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1、Unit5 Getting the messageUnit5 Getting the message 考纲要求： 考纲规定的考试范围: 重点单词与短语：advertise; advertiser; brand; consideration; charge; loss; blame; broadcast; react; annoy; annoying; defender; accuse; associate; appeal; frequent; salesman; saleswoman; figure; profit; campaign; policy; spokesman; spokeswom
2、an; illegal; post; target; nowadays; waitress; bridegroom; attach; discount; bargain; bonus; ake sth. into consideration; in charge; hand in hand; appeal to; keep an eye out for sb./sth.; make sense; get across; 句型： You think the newspaper is to blame for this be to blame的用法 On the other hand, criti
3、cs sometimes accuse companies of using ads to mislead us by making us by making s believe that a certain product is better than it really is fairly is or that we will be happier if we buy it. on the one hand on the other hand 的用法 Sometimes, the promises do not make sense. make sense Armed with facts
4、 and figures, customers are better able to deal with the often powerful arguments given by a salesman or saleswoman. Armed with是过去分词短语作原因状语， 语法：复习宾语补足语,可由名词.副词.介词短语.形容词.动词不定式.分词等充当. 复习本章要达到的目标 1. 掌握 consideration; charge; loss; blame; broadcast; react; annoy; annoying; defender; accuse; associate; a
5、ppeal; frequent; figure; profit; illegal; post; target; nowadays; attach; discount; bargain; bonus; take sth. into consideration; in charge; hand in hand; appeal to; keep an eye out for sb./sth.; make sense; get across; 等重点单词及短语的用法。 2. 掌握宾语补足语的用法； 教材知识归纳 知识归纳 1. How is the information conveyed? conv
6、ey vt.表达；运载 convey sb./sth.(from to) Pipes convey hot water from the boiler to the radiators. 通过管道将热水从锅炉输送到散热管里。 convey sth. to sb. 传达；表达 Words cant convey how delighted I was. 语言不能表达我是多么高兴。 2. make a list of things that you think are important to take into consideration when buying a laptop compute
7、r. take into consideration= takeinto account 考虑；体谅；斟酌 You should take that possibility into consideration. 你应该考虑到那种可能性。 Before making a decision, you must take all factors into consideration. 作决定之前，你必须把各种因素考虑进去。 Taking everything into consideration, the result is better than I expected. 从各方面考虑，结果比我预
8、料的好。 相关归纳: 考虑到，顾及到； considering sth.=sth. considered=taking sth. into consideration= sth. taken into consideration Considering her age, she had done quite better. =Her age considered, she had done quite better. =Taking her age into consideration, she had done quite better. =Her age taken into consid
9、eration, she had done quite better. 考虑到她的年龄她做的已经够好了。 3. Use the role cards below to prepare a meeting between concerned readers and the editor in charge of the newspapers advertisement section. charge v.& n, 委托，进攻，充电，收费，要价，主管，控告 How much do you charge for mending a pair of shoes? 修一双鞋要多少钱？ The soldi
10、ers charged (at) the enemy. 士兵向敌人发起猛攻。 He is charging a storage battery. 他在给蓄电池充电。 He was left in charge of the shop while the manager was away. 经理不在时，他负责这个商店。 相关归纳: (1)in charge of sth. 负责某事物 An experienced mechanic is in charge of the job. 一位有经验的机械师负责这工作。 (2)in the charge of sb. 处于某人负责这下 take char
11、ge of sth.负责某物 John will take charge of the next meeting. 约翰将主持下一次会议。 (3)charge sb. some money for sth. 因为某物收某人多少钱 charge at sb. 袭击某人，向某人冲去 The lion charged at those little animals. 狮子向那些小动物冲了过去。 free of charge 免费的 (6)charge sb. with sth.控告某人某事 He was charged with stealing. 他被控犯有偷窃行为。 4. You think t
12、he newspaper is to blame for this blame v. 责备 归咎于；责怪 He blamed you for the neglect of duty. 他责备你怠忽职守。 I dont blame you; I blame myself. 我不怪你;怪我自己。 I am ready to take the blame for the mistake. 我准备承担这一错误的责任。 相关归纳: (1)blame sb. for sth. She blamed him for the failure of their marriage. 她把婚姻的触礁归咎于他。 (2
