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1、情态动词讲解,1.表能力.could 是can的过去式,表示过去,2.表示“请求”“许可”(表请求时，口语中常用could 代替 can 使语气更委婉，回答时用can),can 与could,1)Some of us can use the computer now,but we couldnt last year.2)The newly-built theatre can seat 1500 people.,1)-Can/Could I use your dictionary?-Yes,you can.2)You can have my seat.Im going now.3)You can
2、 not talk in class.,flash,3.表示推测，意为“可能”“或许”，常用于疑问句或否定句(could 可以用于肯定句中),1)It cant be my father.He is now in England.,2)-Can it rain tomorrow?-No,it cant.,3)Where can I put my key?,4)You could be right，but I dont think you are.,对过去的可能推测怎么说？,(不可能),5)He cant/couldnt have gone to Beijing,for I saw him ju
3、st now.,can和be able to的用法区别,She _sing the song in English.This machine _ make you feel comfortable.,1.,can的主语是人或物,be able to的主语是人,We_ finish the work soon.I _ see the film so far.,2.can只用于现在式和过去式(could)。be able to 可以用 于各种时态。,She ran fast so that she _ catch the bus.,3.表示成功地做了某事时，只能was/wereableto，不能用
4、could。,He_ fleeEuropebeforethewarbrokeout.,can/is able to,can,ll be able to,havent been able to,could/was able to,wasableto,may 与might,表示“许可”或“请求”，有“可以”的意思，比can正式。口语中常用 might 代 may,表示委婉语气。否定回答时常用“must not”表“禁止，阻止”。,1)-May/Might I watch TV after supper?-Yes,you may./Yes,please.(No,you mustnt.),2.表示可能
5、性。意为“或许，可能”常用于肯定句或否定句中。might 比 may 可能性小。,1)They may/might be in the library now.,2)She may not know the truth.,(或许不，可能不),3)She may/might have gone home.,3.may/might well+动词原形“完全可以，很有可能”,You may/might as well go and have a look.,5.May you+动词原形 表“希望、祝愿”,May you succeed.,4.may/might as well+动词原形“还是的好”,
6、You may well be proud of your son.He is excellent.,May you have a good journey!May all your dreams come true！,1.A computer _ think for itself;it must be told what to do.A.cant B.couldnt C.may not D.might not,2.The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone _ get out.A.had to B.would C.c
7、ould D.was able to,A,D,3.They will _ run this machine on theirown in three months.A.can B.could C.may D.be able to4.That big cinema _ seat 2,000 people.A.can B.should C.ought to D.is able to,D,A,5.Could I borrow your dictionary?Yes,of course you _.A.might B.will C.can D.should6.Might I watch TV afte
8、r supper?Yes,you _.A.may B.must C.might D.could,C,A,7.Peter _ come with us tonight,but he isnt very sure yet.A.must B.may C.can D.will8.Some people who dont like to talk much are not necessarily shy；they just be quiet people.A.must B.mayC.should D.would 9.Liza _ well not want to go on the trip-she h
9、ates traveling.（2008全国II）A.will B.can C.must D.may,B,B,D,may,might,can,could,1.They(can not/may not)_ still be out,for the light is on in the house.2.You(cant/arent able to)_ smoke on the bus.3.With luck,tomorrow(can/could)_be a cooler day.4.You(can/might)_ be right,but Im going back to check it.,表示
10、许可,cant,could,表示猜测,can not,表示猜测(不可能),might,表示猜测,will 与would,2.疑问句中用于第二人称，表“请求、建议”等 would 比用will 委婉，客气些。,1)Will/Would you(please)lend me your book?2)Would you like a cup of tea?,3.will 与would用于表示主语的意志或意愿。will 指现在，而 would 指 过去。,1)Ill never do that again.2)They said that they would help us.,1.作助动词表单纯的将
11、来,可用于各种人称。,1)I will tell you something important tomorrow.,2)He said that he would tell you something important the next day.,5.表示习惯性动作。译作“总是、惯于”will 指现在，would 指过去。,1)This old man is strange.He will sit for hours without saying anything.2)She would sit by window,deep in thought.,4.表示推测，译作“会，将会”,Give
12、 him the apple.He will like it.,6.与not搭配，表拒绝，无可奈何之意,1)This door wont open.,2)We pushed the car but it wouldnt move,not a bit.,1)Perhaps I shall pay a visit to England this winter.,shall,1.作助动词表单纯的将来,用于第一人称。,2.在疑问句中，用于提出建议、征求意见。常用于一、三人称.,1)Shall we begin our discussion?2)Shall he use your pen?,flash,
