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1、,Modal Verbs,Grammar and usage,情态动词,He _ be our manager because hehas gone to Beijing.I _ thank you too much for all your help.You _ be hungry after a long walk for two days._ you be happy every day！It _ be quite cold here in winter.He _ well stay in Beijing now.You _(不妨)tell him the truth.If you _
2、go,at least wait until the storm is over.He fell into the lake,but he _ swim to the bank.You _ play with the knife,or you _ hurt yourself.I hope that everyone will _ pass the English exam next time.There is someone at the door.Who _it be?,1.We must know all these，if the book is to speak its whole me
3、ssage.2.A hundred men may pass a field and see only dead grass.3.To achieve this，it should contain two elements:universal interest and personal style.4.It also takes on a personal styleno writer can describe human life without reflecting his own life and experiences.,必须 necessity,可能 probability,应该 s
4、uggestion,能够 ability,What is modal verb?What are the functions of modal verb?What modal verbs do you know?,can could may mightmust ought toshall should will woulddare need have to used to,can&could,My grandmother _ do some shopping on the Internet,The building was on fire,but luckily everyone in it
5、_ escape from it.Mary _ play piano.She _ play it since she was five.Youll _ get a taxi outside the station.,can/is able to,was able to,can/is able to,has been able to,be able to,can/could 表示能力(ability),意思相当于 be able to注意：在一般过去时中，was/were able to 通常表示能做并且已经做了的事，could 仅表示能力。Be able to可用于各种时态中，can只能用于一
6、般现在时和过去时,can&could,_ you give me a hand with the box?-Could I use your car?-Yes,of course you _.-No,_,Can/Could,can,2.can/could 表示“请求”和“许可”注意：could语气更委婉，肯定回答时要用can，不用could。,you cant./Im afraid not.,can&could,They often go to the restaurants for meals.They _ be very poor.Where _ he have gone?,3.表“可能性
7、”时，can多用在否定句或疑问句中,表示主观推测。,cant,can,can&could,The temperature here _ be as high as 37.As a human being,anyone _ make a mistake.,can,can,4.can用在肯定句中多表示理论上的可能，“经验之谈”，含有“有时会”的意思。,can&could,cant.too/enough 无论也不过分；越越好 cant(help)but do sth.不得不，只好 cant help doing sth.禁不住做某事,You cant be too careful while cro
8、ssing the road.I cant thank you too much for all your help to my son.One cannot but admire her determination.,summary,may&might,-_ I have a few words with your manager?-Yes,you _.-No,you _.,表示请求和许可，在疑问句中，might可以代替may，它表示的语气更加委婉。注意：may not表示“不许”时，语气较强，有命令强制的意味，常可用mustnt/cant 来回答问句“May I.?”,May/might,
9、may,mustnt/cant,may&might,You _ have some fever.,2.表示把握不大的推测，意为“可能”，一般不用于疑问句。,may/might,There is someone at the door.Who _it be?It _ be Mary.,can,may,may not cant,1.That _ be Mary shes in hospital.2.Mr Smith _ be a great player,but hes a good captain.,possibility,不太可能会,肯定不会,cant,may not,may&might,3.
10、may表示祝愿，常用结构为：May主语动词原形,祝你成功！May you!A.succeed B.success,A,may&might,4.may/might as well do sth“还是.为好；不妨”=had better do sth may/might well do sth“很有可能.”,Since it is a fine day,we _walk.His appearance has changed so much that you _ not recognize him.,may/might as well,may/might well,1.A computer _ th
11、ink for itself;it must be told what to do.A.cantB.couldntC.may notD.might not2.I _ swim to the bank when the ship sank.A.may B.would C.could D.was able to3.Who _ it be that is knocking at the door?It _ be Father,but Im not sure.A.can,can B.can,may C.must,can D.may,must4.Liza _ well not want to go on
12、 the trip-she hates traveling.A.will B.can C.must D.may,A,D,B,D,must&need,You mustnt do that,because you must keep your word.Must I finish my homework today?Yes,you _.No,you _.,表示“必要性”,意为“必须”，其否定形式为mustnt(不准，禁止)。注意：must 表示一种主观的义务和必要；而have to 表示一种客观被迫需要,含有“不得不,只好”的意思。,must,neednt/dont have to,must,Th
13、e light is still on,so he_ be at home.That _ be the only way.There _ be other ways of solving the problem.那不可能是解决问题的唯一办法，肯定有另外的办法。,2.表示有把握的推测，意为“一定，准是”，只能用在肯定句中，在否定句、疑问句中要用cant代替，表示“不可能会”,must,cant,must,must,Must you make so much noise？The car must break down just when I was about to start.If you mu
14、st smoke,please get out.,3.表示感情色彩，意为“一定要,偏偏，偏要”，常指令人不快 的事情。,1.You _ be hungry already you had lunch only two hours ago!A.wouldnt B.cant C.mustnt D.neednt2.Johnny,you _ play with the knife,you _ hurt yourself.A.wont;cant B.mustnt;may C.shouldnt;must D.cant;shouldnt3.May I smoke here?If you _,choose a