13、)be to blame (for sth.) She was in no way to blame. 决不应该责备她。 Which driver was to blame for the accident? 这事故是哪个司机的责任？ (3)bear/take/accept/get the blame (for sth.)(对某事)承担责任 We were ready to take the blame for what had happened. 我们做好准备对所发生的事承担责任。 (4)lay/put the blame (for sth.) on sb.把某事归咎于某人 The judg
14、e laid /put the blame for the accident on the driver of the car. 法官判定汽车司机应对这次车祸负责。 5. People react to advertisements in different ways. Some people find ads useful and entertaining; others think that they are annoying. react 的用法 (1) vi. 反应，反抗 How did he react to your suggestion? 他对你建议有什么反应？ Children
15、 tend to react against their parents by going against their wishes. 孩子往往故意不听父母的话来表示抗拒。 (2) vt.起化学反应 An acid can react with an alkali to form a salt. 酸可与碱起化学反应形成盐。 annoy的用法 vt.使烦恼，使为难 The noise annoyed the patient. 噪音使病人很苦恼。 Dont annoy your neighbor by singing loudly at night. She was annoyed with hi
16、m because he was late. 相关归纳: (1) annoy sb. with sth./by doing sth. 因某事而惹某人生气或烦恼 She annoyed mw with her constant grumbling. 她不停地唠叨使我很烦。 Dont annoy your neighbors by singing loudly at night. 夜晚不要大声唱歌，民免打扰邻居。 (2) be/get/feel annoyed with sb. for/at sth. 因而生某人的气 She was annoyed with him because he was
17、late. 因为他迟到她对他很生气。 I felt annoyed with my son for being so lazy. 我因儿子如此懒惰而感到生气。 (3)annoyed感到烦恼的；生气的 annoying恼人的；讨厌的 She was annoyed at his annoying manners. 她对他讨厌的态度很生气。 6. On the other hand, critics sometimes accuse companies of using ads to mislead us by making us by making s believe that a certai
18、n product is better than it really is fairly is or that we will be happier if we buy it. accuse vt. 指控；控告；谴责 (1) 指控，控告；常接介词of accuse sb. of sth. 控告某人某事 He was accused of murder. 他被控告犯了谋杀罪。 Are you accusing me of cheating? 你是在指责我欺骗吗？ (2) 指责，把归咎 accuse sb. for sth.=charge sb. for sth. 为某事指责某人 The repo
19、rt accused the government for shirking its responsibilities. 报告指责*推卸责任。 7. By introducing a brand name to potential customers, and by associating the product with the customers needs, companies are able to influence the choices customers make. associate的用法： (1)使发生联系，使结合在一起，把联系起来 I associate summer w
20、ith holidays. 我总是把夏季和休假联想在一起。 The scientist decided he didnt want to be associated with the project, and left. 这个科学家决定不愿与这个计划有任何瓜葛，因而离开了。 (2)交往，联合 The military regime dealt ruthlessly with anyone who associated with the former government. 军*无情地处置任何与前*有交往的人。 He associates with criminals. 他和罪犯交往。 8. C
21、ustomers see so many ads every day that advertisers must work hard to get their message across. get across 传播 The message got across at last. 这信息终于被传开了。 使理解 Our teacher is clever, but not very good at getting his ideas across to us. 我们的老师很聪明，但他不善于把他的观点向我们讲清楚。 This is a very clever way of getting the
22、 words across. 这个办法很巧妙，能使人理解那些话。 H have tried to get my point across. 我已尽力让我的观点清晰了。 过 The bridge fell down just after we got across (it). 我们刚过去，桥就倒塌了。 9. The best chance to reach customers is to appeal to then emotions. appeal vi. 要求；恳求；诉诸 (1) appeal (to sb.) for sth. 恳求 She had no one to appeal to
23、. 她求告无门。 The man appealed for mercy. 那人恳求宽恕。 (2) appeal to sb. to do sth. 恳求某人做某事 She appealed to us to go with her. He appealed to the public to support him. 他恳求大众支持他。 (3) appeal to sth. 诉诸(法律、舆论、武力等) The old woman had to appeal to the public opinion. 老太太只好诉诸公共舆论。 (4) appeal to sb. 引起某人的兴趣，吸引某人 Her
