A policewoman.C.An accountant.D.A card collector.7.A.Saleswoman and customer.B.Daughter and father.C.Airline clerk and customer.D.Casual acquaintances.8.A.A downstairs neighbor.B.A stranger.C.Mr.Collins wife.D.A policewoman,31,9.A.A dentist.B.A patient.C
33、.A librarian.D.A salesperson.10.A.A dramatist.B.An actor.C.A farmer.D.A worker.,32,Part Four 否定、转折、比较类短对话,1.表示否定的句型Actually/as a matter of fact 事实上 How can you do sth 你怎么可以I cant afford any disturbance 不要再烦我 I couldnt agree with you I didnt mean to 我本不打算 I dont think so It doesnt matter 无所谓 I wish 但
34、愿Id like to,but 我很愿意,但是 Id love to,butI just cant bear I am afraid not I am sorry but is not everything 不是关键no bother/why bother 不要麻烦 no,thanks To tell you the truth Well,as far as I know,33,一些表示否定意义的单词、短语,表潜在否定的惯用语：1)below His scholarship is below hers.他的学问不如她。2)beneath His book is beneath criticis
35、m.他的书不值得批评。3)beside Your suggestion is beside our present purpose.你的建议与我们现在的目的无关。4)beyond The beauty of the scenery is beyond description.此地的风景美并非笔墨所能描写。,34,5)before She chooses death before dishonor.她宁死不受辱。I would do anything before that.我什么都愿意做，却不愿意做那件事。6)above Poor as he was,he was above selling
36、his own honor at any price.虽然他很穷，但他无论如何也不会出卖自己名誉的。His conduct has always been above suspicion.他的行为一直无可置疑。7)past She is now past hope of recovery.她已经没有复原的希望了。,35,短语：,1)fail to He did well,but he failed to break the record.他表现不错，但没能打破纪录。2)Immune to(from)The criminal was told he would be immune from pu
37、nishment if he said what he knew about the murder.罪犯被告知，如果他说出有关谋杀的事情，他将被免于惩罚。3)ignorant of He was driving very fast because he was ignorant of the fact that there was a speed limit.他车开得很快，因为他不知道有时速限制。4)far from He was a good worker at school and far from stupid.他在学校是很用功，决不愚笨。,36,5)free from/with He
38、is free with his money.他这个人不吝啬。He wishes to live a life free from care.我愿过无忧无虑的生活。6)but that But that you aided me,I should have failed.如果你不帮助，我就会失败。7)but for But for these setbacks,we might have realized our dream.8)other than I borrowed some books other than novels.我借了几本书都不是小说。9)rather than I shou
39、ld thank you rather than that you should thank me.10)at a loss The man seemed to be at a loss for what to say.那个人似乎不知道该说什么。,37,11)the last+n.As your best friend,he will be the last person to betray you.他是你最好的朋友，怎么说也不会出卖你的。Money is the last thing he wants,and you wont succeed by offering it.他绝不要钱，你想用
40、钱去买他是决不会成功的。12)tooto His income is too small to support his family.他的收入太少，不能养家。13)比较级+than to+不定式 She should know better than to trust such a man.=She shouldnt trust such a man.I am wiser than to believe that.我不至于蠢到竟然相信这件事。He is more seriously ill than to be beyond cure.他的病情虽然严重，但还没严重到病入膏肓。,38,14)mo
41、re than can How he manages to live is more than I can tell.他怎样生活的，我简直猜不透。15)more than+clause He drank more than was good for his health.他喝多了，身体不舒服。In preparing his lectures,he is always careful not to include more things than the students can digest.他备课时，总是注意不把学生不能消化的东西包括进去。16)more A than B He obtai
42、ned his position by favor more than by merit and ability.他谋得此职位靠的是上司的偏爱，而非自己的业绩和能力。He is more brave than resourceful.他有勇无谋。,39,17)instead of,in place of,short of,in the absence of How can machine work in the absence of electricity?没有电，机器怎么运转？You should be out instead of in on such a fine day.这样好的天气，
43、你应该出去走动走动，不要呆在家里。18)anything but Though he is brave,he is anything but prudent.他虽然勇敢，却不细心。,40,肯定的修辞疑问句表示否定的含义：,1)Who knows?谁知道呢？(=No one knows.)没有人知道。2)What difference does it make?(=It makes no difference.)这有什么差别呢？这没有什么差别。3)Who knows what will happen?(=Nobody knows what will happen.)谁知道会发生什么事？（没有人知
44、道会发生什么事。）4)What is the use of crying over spilt milk?(=It is no use crying over spilt milk.)对做错的事悔恨又有何益？对做错的事悔恨只是徒然。,41,假设法句型表示否定的含义,1)I should have helped her if I had heard her trouble.=I knew nothing her trouble;therefore I did not help her.假如我知道她的困境，我就会帮助她。-我对她的困境毫不知情。因此我没有帮助她。2)If he were to co
45、me tomorrow,I might have time to see him.=It is most likely that he will come tomorrow.万一他明天来，我或许有时间见他。-他明天很可能不会来了。3)Miss Smith wishes she lived in an air-conditioned house.=In fact Miss Smith does not live in an air-conditioned house.史密斯小姐真希望她住的是有空调的房子。事实上史密斯小姐住的是没有空调的房子。,42,Exercises：,1.A He would
46、 like to go other country on vacation.B.He would save every penny he earns in order to go abroad.C.He is not able to go abroad because hell buy a car.D.Hed like to drive his car to go abroad.2.A.She has worked there longer than I have.B.She hasnt worked anywhere for a long time.C.She doesnt work the
47、re anymore.D.She finds a job before long with that company.3.A.She was disappointed.B.She felt very bad.C.She was very confident.D.She was unprepared.,43,4.A.The exam was easy.B.The exam was hard.C.The exam time was too long.D.The last question was especially hard.5.A.He did very well in science cou
48、rses this semester.B.He hasnt taken enough courses in math.C.He likes math enough to continue with other science courses.D.He doesnt want to have any more science course.6.A.Wait for his cousin.B.Go to the airport.C.Prepare dinner.D.Do homework,44,7.A.Go to a game.B.Eat her supper.C.Miss her class.D
49、.Meet her friends anytime.8.A.It is going to be held as planned.B.It is postponed till next week.C.It is supposed to be held at seven oclock.D.It is replaced by a mask ball tonight.,45,9.A.She must be very careful.B.She will be affected.C.Both A and B.D.She is not doing her job well.10.A.The man wil
50、l take the apartment.B.The man will not sleep well.C.The apartment is not good.D.The man will find an apartment elsewhere.,46,Part Five观点态度、行为方式、请求建议类短对话,短对话中常用短语和句型1.表示期待、希望、渴望做某事的说法expect/hope/wish be eager/anxious/dying to look forward to can not wait wait/yean/thirst/long for counting the days,4