15、 seat in the smoking section.A.will B.can C.may D.must,B,B,D,will&would,I _ never do that again.No matter how the enemy whipped her,she _ bow her head._ you give me a piece of paper?,表示意志、意愿和决心。表示请求、建议。用于第二人称的疑问句，would表示更委婉的语气。,will,wouldnt,Will/Would,will&would,Fish _ die without water.She _ listen
16、 to music,alone in her room,for hours.He told me the box _ open.We _ sit around Grandpa after supper,listening to his stories.,3.表示习惯性动作、固有属性或必然趋势，意为“总是；习惯于”。would指过去的习惯=used to。,will,would,will,wouldnt,will&would,This _ be the house youre looking for.That _be in the spring of 1995.,4.表示推测，意为“大概，也许，
17、想必”。,will,would,shall,用于第一、三人称的疑问句中表示说话者征求对方的意见。,_we go for a ride?,Shall,I am busy now._ my brother do it for you?A.Will B.Shall C.Must D.May,B,Daddy,can you buy me a new ipad when you go to Beijing?You _ get one if you are admitted to a key middle school.,shall,shall,2.shall用于第二、第三人称，表示说话人给对方的命令、警
18、告、允诺。,You naughty boy!You shall get what you deserve.,shall,3.shall用于条约、规定、法令等官方文件中表示义务或规定，意为“必须；应该”。,All payments shall be made in cash.According to the school rules,no students shall go out of school without the permission of teachers.,We _ be strict with ourselves.我们应该严格要求自己。Its wonderful that yo
19、u should have achieved so much in these years.Dont ask me.How should I know?It is three oclock now,the match _ begin soon.A.should B.will C.can D.may,should/ought to,should,should表示责任、义务、劝告、建议，意为“应该”=ought toshould表示惊讶、愤怒、失望等特殊情感,意为“竟然”should表示按常理、经验进行推测，意为“按道理说应该”,But dont you knowO dont you knowTh
20、e red should languish(to become weaker)and the green must grow.,1.Its raining cats and dogs.Im so surprised that you _ stand outside!A.might B.may C.shall D.should2.Hows your tour around the North Lake?Is it beautiful?It _ be,but it is now heavily polluted.A.shall B.would C.should D.must3.-What does
21、 the sign over there read?-“No person _ smoke or carry a lighted cigarette in this area.”A.will B.may C.shall D.must4.If you listen to me,you _have some candies dear.A.shall B.may C.will D.must,D,C,C,A,need作情态动词主要用于疑问句、否定句或条件句中。I neednt _(use)a clock to wake me up.Need he _(go)there himself?,need,us
22、e,go,need作实义动词，有人称、数、时态的变化，常用搭配：sb need to dosth need doing/to be doneI dont need _(use)a clock to wake me up.Did he need _(go)there himself?My watch needs_(repair).,需要做某事,需要被做,to use,to go,repairing/to be repaired,dare作情态动词，后接动词原形，常用于疑问句、否定句和条件句，没有人称和数的变化.Dare you jump off the high wall?He darent e
23、ven look out.,dare,dare作实义动词，有人称和数的变化；在肯定句中，用于dare to do结构，在否定和疑问句中to可省略。Do you dare(to)jump off the high wall?He doesnt dare(to)look out.Only those who dare to fail greatly can ever achieve greatly.,dare,summary,情态动词表推测,possibility,must,would/will,may,should,might,could,may notmight not,cantcouldnt
24、,uncertain,certain,certain,She may be waiting for you now.You might have read about it in the papers.The children must be playing outside.Rosa must have attended the party last night.You cant have seen Henry yesterday because he was in London.It is so cold today.They cant be swimming in the river no
25、w.,情态动词表推测,情态动词表推测,1.I dont know where she is,she _ in Shanghai.(可能在上海)2.At this moment,our teacher_.（一定正在上课）3.The road is wet.It _last night.（一定下过雨）4.Philip _ seriously in the car accident.（可 能在车祸中受了重伤）5.Mike _ his car,for he came to work by bus this morning.（一定还没有找回他的车）6.He _ his homework now.(不可能
26、正在做作业）,may be,must be having class,must have rained,may/might have been hurt,cant be doing,cant/couldnt have found,I really regret wasting the hours when I should have studied hard，but it is too late.I shouldnt have watched that movie itll give me horrible dreams.I neednt have worried before I came
27、to the new school,for my classmates here are friendly to me.He could have escaped,but he chose to stand and fight.,这里还是表示推测吗？,情态动词+have done,could have done,oughtnt to/shouldnt have done,ought to/should have done,neednt have done,（过去）本可以做某事（但没做）,（过去）本不应该做某事（但做了）,（过去）本应该做某事（但没做）,（过去）本不需要做某事（但做了）,I re
28、ally regret wasting the hours when I should have studied hard，but it is too late.I was really anxious about you.You shouldnt have left home without a word.I neednt have worried before I came to the new school,for my classmates here are friendly to me.You could have reviewed,but you played games all
29、night.,情态动词+have done,（表后悔）,（表责备）,（表多此一举）,（表遗憾，责备）,She should have come to see me yesterday.昨天她本应该来看我。(实际上没来)She shouldnt have come to see me yesterday.昨天她本不应该来看我的。(实际上来了)He couldnt have finished the work ahead of time.他不可能提前完成了工作（表推测）He could have finished the work ahead of time.他本可以提前完成工作。（表责备）,Co