24、 novels appeal mostly to women. 她的小说大多吸引的是妇女读者。 10. Not all ads used to promote a product or to increase a companys profits. profit： (1)n.利润,盈利;收益,红利 He made a profit of fifty thousand US dollars on his house. 他卖掉房子获利五万美元。 利益,益处;得益 We gained a lot of profit from your advice. 我们从你的建议中获益匪浅。 (2)vt.有益于
25、Telling lies wont profit you. 撒谎对你无益。 (3)vi.有益,有利;得益,获益 (+by/from) He learned to profit by his mistakes. 他学会了从自己的错误中获益。 We profit from the work of the specialist. 我们从专家的工作中得到益处。 11. First of all, we should always keep an eye out for “hidden information”. keep an eye out (for) 当心；警惕；注意 Keep an eye ou
26、t. Were close to Joes house. 小心，我们在琼的家附近。 She told me to keep an eye out for thieves. 她告诉我当心小偷。 look out for 当心，警惕，注意 watch out for 当心，警惕，注意 keep ones eyes open for 当心，警惕，注意 pay close attention to 密切注意 keep an eye on 照看 Can you keep an eye on my bag? 帮我看管一下包好吗？ 12. A good ad often uses words to whic
27、h people attach positive meanings. attach：vt 将某物系在上；贴上；安装；依附；使隶属于；归于等 Please attach labels to the luggage. 请把标签系在行李上。 She attached a document to a letter. 她把文件附在信上。 Do you attach much important to what he says? 你认为他的话很重要吗？ How can you attach the blame for this accident to the taxi-driver? 你怎么能把这次事故的
28、责任归于出租车司机呢? This hospital is attached to the medical college nearby. 这个医院附属附近的那所医学院。 注意：在表示“系、拴”的意思时，还可以用fasten和tie。表示“系在的上面”，可用短语attach/fasten/tie to。 13. Sometimes, the promises do not make sense. make sense 讲得通，有道理，有意义 Can you make sense of what he said? 你能听懂他说的话吗？ What he said just doesnt make s
29、ense. 他讲的那番话简直不知所云。 She doesnt talk much, but what she says makes sense. 她讲话不多，但言之有理。 It makes sense to take care of your health. 照顾好你的健康是很明智的。 What you say is true in a sense. 你的话在某种意义上属实。 You sold it? You must be out of your senses! 你卖了？你简直是疯了！ 15.Stores promise us discounts and tell us that they
30、have the “biggest bargains” and “the lowest prices” bargain n. 交易；买卖合同；廉价货 (1) make/reach a bargain with sb. 与某人达成协议 The two countries made a bargain to stop fire. 两国达成停火协议。 That coat is a bargain at such a low price. 那外套售价这么低，实在便宜。 (2) at a bargain 廉价地 I got this typewriter at a bargain. 我廉价买到这台打字机
31、。 (3) vi. 讨价还价；成交 He bargained with the shopkeeper over the price. 他与商店老板讲价。 They bargained on a five-year term. 他们达成为期五年的交易协议。 (4) vt. 谈判；提出条件；要求。此时，后接that从句，从句中的谓语动词用虚拟语气“should + v.”。should可省略。 They bargained that they should be paid for overtime 他们要求加班要有加班费。 概念提示 重点/热点1： Armed with facts and fig
32、ures, customers are better able to deal with the often powerful arguments given by a salesman or saleswoman. 此处Armed with是过去分词短语作原因状语，相当于As they are armed with过去分词作原因状语是一常见现象，此时分词动作通常与句子的主语具有被动关系。 Equipped with an air-conditioner, the room is comfortable to work in. 房间里装有空调，在里面工作起来很舒适。 Armed with pr
33、actical skills, he will easily find a job. 具备实能能力，他将很容易找到工作。 Faced with a serious problem, he is at a loss what to do. 面对严重的问题，他不知所措。 在when，while，if，as if，though，as，until，once，whether，unless，where等连词连接的状语从句中，常省略跟主句相同的主语和be动词。 When (I am) in trouble, I always turn to her for help. Errors, if (there a
34、re) any, should be corrected. Wood gives much smoke while (wood is) burning. The letter is to be left here until (it is) called for. Henry looked about as if (he were) in search of something. She studies very hard though (she is) still rather weak. 重点/热点2： For example, the United Nations selected th
35、e soccer star Ronsld, pop singer Tetsuya Komuro and other famous people to represent the UN and make its programmes known to the public. make known to是常用句式，意为“让某人知道；向某人颂或宣布”，其中known是过去分词作宾语补足语。 You should make your views known to the whole class. 你应让全班同学知道你的观点。 She didnt mean to make the secret to t