13、3.用于二、三人称，表说话人的允诺，决心，警告，命令,或威胁。,1)You shall fail if you dont work harder.2)You shall get what you deserve.3)He shall be punished if he breaks the rule.4)Nothing shall stop us.,（警告）,(允诺),(威胁),(决心),4.用在条约、规章、法令等文件中表示义务或规定。,1)Nobody shall go out without the teachers permission.,2)Candidates shall remai
14、n in their seats until all the papers have been collected.,should,用于表义务、劝告、建议。意为”应该、应当”。（也可用ought to，但ought to 语气重）,1)You should/ought to help your mother with the housework.,2.表示可能性、推测、推论或期待,意为“可能、按理说、该”,Its 8 oclock now,he should be here at any moment.2)Dinner should be ready by now.,2)One ought n
15、ot(oughtnt)to cross the street against the red light.,3)Ought we to do it at once?Yes,you ought to.,3.表示意外或惊讶。意为“竟然会”,1)Its strange that he should be absent.,2)It seemed unbelievable that he should have done such a wicked thing.,4.表示语气较强的假设。意为“万一”,If the car should break down on the way,you would ha
16、ve to walk back.,1.This printer is of good quality.If it _ break down within the first year,we would repair it at our expense.A.would B.should C.could D.might,2.I dont care what people think.,Well,you _,A.could B.would C.should D.might,3.What do you mean,there are only ten tickets?There_ be twelve.A
17、.should B.would C.will D.shall,B,C,A,4.-What does the sign over there read?-“No person _smoke or carry a lighted cigarette,cigar or pipe in this area.”2007 四川卷Awill Bmay Cshall D.must,5.Whats the name?Khulaifi._ I spell that for you?A.Shall B.WouldC.Can D.Might,C,A,must,1.表示义务或强烈的劝告，意为“必须”“应该”，其否定式表
18、示“不应该”“不许可”“不准”“禁止”。(回答 must 所在的一般疑问句时，否定回答用“neednt”“dont have to”.),1)You must finish your homework first.2)Children mustnt speak like that to their parents.,3)-Must we finish the work tomorrow?-No,you neednt/dont have to,but you must finish it in three days.,flash,1)Betty must be in the next room.
19、2)Hemustbejoking.3)Thereisnobodyhere.Theymusthavegonehome.,2.must表推测，用于肯定句，意为“一定”“准是”。,1)Why must it rain on Sunday?,3.must可表示“偏要，硬要”，指做令人不快的事情或对某事的不满或责备等情绪。,2)Must you make so much noise?,1).I dont like this TV set.We _buy a new one.2).There was no more bus.They _walk home.,表示“必须”这个意思时，must和haveto稍
20、有区别。must着重说明主观看法，haveto强调客观需要。另外，haveto能用于更多时态。,must,had to,must和have to,1.In crowded places like airports and railway stations,you _ take care of your luggage.A.Can B.must C.may D.will,B,2.-Karl,look,its 10 oclock._ you play the piano so late?A.Can B.Must C.May D.Will,B,1.We _ smoke here,because th
21、e worker is carrying some petrol.2.It is dangerous.You _ leave the room immediately.3.He _ go hiking with friends at weekends when young.4.-Write to me when you get home.-I _.,will,would,shall,should,must:,mustnt,should/must,would,will,表示禁止,不许可,表示建议,命令,表示过去习惯,表示意愿,5.-Need I hand in my exercise book
22、at once?-Yes,you_.6.You have been working all day.You _ be very tired.7.It is a long time since we met last time.You _ come and see us more often.8.Why dont you try on this dress?It _ look nice on you.,must,must,should,will,表示必须,表示肯定猜测,表示建议,表示将会,一定会,Not sure,Very sure,He _ be in the classroom.,He _
23、be in the classroom.,He _ be in the classroom.,He _ be in the classroom.,He _ be in the classroom.,表推测的情态动词,can,could,may,might,should,must,might,may,could,should,must,表示推测情态动词的重要用法.,肯定的推测可能的推测否定的推测疑问的推测,must,现在 正在进行 过去,情态动词,may,might,cant,couldnt,can,could,+V+be doing.+have done,+V+be doing.+have d
24、one,+V+be doing.+have done,+V+be doing.+have done,（可以用not表示“可能不”）,1)-Who _ the man over there be?-It _ be our headmaster.He wears glasses.2)-It _ be him.He has gone to Beijing.-Then it _ be Mr Li.He looks like the headmaster.,can,may,cant/couldnt,must,注意：must 表示推测时，只能用于肯定句。,must do,must have done,mu