30、mparison,情态动词+have done有两个主要用法：是表示对过去发生的动作或存在的状态的推测。是表示对过去发生的动作的遗憾或责备。,summary,表推测（一定做了某事）,表推测（可能做了某事）,表遗憾或责备（本可以做某事）,表推测（不可能做了某事）,表遗憾或责备（本应该做某事）,表遗憾或责备（本不应该做某事）,表遗憾或责备（本不必做某事）,1.He is not poor.You _ have lent him the money.A.cant B.neednt C.couldnt D.mustnt,2.My cats really fat.You _ have given her
31、 so much food.A.wouldnt B.couldnt C.shouldnt D.mustnt 3.I told your friend how to get to the hotel,but perhaps I _ have driven her there.A.couldB.mustC.night D.should4.What a pity!Considering his ability and experience,he_better.A.need have done B.must have done C.can have done D.might have done,4.-
32、There were already five people in the car,but they managed to take me as well.-It _a comfortable journey.A.cant be B.shouldnt be C.mustnt have been D.couldnt have been5.He did not regret saying what he did but felt that he_it differently.A.need have expressed B.might have expressed C.could have expr
33、essed D.must have expressed,Practice,.单句语法填空,1.It is strange that such a famous poet be so rude to a lady.2.You come here on time,or youll be fined next time.3.I have cooked so much food.Nobody was hungry.4.When the author was young，he climb the small hill every morning.5.I finish reading the novel
34、tomorrow，but I am not sure about it.6.You have given him some advice.He was too upset at that time.7.You _ get a gift if you go to bed right now.,should,must,neednt,would,may/might,ought to/should,shall,8.She was so frightened that she didnt dare(breathe)a word of it to anyone else.9.The garden does
35、nt need _(water)at the moment.10.The doorbell rings.It be Lisa,because shes still in the library at this time.11.You feel all the training a waste of time,but Im sure later youll be grateful you did it.12.Its already 11 oclock,and he _ have been here half an hour ago.Maybe he got caught in the rain.
36、,to breathe,cant,may/might,watering,should,.完成句子,1.you in the following year!祝你在新的一年里好运！2.Why at noon?他为什么偏偏中午弹钢琴呢？3.She _ in person a letter would have been enough.她本不必亲自来写封信来就足够了。,May,be lucky,must he play the piano,neednt have come,4.that left the door unlocked?It might be Mike.He is always forge
37、tting things.是谁没锁门？5.The deadline is drawing near but I failed to challenge the task a third time.?让我弟弟试一试好吗？,Who could it be,Shall my brother have a try,6.He was aware that someone _ his room.他意识到一定有什么人进过他的房间。7.You _ here alone at such a late hour.你这么晚的时候本不应该一个人来这里的。,must have entered,shouldnt/ough
38、tnt to have come,P48A Exploring the rulesRead the website article about how to choose books.Find the sentences that use modal verbs and fill in the table below.The first one has been done for you.,you can get ideas from different sourcesYou could also read book reviews in newspapers,in magazines or
39、online.,Teachers in particular can provide suggestions for interesting reading materials that can be found in the library or bookshop easily.A book review can often tell you whether a book is worth reading or not.,what books you ought to read.However,you must also decide for yourself what kind of bo
40、oks to read.You do not have to read a book just because everyone recommends it.,You might have asked yourself this questions more than once.These ideas should point you in the right direction.you may find yourself better able to seek out books to your taste,Modal verbs can be followed by _.You can c
41、hoose more than one answer for the blank.a do(the base form)b doing(the verb-ing form)c did(the past form)d be done(the passive voice)e be doing(the continuous form)f have done(the perfect form),a d e f,Applying the rules,B1,B2,Applying the rules,Useful phrases and sentences,P481.develop your own ta
42、ste2.in particular3.tell you whether a book is worth reading or not4.These ideas should point you in the right direction.5.Take time to look through the e across7.find yourself better able to seek out books to your tasteP49 It turned out the exact opposite.I could not stop turning the pages!reflect
43、on these moment,weave,V.织weave-wove-wovenMost spiders weave webs that are almost invisible.The women shut themselves behind closed doors to weave their cloth.hand-woven scarves,weave,v.迂回行进，穿行（以避开障碍）weave-weaved-weavedShe was weaving in and out of the traffic.The road weaves through a range of hills.He had to weave his way through a crowd.,