36、he public. 她没打算让公众知道这一秘密。 如果make 的宾语是that 从句，常用it作形式宾语，而把 that从句置于后面。 He tried to make it known to the police that he was innocent. 他试图想让警察明白无罪的。 易混易错点1：on sale与for sale的区别 (1)on sale She has put her house up for sale. 她的房子出售。 Im sorry this painting is not for sale. 很抱歉，这幅画是非卖品。 The new model is not
37、 on sale in the shops. 这种新款式商店尚未上市。 Will our new product be on sale as early as next week? 你们的新产品下星期能上市吗？ 易混易错点2：figure, shape (1)figure n.数字；人像；肖像；图表；人影 v.出现；计算出；理解；推想 I saw a figure in the darkness. 我看到暗处有一个人影。 She has an attractive figure. 她有迷人的曲线。 She has a slender figure. 她身材苗条。 He has become a
38、 figure known to everyone. 他已成了一个知名人物。 Where did you get those figures? 你从哪儿得到那些数字的? His work now commands huge figures. 他的作品现在值大价钱。 Our textbook has many figures to help explain the lessons. 我们的教科书有许多图表帮助解释课文。 Please help me to figure out my income tax. 请帮我算一下我的所得税。 (2)shape n.形状；人影=figure v.做成某物的形
39、状 The sculptor worked the clay into the shape of a woman. 雕刻家将泥土捏成一个妇女的形状。 The writers dreams find a shape in his novel. 作者的理想在他的小说中得到体现。 Athletes must stay in shape. 运动员一定要保持身体健康。 In the darkness, I saw a shape tiptoeing out. 在黑暗中,我看见有个身影悄悄走出去。 The potter shaped the clay into a vase. 陶工将泥土塑成花瓶。 Chi
40、ldhood experiences often play a big part in shaping ones character. 童年经历在形成一个人的性格方面往往起重要作用。 讲题组 课内题例与课后题： 课内题例 1. How much are you going to _ for the book? A. charge B. request C. need D. require 变式：The nurse who was _ the patient sent for a doctor. A. in charge of B. in the charge of C. free of cha
41、rge D. charge 解析：A 题意为“这本书你要多少钱？”。 变式：D in charge of意为“负责”，in the charge of意为“由负责”，free of charge意为“免费”，charge意为“要价，收费”。 2. The children were not _ for the accident. A. blamed B. to be blamed C. being blamed D. to blame 变式：No one in the school but Tom and I _ for the broken glass. A. are to blame B.
42、 is to be blamed C. is to blame D. are to be blamed 解析：A be to blame (for)意为“应为承担责任，该为爱责备”。变式：C no one作主语谓语动词用单数。 3. I tried hard, but it doesnt _. A. make sense B. make a sense C. make senses D. in a blame 变式：I have read the text several times but I still cant _ it. A. make use of B. take advantage
43、 of C. make any sense of D. have an idea of 解析：A make sense意为“有明确意义，有道理，懂得”；in a sense意为“在某种意义上，在一定程度上”。变式：C make use of 和take advantage of意为“利用”，make any sense of意为“理解”。 4. _, I should like to get there today. A. If it was possible B. If it is possibly C. If possible D. If possibly 变式：If young peop
44、le see a film _ a famous person smokes cigarettes, they may get a very bad, _, message. A. when, if not dangerously B. where, if isnt in danger C. in which, if not dangerous D. that, if not in danger 解析：C 在主多复合句中，从句主语与主句主语或相应的逻辑主语一致或用it 等代词作主语时，且从句中出现be动词时，从句中的主语和be可以一起省略。变式：C 第一个空为定语从句缺少地点状语，第二个空省略
45、了it is。 5. I _ there little more than a week when I set to work with the scientist. A. would be B. have been C. had been D. will be 变式：It was reported that Mr Smith _ by the police for driving his car while drunk. A. killed B. had been shot C. caught D. had been caught 解析：C 此题考查时态。根据句意：“当我和科学家开始工作一起
46、时，我已在那个地方呆了不到一个星期。”变式：D 根据句意：报道是过去时，而被警察抓住是发生在报道前，故用过去完成时；而B选项与情景不符。 6. Tom, you _ leave all your clothes on the floor like this! A. wouldnt B. mustnt C. neednt D. may not 变式1：As he had heart attack, he was told that he _ continue the work. A. neednt B. may not C. mustnt D. cant 变式2：-Who is the girl standing over there? -Well, if you _ know, her name is Mabel. A. may B. can C. must D. shall 变式3：John, look at the time, _ you play the piano at such a late hour? A. must B. can C. may D. need 解析：B 本题考查情态动词的用法。同时由题干设置的语境可知该句为含有主语的祈使句，全句使用了命令的口吻，故须用mustnt表示“一