25、st be doing,对一般时的肯定推测,对现在的动作进行肯定推测,对过去发生的事情作出的肯定判断,他们买了一辆新车。他们一定很有钱,They have bought a new car.,他现在一定在看小说,He _ novels now,路是湿的。昨天晚上一定下雨了。,The road is wet.,They _ a lot of money,must have,must be reading,must have rained,dont they?,isnt he?,It _ last night,didnt it?,他一定已经知道了。,He _ it now,must have kn
26、own,hasnt he?,1.I dont know where she is,she _ be in Wuhan.2.At this moment,our teacher _ our exam papers.这时，我们老师想必在批改试卷。3.He knew it.He _ the film last night.(see)4.Your mother _ for you.你妈妈一定一直在找你。,may/might,must be marking,must have seen,must have been looking,5.Philip _ seriously in the car acci
27、dent.菲利普可能在车祸中受了重伤.6.-Linda has gone to work,but her bicycle is still here.-She _(go)by bus.7.Mike _ his car,for he came to work by bus this morning.迈克一定还没有找回他的车，因为早上他是坐 公共汽车来上班的。,may(might)have been hurt,may(might)have gone,cant have found,情态动词+have done这是历年高考热点之一，可表示“推测、责备、怀疑”等多种意义。,表示对过去所发生事情的遗憾或
28、责备,1.should/ought to have done“过去本该做”I really regretted wasting the hours when I should have studied hard,but it was too late.2.shouldnt/oughtnt to have done“本不该做”Im very sorry for the words I shouldnt have said to you at that moment.,表示对过去所发生事情的遗憾或责备,3.could/might have done“本能够，本可以”I could have got
29、 higher marks in the exam.I was too careless.,4.might have done“本可能”Tom,you shouldnt have played with the knife.You might have killed yourself.,You _ here to tell me about it.I have known it.-Did you come to help him yesterday morning?-No.I was busy then.And I _.,5.neednt have done“原本不必做的事却做了”Your h
30、ome is not far from your school,so you neednt have left in such a hurry.,6.didnt need to do/didnt have to do“没有必要做，实际也没做”I didnt need to clean the windows.My sister did it.,neednt have come,didnt need to,1.He _ have completed his work;otherwise,he wouldnt be enjoying himself by the seaside.A.shouldB
31、.mustC.wouldntD.cant,2.He paid for a seat,when he _ have entered free.A.couldB.wouldC.mustD.need,B,A,3.As you worked late yesterday,you _ have come this morning.A.maynt B.cant C.mustnt D.neednt,D,4.Im sorry.I _ at you the other day.Forget it.I was a bit out of control myself.A.shouldnt shout B.shoul
32、dnt have shoutedC.mustnt shoutD.mustnt have shouted,B,5.Michael _ be a policeman,for hes much too short.A.neednt B.cant C.should D.may,B,6.-I stayed at a hotel while in New York.-Oh,did you?You _ with Barbara.A.could have stayed B.could stay C.would stay D.must have stayed,A,7.My sister met him at t
33、he Grand Theater yesterday afternoon,so he _ your lecture.A.couldnt have attended B.neednt have attended C.mustnt have attended D.shouldnt have attended,A,8.What a pity!Considering his ability and experience,he _ better.A.need have done B.must have doneC.can have done D.might have done,9.Although th
34、is _ sound like a simple task,great care is needed.A.must B.may C.shall D.should,D,B,dare,1.dare作情态动词时，后接动词原形，主要用于否定、疑问以及条件句中，有过去式(dared)。,1)She dare(d)not go out alone.2)How dare you say that to your mother?,We must dare to think,to speak and to act.She doesnt dare(to)speak before a big audience.Do
35、es the little girl dare(to)do that by herself？,flash,2.dare作实义动词更常见，做实义动词后加不定式。但是在疑问句和否定句中，不定式符号“to”可省略。,used to,1.表“过去常常”，过去习惯或过去某一时期的状况，但现在已不存在。,He used to smoke a lot,but now he no longer smokes.2)There used to be an apple tree here.,Did you use to go to the same school as Tom?=Used you to go to
36、the same school as Tom?2)I usednt to go there.=I didnt use to go there.3)She used to be very fat,didnt she?usednt she?,2.否定句、疑问句和反义疑问句中有两种形式。,would与used to 的区别,1.used to 可表示过去经常发生的动作或存在的状态，而would只表示过去习惯性或重复性动作。,2.used to 强调过去的行为与现在的对比，含有“过去如此而现在已经不这样了”。would 只表示过去习惯性动作，没有对比的含义。,3.used to 可用于无人称句和存在句，而would不可。,People used to believe the sun moves round the earth.2)He would sit in the yard listening to the radio every evening.,
